Industrial Engineering Practice
Questions
Course Introduction
Industrial Engineering is a multidisciplinary field focused on optimizing complex systems, processes, and organizations by integrating people, materials, information, equipment, and energy. The course introduces students to fundamental principles and tools such as operations research, systems engineering, production planning, quality control, and ergonomics. By applying analytical, mathematical, and scientific methods, students learn how to design, improve, and manage processes in manufacturing and service industries to enhance efficiency, productivity, and quality. The coursework often includes real-world case studies, hands-on projects, and simulation exercises to equip students with the problem-solving skills necessary to address contemporary industrial challenges.
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Managing Your Legal Affairs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements regarding retainers is false?
A)Before commencing work on a matter for a new client,a lawyer usually requests that a retainer be paid.
B)Provincial law societies typically restrict the use of retainers to personal injury or product liability cases.
C)A retainer is deposited into a trust account to the credit of the client.
D)The lawyer may require the client to "top up" the retainer as funds are withdrawn from the trust account to pay legal bills.
E)A retainer helps ensure that lawyers will be paid for their legal services.
Answer: B
Q2) If a complaint regarding a lawyer's conduct cannot otherwise be resolved,and the law society decides the complaint is valid,then the lawyer will face automatic disbarment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) List the three main ways in which lawyers may charge their clients.
Answer: Lawyers may charge their clients using fixed fees,hourly rates,and/or contingency fees.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Introduction to the Legal System
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Sample Questions
Q1) "In our modern legal system,the term 'equity' is synonymous with fairness." Discuss the accuracy of this statement.
Answer: Students should point out that equity is that body of law developed by the Courts of Chancery and may or may not be fair in modern terms.The student should comment on the inadequacies of the common law,including the use of stare decisis causing the development of common law to stagnate,and inadequate common law remedies.This led to people petitioning the king for relief.This was taken over by the chancellor and eventually the Court of Chancery developed.Equity then is the body of law developed by the Court of Chancery and it was intended to supplement the common law.Equity does not mean fairness,but that body of law developed in the Courts of Chancery,and it may or may not be considered fair by today's standards.The two courts' structures were merged,but not the bodies of law.
Q2) Explain how the rights set up in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms are limited.
Answer: 1.The Charter only applies to public matters and government relations. 2.Section 1 of the Charter limits the rights and freedoms so that they can be interfered with when "demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society." Section 33,the "notwithstanding clause," allows the provinces or the federal government to override Section 2 or Sections 7-15 by so declaring in the legislation.
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Chapter 3: The Resolution of Disputes: The Courts and Alternatives to Litigation
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is generally cost-effective and worthwhile to pursue judicial review.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) (Modify this question for your province.)Mildred and Sam are having marriage difficulties.Their 14-year-old son,George,in reaction,steals a car and smashes it up.He is charged under the Youth Criminal Justice Act.Which court would deal with this action in your province?
A)The small claims court
B)The family court
C)The superior trial court
D)The surrogate court
E)The youth court
Answer: E
Q3) Distinguish between the executive and legislative branches of government.
Answer: Federally,the legislative branch is parliament,including the House of Commons and the Senate.Provincially,the legislative branch is the legislative assembly.For both,the executive branch consists of the public service and the cabinet.
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Chapter 4: Intentional Torts and Torts Impacting Business
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because the Internet is uncontrolled,tort law does not apply to online activities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The federal legislation that regulates the collection and use of personal information in the private sector is known as the
A)Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act.
B)Privacy Act.
C)Private Sector Privacy Act.
D)Code of Personal Information.
E)Act for the Protection of Private Information.
Q3) All of the following are examples of unfair competition except
A)one business seeking confidential information from the employees of another.
B)one business intentionally lowering its prices to encourage customers to purchase its products.
C)intimidation to discourage someone from selling a product at a lower price.
D)one restaurant sending employees to the door of another to redirect customers to the first.
E)intimidation to discourage someone from opening a business in a particular area.
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Chapter 5: Negligence,Professional Liability,and Insurance
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order for an insurance agreement not to be declared void as an illegal contract,what must be demonstrated?
Q2) A land appraiser prepared an appraisal of a property for a real-estate development company.The appraiser had been told that the appraisal would be used by the company to attract potential investors.Because the appraiser forgot to check the recent changes in the zoning by-laws,the appraisal was not accurate; the investor,a party unknown to the appraiser,was misled about the value of the land and,consequently,suffered a financial loss.On these facts,which of the following is true?
A)A land appraiser owes a duty of care to his client,the company,but not to any potential investors.
B)A land appraiser owes a duty of care to his client,and to potential investors only if he knows the name of the investor.
C)The investor might sue the appraiser for "negligent misstatement causing economic loss."
D)The investor must suffer his own loss,because an investor takes the risk and so must take care.
E)A person cannot be sued for words that cause loss,only for actions that cause physical injury.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: The Elements of a Contract: Consensus and Consideration
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Sample Questions
Q1) Is an "agreement to agree" binding?
Q2) A purchaser issues a request to get the best possible price on a required product or service.This is referred to as a tendered bid.The Supreme Court of Canada has decided that in some circumstances such tendered bids:
A)Cannot be revoked.
B)Have no requirement that bidders be treated fairly,as caveat emptor applies.
C)Do not allow for discretion.
D)Are an invitation to treat which carries with it no legal status.
E)Must be in a standard form contract.
Q3) There is a principle that says when a gratuitous promise to do something in the future causes someone to incur an expense,the promisor may be liable for failing to live up to that promise.What is this principle known as?
Q4) A one-sided promise the courts will not enforce is known as ________.
Q5) Which of the following is an ingredient necessary to form a contract?
A)Exemption clauses
B)Assignment
C)Capacity
D)Moral
E)Fairness
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Chapter 7: The Elements of a Contract: Capacity, Legality, and Intention
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Sample Questions
Q1) A signature equivalent for electronic documents might be a password or some other form of encryption.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The first Statute of Frauds was enacted in the USA in the 20th century.
A)True
B)False
Q3) "Because of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and various human rights legislation in all jurisdictions,status Indians no longer experience limited capacity in contract law." Discuss the accuracy of that statement.
Q4) Which of the following are in no way incapacitated when entering into contracts?
A)Mentally disabled
B)Women
C)Children
D)Status Indians
E)Trade unions
Q5) Indicate the distinction between a guarantee and an indemnity.
Q6) In the legal sense,to what does "insanity" refer?
Q7) Why was the Statute of Frauds originally passed?
Q8) When will the court waive the requirement of writing? Page 9
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Page 10
Chapter 8: Factors Affecting the Contractual Relationship
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Sample Questions
Q1) The threat of violence makes a contract voidable.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The longer Adolph stayed on his job,the more he hated it.He thought his boss was too demanding.He especially disliked being reprimanded for being late.One afternoon,he was asked by a secretary to take a letter to his boss for his signature.His boss had had an eye operation and was recuperating at home.Adolph got two signatures,one on the letter and one on a note promising to pay Adolph $1000 in consideration for services rendered.His boss was not careless,but couldn't read the papers.What plea or argument,if any,could his boss use to avoid paying on the promissory note?
A)Duress
B)Unconscionability
C)Shared mistake
D)Non est factum
E)Rectification
Q3) Discuss the development and importance of the principle of unconscionable contracts.In your answer compare unconscionability to insanity,duress,and undue influence.
Q4) What is the significance of an assignment qualifying as a statutory assignment?
Page 11
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Chapter 9: The End of the Contractual Relationship
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Frustrated Contracts Act today requires that when a deposit is paid,the costs incurred can be split out of the deposit.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which one of the following statements accurately describes the effect of a liquidated damages clause on a plaintiff's claim in a breach of contract action?
A)This clause requires the injured party to take all reasonable steps to lessen (mitigate)his losses.
B)The plaintiff will likely be awarded a judgment for all the damages that naturally and directly flow from the breach.
C)The court will award the amount specified only if it accurately reflects the losses that actually took place.
D)The court will likely award the amount set out in the clause if it considers that to be a genuine estimate by the parties of the likely consequences of a breach.
E)Liquidated damages only apply to losses caused by excess water,such as floods or tidal waves.
Q3) Discuss exculpatory (exemption)clauses and how the courts treat them.
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Page 12
Chapter 10: Agency and Partnership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best describes a partnership?
A)Partnership involves two or more persons carrying on business with a view towards profits.
B)Partnerships involve limited liability.
C)Partnerships are created when two or more persons specifically agree to be in partnership.
D)Partnerships are only created when they have been properly registered with the government.
E)Partnerships are like any other form of contract; they can only be created when there is consensus between the parties in the form of offer and acceptance to that effect.
Q2) Which of the following will establish the existence of a partnership?
A)A debt is repaid by the creditor taking a share of the profits.
B)An employee receives a profit-sharing bonus.
C)The good-will portion of the sale of a business is repaid by a share of the profits.
D)The parties intend to share the expenses of the business.
E)The beneficiary of a deceased partner takes that partner's share of the income from the partnership.
Q3) Explain when a group of people would create a society.
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Chapter 11: Corporations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Smith,director of ABC Ltd.,intercepted a corporate opportunity for his own benefit and thereby caused the corporation to miss a $45,000 profit.A shareholder urged the board of directors to take action against him.The other directors,all close friends of Smith from school days,did not take any action against him,although they did voice their dissatisfaction with his move.Which of the following provisions would aid the shareholder?
A)Pre-emptive right provision
B)Indoor-management rule
C)Derivative-action provision
D)Dissent procedure
E)Relief-from-oppression provision
Q2) There is one common method of creating corporations used across Canada.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the nature of the "corporate myth."
Q4) The provincial agency that serves as watchdog on the issuance and trading of shares is known as ________.
Q5) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of incorporation as a method of carrying on business as compared to sole proprietorship and partnership.
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Chapter 12: Employment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Give examples of three areas that are controlled by the employment standards legislation.
Q2) Indicate how much notice an employee is entitled to when being dismissed.
Q3) Which one of the following is not just cause for dismissal?
A)Serious absenteeism
B)Consistent tardiness
C)Open disobedience
D)Habitual negligence or incompetence
E)No work to do
Q4) Prejudice or bias exercised against a person or class for the purpose of correcting a pattern of discrimination against another person or class is known as ________.
Q5) Which one of the following is just cause for dismissal?
A)Absenteeism twice in the last year
B)Tardiness once in the last two years
C)Refusal to work in an unsafe work environment
D)Habitual negligence or incompetence
E)No work to do
Q6) What conditions must be met first before employees can go out on strike?
Q7) Under what circumstances can an employee be terminated without notice?
Page 15
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Chapter 13: Intellectual Property
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain what is meant by an ex parte procedure and give an example.
Q2) What qualifications must be met in order for something to be patentable?
Q3) Explain what rights a copyright holder has in relationship to the work.
Q4) As part of his preparation for a debate on whether the Criminal Code should be amended to include a crime for the unauthorized use of computer programs,Joe photocopied a short essay on the topic to study at home.The essay proved to be an excellent argument for his side-namely,that such a crime should be created.Although some of the other articles advanced different arguments he could use,Joe was short of time and just turned in the essay as his own and later used its ideas in the debate.Which of the following is true?
A)The first time Joe copied the essay was clearly an infringement of copyright; there is no defence available to him.
B)Using the essay's arguments in the debate is an infringement of copyright even though they would be expressed in Joe's own words.
C)There would be an infringement of copyright when Joe used the essay as his own work.
D)Joe cannot use the essay in any way without infringing copyright.
E)There can be no infringement of copyright by a student.
Q5) What period of protection is granted under industrial design legislation?
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Chapter 14: Real and Personal Property and Protection of the Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) About ten years after their marriage,Eric and Bev had saved enough money to buy an investment property.First they bought a duplex,which they held as joint tenants,and later they bought a building lot in Lethbridge,which they held as tenants in common.Eric's will provided that his interest in the duplex would go to their daughter,Lisa,and that his interest in the Lethbridge lot would go to their son,Max.Indicate the statement that accurately describes who will take what upon Eric's death.
A)Lisa will get his interest in the duplex and Max will get the interest in the Lethbridge lot,just as the will said.
B)Bev will get both properties because she and Eric co-owned them both.
C)Bev will get Eric's interest in the duplex but Max will take Eric's interest in the Lethbridge lot.
D)Bev will get Eric's interest in the Lethbridge lot but Lisa will get his interest in the duplex.
E)Max will get Eric's interest in both properties as the oldest son.
Q2) Because a tenancy is primarily contractual and so does not "run with the land," it will not bind a purchaser of a building.
A)True
B)False
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Page 17
Chapter 15: Priority of Creditors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Owen borrowed money from a credit union,guaranteed by his father,to buy a car.The credit union also registered a security interest under the Personal Property Security Act against the vehicle.Owen defaulted and,instead of repossessing the vehicle,the credit union demanded payment from the father.Explain the legal position of the father under these circumstances.
Q2) Once the bankrupt has been discharged,explain his status.
Q3) What is the effect on a corporation when it goes bankrupt?
Q4) Give three examples of types of things that can be used as security under the Personal Property Security Act.
Q5) When the value of the security is not great enough to cover the debt,a secured creditor is an unsecured creditor for that outstanding amount.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Attachment takes place when
A)a contract is executed.
B)notice of a security arrangement is given.
C)after-acquired assets are secured.
D)a debtor receives some value under the contract.
E)a purchase money security interest arises.
Page 18
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Chapter 16: Sales and Consumer Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss,in the context of consumer protection,how legislative and other changes have helped to overcome the obstacle created by the principle of privity.
Q2) "The Sale of Goods Act is another example of consumer protection legislation." Discuss the accuracy of this statement.
Q3) Which of the following is not controlled by consumer protection legislation?
A)False advertising
B)The investigation of complaints
C)Unconscionable transactions
D)Business transactions
E)Unequal bargaining power that is abusive
Q4) Distinguish between a cheque and a bill of exchange.
Q5) A cheque made payable "after the building is completed" can qualify as a negotiable instrument.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss the different types of negotiable instruments and indicate the significance of them being classified as negotiable.
Q7) Explain three significant contributions of the federal Competition Act.
19
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