Intercultural Studies: Religion Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the complex relationships between religion and culture in global contexts, focusing on how religious beliefs, practices, and identities both shape and are shaped by intercultural interactions. Through interdisciplinary perspectives, students will examine the historical development, core tenets, and contemporary expressions of major world religions, with attention to issues such as pluralism, secularism, conflict, and dialogue. Case studies and comparative analysis will highlight the role of religion in cross-cultural communication, social change, and global interconnectedness, preparing students to engage thoughtfully and respectfully with diverse religious traditions.
Recommended Textbook Religions of the World 13th Edition by Lewis M. Hopfe
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Chapter 1: Native American Religions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is one reason for the reverent attitude that Native American cultures have toward nature?
A) Native American survival depended on living close and in balance with nature.
B) The connection to nature is expressed religiously.
C) Trees, rocks, rivers, plants, and animals are often believed to be spiritually alive.
D) Animals and plants are believed to hold the spirit of their ancestors.
Answer: C
Q2) During certain rituals, Native Americans smoke tobacco by placing it in a A) pipe.
B) tube.
C) glass bowl.
D) hollowed-out stick.
Answer: A
Q3) The vision quest is a reward by which a young person seeks A) advancement.
B) to gain special power.
C) unity with nature.
D) hallucinations.
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: African Religions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is one reason that Christianity experienced growth after the 1950s in Africa?
A) Christianity became more connected to European colonial regimes.
B) The Bible became widely available in African languages.
C) Christianity came to Africa with immigrants from the Middle East.
D) Christian missionaries came to Africa in record numbers.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following characterizes African-initiated churches?
A) Christian churches that have their origins among European missionaries
B) Christian churches that have their origins among North American missionaries
C) Christian churches that proliferated at the end of World War II
D) Christian churches that have their origins among Africans
Answer: D
Q3) What is one way to recognize the deities and ancestors in African traditions?
A) Wash hands before eating.
B) Pour out a bit of a drink.
C) Pray before eating.
D) Make an extra plate of food for an ancestor or god.
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Hinduism
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Sample Questions
Q1) This god, one and undivided, is the ultimate reality at the core of Hindu thought.
A) Kali
B) Brahman
C) Ganesha
D) Lakshmi
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following religions arose from Hinduism?
A) Daoism
B) Shinto
C) Jainism
D) Islam
Answer: C
Q3) What does Hinduism share with most religions today?
A) issues over population control
B) issues over revitalizing the religion
C) issues over modernity
D) issues over immigration
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Buddhism
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Q1) What is the name for individuals achieving Nirvana?
A) arhat
B) Buddha
C) Kabira
D) sangha
Q2) Nirvana can be described as
A) a heavenly world of peace and love among people.
B) clear, rational understanding of the laws of the universe.
C) an exalted state in which one becomes a god/goddess.
D) having the self permanently extinguished like the flame on a candle.
Q3) A human being who has discovered the path to Nirvana through his or her own efforts is called a
A) monk.
B) Buddha.
C) prophet.
D) sangha.
Q4) Discuss Buddhism from a historical perspective, tracking its movements, changes, and slips into quiescence. Discuss the reasons for the strong Buddhist presence today in the world.
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Chapter 5: Sikhism
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Q1) What is the Adi Granth?
A) a collection of myths
B) a collection of teachings
C) a collection of the official scriptures
D) a collection of laws
Q2) Sikhs refer to their God as
A) Allah.
B) Jehovah.
C) The True Name.
D) Father God.
Q3) Discuss three religious concepts that Sikhism retained from Hinduism and relate those to the strict monotheism retained from Islam.
Q4) This Sikh holiday celebrates the day on which Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa.
A) Holi
B) Divali
C) Vaisakhi
D) Langar
Q5) Describe life for modern-day Sikhs. What challenges do they face and why?
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Chapter 6: Jainism
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Q1) Jains have become one of the wealthiest groups in modern India because of their emphasis on truthfulness and their reputation for being
A) excellent businesspeople.
B) successful farmers.
C) highly educated.
D) lawyer/barristers.
Q2) Which of the following is not likely to be the profession of a devout Jain?
A) businessperson
B) soldier
C) airline pilot
D) nurse
Q3) Practitioners of this religion and Jains share an understanding of time and religion.
A) Hinduism
B) Theravada Buddhism
C) Roman Catholicism
D) Orthodox Judaism
Q4) Discuss the philosophical dualism that underlies Jainism. What problems does this dualism present to the Jain and what is the solution?
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Chinese Religions
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Q1) This group, part of the major school of thought that emerged in addition to the Daoists, believed that human nature demanded strong leadership because it tended to be wicked and lazy.
A) the Confucians
B) the Legalists
C) the Mohists
D) the Neo-Daos
Q2) What was the name of the legendary founder of Daoism which, when translated, also means "Old Master" or "Old Boy"?
A) Confucius
B) Shangdi
C) Laozi
D) Siddhartha
Q3) In early April, Chinese people celebrate this holiday that involves the ancestors as well as ritual baths and the building of new fires.
A) The Dragon Boat Festival
B) All Souls' Day
C) Pure and Bright Festival
D) Chinese New Year
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Shinto
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Kojiki, which contains the myths of ancient Japan, is also known as the A) Bible.
B) Chronicles of Ancient Events.
C) Commandments.
D) Ways of Right Living.
Q2) Most Japanese think of themselves as primarily
A) pacifist.
B) Buddhist.
C) Shinto.
D) agnostic.
Q3) Which of the following is part of domestic Shinto practice?
A) keeping a household altar
B) performing a solemn seppuku ceremony
C) reading the Kojiki
D) praying at the family's sacred ossuary that contains the names of their ancestors
Q4) Discuss the emergence of the samurai during the Tokugawa era as well as the warrior code of the Bushido. Summarize Bushido's categories for behavior.
Q5) What are the three forms of Shinto and how are they similar? Different?
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Chapter 9: Judaism
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Q1) A number of explanations for the Nazi Holocaust have been suggested. What are they? What were both the immediate and long-lasting results of this event?
Q2) The Ten Commandments, which are basic to Jewish life, were given to
A) Jeremiah at Passover.
B) Moses on Mt. Sinai.
C) Solomon at Purim
D) Isaiah at Sukkot.
Q3) What was true of the Jewish people by the end of the fifteenth century?
A) They were located predominantly in Spain.
B) They were officially expelled or made to feel unwelcome in nearly every European nation.
C) They lived largely in eastern Europe..
D) They were most unwelcome in the Muslim states of the Ottoman Empire.
Q4) This was placed in Solomon's temple and remained there until the Babylonians destroyed the temple.
A) the Torah
B) the Ark of the Covenant
C) King Josiah's Scrolls of the Law
D) the tablet containing the Ten Commandments
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Chapter 10: Christianity
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Q1) What is one problem facing the Catholic Church in the twenty-first century?
A) low church attendance
B) difficulty finding priests to serve the lay communities
C) large, diverse parishes
D) declining enrollment
Q2) Little to nothing is known about what part of Jesus's life?
A) birth
B) young adulthood/teen years
C) adulthood
D) death
Q3) Which of the following was a result of the Council of Trent in 1545?
A) a reaffirmation of the traditional seven sacraments
B) a reaffirmation of only baptism and communion
C) an advocating for infant baptism
D) reforms that would bring reconciliation between Protestants and Catholics
Q4) The most revolutionary council since the Council of Trent, was John XXIII's
A) First Vatican Council.
B) Second Vatican Council.
C) Council of Nicaea.
D) Council of Pisa.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Islam
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Q1) Describe the process by which the Qur'an came into being. Compare this to the formation of the Jewish Talmud.
Q2) The Hijira is the
A) journey from Mecca to Yathrib.
B) pagan shrine in Medina destroyed by Muhammad.
C) doctrine of prayer according to Muhammad.
D) name of a month-long fast.
Q3) Those things that one must do to be a good Muslim are referred to as A) Ramadan.
B) the Five Pillars.
C) zakat.
D) salat.
Q4) Which country is destined to play a much larger role in the Islamic world partly due to its enormous petroleum reserve?
A) Indonesia
B) Kuwait
C) Iraq
D) Saudi Arabia
Q5) Discuss the origins of Sufism. Compare Sufism to the Sunni and Shi'ite versions of Islam.
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Chapter 12: Bahai
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Q1) In Iran, Baha'i is considered a
A) national movement.
B) heretical movement.
C) treasonous movement.
D) harmless movement.
Q2) The feast of the New Year is celebrated in which month?
A) January
B) February
C) March
D) April
Q3) Many regulations govern the daily life of Baha'i, but this is the most important aspect of daily living.
A) service
B) comfort
C) prayer
D) love
Q4) Discuss the connection of Baha'i to Shi'ite Islam and the ways in which Baha'i beliefs differ radically from Shi'ite beliefs.
Q5) Summarize Baha'u'llah's teachings and the basic beliefs of Baha'i.
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