Information Technology Fundamentals
Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Information Technology Fundamentals introduces students to the essential concepts and components of information technology, encompassing hardware, software, networking, and data management. The course covers foundational topics such as computer systems architecture, operating systems, internet and web technologies, and cybersecurity principles. Students explore the impact of IT on society, develop problem-solving and critical-thinking skills related to technology, and gain hands-on experience through practical exercises in computer operation, application software, and basic troubleshooting. This course provides the necessary groundwork for advanced studies in information technology and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Database Systems Design Implementation and Management 10th Edition by Carlos Coronel
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15 Chapters
1320 Verified Questions
1320 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Database Systems
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70 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) An operational database is sometimes referred to as an enterprise database.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following is an example of structured data?
A) A Web page
B) An e-mail
C) A memo
D) A spreadsheet
Answer: D
Q3) ___________________________________ is a special language used to represent and manipulate data elements in a textual format.
Answer: XML (Extensible Markup Language)
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Extensible Markup Language
XML
Q4) A query language is a procedural language.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Data Models
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Sample Questions
Q1) What components should an implementation-ready data model contain?
Answer: An implementation-ready data model should contain at least the following components:
A description of the data structure that will store the end-user data.
A set of enforceable rules to guarantee the integrity of the data.
A data manipulation methodology to support the real-world data transformations.
Q2) The relational model is hardware-dependent and software-independent.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a(n)____ in the data model.
A) entity
B) attribute
C) relationship
D) constraint
Answer: C
Q4) Each column in a relation represents a(n)____________________.
Answer: attribute
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Chapter 3: The Relational Database Model
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100 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________________ relationships can be implemented by creating a new entity in 1:M relationships with the original entities.
Answer: M:N
Q2) The idea of determination is unique to the database environment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) A ____ key is defined as a key that is used strictly for data retrieval purposes.
A) lookup
B) foreign
C) candidate
D) secondary
Answer: D
Q4) RDBMSs enforce integrity rules automatically.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q5) The ____________________ relationship is the relational database norm. Answer: 1:M
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Chapter 4: Entity Relationship (ER)Modeling
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Crow's Foot notation,an optional relationship between entities is shown by drawing a(n)____________________ on the side of the optional entity.
Q2) The word "entity" in the ER model corresponds to a table.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When indicating cardinality,the first value represents the ____________________ number of associated entities.
Q4) A ____ should be a derived attribute.
A) person's name
B) person's age
C) person's social security number
D) person's phone number
Q5) In the Chen model,a multivalued attribute is connected to the owning entity with a double line.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is a weak relationship? Provide an example.
Q7) The relationship ____________________ is difficult to establish if you know only one side of the relationship.
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Chapter 5: Advanced Data Modeling
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Sample Questions
Q1) When selecting a foreign key placement for a 1:1 relationship,place the PK of the entity on the mandatory side in the entity on the optional side as a FK,and make the FK mandatory when ____.
A) one side is mandatory and the other side is optional
B) one side participates in another relationship
C) both sides are optional
D) both sides are mandatory
Q2) The property of ____ enables an entity subtype to inherit the attributes and relationships of the supertype.
A) subtype discriminator
B) inheritance
C) specialization hierarchy
D) entity supertype
Q3) Non-overlapping subtypes are subtypes that contain a(n)____ subset of the supertype entity set.
A) entity
B) subtypes
C) unique
D) nonunique
Q4) Describe specialization and generalization.
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Chapter 6: Normalization of Database Tables
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Sample Questions
Q1) Normalization purity is easy to sustain in the modern database environment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Repeating groups must be eliminated by making sure that each row defines a single entity.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms.For most purposes in business database design,____ stages are as high as you need to go in the normalization process.
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
Q4) A table is in fourth normal form if it is in third normal form and has no independent multivalued dependencies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) ____________________ is a process to help reduce the likelihood of data anomalies.
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Chapter 7: Introduction to Structured Query Language (SQL)
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Sample Questions
Q1) DATE()and SYSDATE are special functions that return today's date in MS Access and ____________________,respectively.
Q2) String comparisons are made from left to right.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The conditional LIKE must be used in conjunction with wildcard characters.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The SQL command that lets you insert rows into a table is ____.
A) INSERT
B) SELECT
C) COMMIT
D) UPDATE
Q5) A database language enables the user to create database and table structures to perform basic data management chores.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
Q6) U.S.state abbreviations are always two characters,so ____________________(2)is a logical choice for the data type representing a state column.
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Page 10
Chapter 8: Advanced SQL
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Sample Questions
Q1) Oracle recommends ____ for creating audit logs.
A) triggers
B) stored procedures
C) stored functions
D) tables
Q2) The ____________________ outer join returns not only the rows matching the join condition (that is,rows with matching values in the common column),but also the rows in the left-side table with unmatched values in the right-side table.
Q3) If the DBMS does not support the INTERSECT statement,you can use a(n)____________________ subquery to achieve the same result.
Q4) When using a(n)____ join,only rows that meet the given criteria are returned.
A) full
B) inner
C) outer
D) set
Q5) The ____________________ clause is used to restrict the output of a GROUP BY query by applying a conditional criteria to the grouped rows.
Q6) The IN subquery uses a(n)____________________ operator.
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Chapter 9: Database Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the factors affecting the purchasing decision for DBMS software?
Q2) The ____ design is the process of selecting the data storage and data access characteristics of the database.
A) time
B) network
C) logical
D) physical
Q3) The conceptual design step that defines entities,attributes,and relationships is ____.
A) database analysis and requirements
B) entity relationship modeling and normalization
C) data model verification
D) distributed database design
Q4) The database contents may be loaded interactively or in ____________________ mode.
Q5) Database designs that fail to recognize that the database is part of a larger information system are not likely to be successful.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Transaction Management and Concurrency Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)____ lock exists when concurrent transactions are granted read access on the basis of a common lock.
A) shared
B) exclusive
C) binary
D) two-phase
Q2) In the optimistic approach,during the ____ phase,a transaction scans the database,executes the needed computations,and makes the updates to a private copy of the database values.
A) read
B) validation
C) write
D) shared
Q3) The ____ approach to scheduling concurrent transactions assigns a global unique stamp to each transaction.
A) scheduled
B) table-locking
C) unique
D) timestamping
Q4) Explain the transaction log.What is its function?
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Chapter 11: Database Performance Tuning and Query
Optimization
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)____________________ request is a low-level (read or write)data access operation to/from computer devices.
Q2) On the server side,the DBMS environment must be properly configured to respond to clients requests in the fastest way possible,while making optimum use of existing resources.The activities required to achieve that goal are commonly referred to as ____ tuning.
A) client and server
B) database
C) SQL performance
D) DBMS performance
Q3) When setting optimizer hints,____ instructs the optimizer to minimize the overall execution time,that is,to minimize the time it takes to return all rows in the query result set.This hint is generally used for batch mode processes.
A) ALL_ROWS
B) FIRST_ROWS
C) INDEX(P_QOH_NDX)
D) OPTIMIZATION_ROWS
Q4) The system will perform best when its hardware and software resources are
Page 14
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Chapter 12: Distributed Database Management Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) A transaction processor is also known as the ____________________ processor.
Q2) The objective of ____ optimization is to minimize the total cost associated with the execution of a request.
A) data
B) remote
C) transaction
D) query
Q3) The TP is the software component found in each computer that requests data.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ____ transparency allows a transaction to update data at several network sites.
A) Transaction
B) Distribution
C) Failure
D) Performance
Q5) ____________________ management ensures that data move from one consistent state to another,including synchronization of local and remote transactions.
Q6) In a DDBMS,query ____________________ is used to find the best access strategy.
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Q7) The DO-UNDO-REDO protocol defines three types of operations.What are they?
Chapter 13: Business Intelligence and Data Warehouses
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ____ schema is a type of star schema in which the dimension tables can have their own dimension tables.
A) snowflake
B) starflake
C) mesh
D) matrix
Q2) A data ____________________ is a centralized,consolidated database that integrates data derived from the entire organization and from multiple sources with diverse formats.
Q3) OLAP systems are designed to use both operational and data ____________________ data.
Q4) Normalizing fact tables improves data access performance and saves data storage space.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Facts can be computed or derived at run time.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The most distinct characteristic of modern OLAP tools is their capacity for ____________________ analysis.
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Chapter 14: Database Connectivity and Web Technologies
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ____ is an external application that is automatically invoked by the browser when needed.
A) Web client
B) plug-in
C) Web service
D) Web server
Q2) ____ is a higher-level object-oriented application interface used to access remote database servers.
A) API
B) ODBC
C) DAO
D) RDO
Q3) When an end user uses a Web browser to dynamically query a database,the client browser actually requests a Web page.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A(n)____________________ is a unique name by which the data source will be known to ODBC,and therefore,to applications.
Q5) What is a server-side extension?
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Chapter 15: Database Administration and Security
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Sample Questions
Q1) Database access can be controlled by placing limits on the use of the DBMS's query and reporting tools.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The DBA function provides data modeling and design services to the end-user community,often through coordination with an application development group within the data-processing department.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The advent of the DBMS and its shared view of data produced a new level of data management sophistication and led the DP department to evolve into a(n)_________________________ department.
Q4) Explain conflict and problem resolution as part of the DBA's end-user support services.
Q5) The DBA is responsible for ensuring that the data are distributed to the right persons,at the right time,and in the right format.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A(n)____________________ physically stores the database's data.
Page 18
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