Industrial Engineering
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Industrial Engineering is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on optimizing complex systems, processes, and organizations by developing, improving, and implementing integrated systems of people, materials, equipment, energy, and information. Students in this course learn to apply principles from mathematics, physical sciences, and social sciences, alongside engineering analysis and design methods, to eliminate waste, improve productivity, ensure quality, and optimize the performance of manufacturing and service operations. Key topics include operations research, quality control, supply chain management, human factors, facility layout, and project management, with practical applications in diverse industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, and finance.
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Chapter 1: Managing Your Legal Affairs
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Q1) The role of the lawyer is to
A)provide legal advice relevant to the client's situation,which the client is free to ignore.
B)provide legal advice relevant to the client's situation,which the client has no choice but to follow.
C)tell clients what they must do.
D)tell clients what they must not do.
E)delay the client's decision-making process.
Answer: A
Q2) A code of professional conduct is needed because the vast majority of lawyers are unethical.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Provincial law societies may restrict the use of contingency fee agreements.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) What is the main role of a lawyer?
Answer: To provide legal advice relevant to a client's situation.
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Chapter 2: Introduction to the Legal System
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Q1) "The term 'equity' refers to fairness in our legal system." Discuss the accuracy of this statement.
Answer: Equity is that body of law developed by the Courts of Chancery and may or may not be considered fair by today's standards.By the Judicature Acts,the Courts of Chancery and common-law courts were merged into one court system,the English High Court of Justice.It must be emphasized that the bodies of law developed (that is,common law and equity)remain separate and distinct bodies of law.
Q2) What kind of legal rights are protected under the Charter?
Answer: The rights to life,liberty,and security of person and not to be deprived thereof,except in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice; the right to be free from any unreasonable search and seizures; the right to be free of arbitrary imprisonment; the right to be informed about why we are arrested; the right to retain counsel; the right to be tried within a reasonable time; the presumption of innocence; the right not to be tried twice for the same offence; and the right not to be subjected to any cruel and unusual punishment are protected under the Charter.
Q3) The theory of law that defined law in terms of what the courts actually do is called
Answer: legal realism
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Chapter 3: The Resolution of Disputes: The Courts and Alternatives to Litigation
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Q1) Legal concessions made "without prejudice" during negotiations will not hurt the parties if litigation proceeds.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) What is meant by a writ of certiorari?
Answer: Certiorari involves a court order that makes the decision of an inferior administrative body null and void and of no effect.
Q3) Which of the following best describes the process of mediation?
A)Rigid
B)Structured
C)Cooperative/flexible
D)Time-consuming
E)Controversial
Answer: C
Q4) Explain what is meant by a "dry" judgment.
Answer: This is the term used to describe a situation where you proceed to judgment and then the person you are suing,the defendant,now called the judgment debtor,does not have the resources to satisfy the judgment.
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Chapter 4: Intentional Torts and Torts Impacting Business
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Q1) Outline the elements required for a breach of confidence.
Q2) The primary purpose of tort law is to punish wrongdoers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Malicious prosecution requires a criminal conviction to have taken place.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain what is meant by a continuing trespass.
Q5) Which of the following incidents is an example of the legal meaning of the tort of assault (without battery)?
A)A person accidentally drops a hammer on your foot.
B)When you are asleep in your house,a person sneaks up and throws a hammer through your garage window.
C)Unknown to you,a person throws a hammer at your head but misses.
D)A person comes up from behind you without your seeing them and hits the back of your knees,causing you to fall down.
E)A person throws a hammer at your head but you see it coming and duck out of the way.
Q6) Define defamation.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Negligence,Professional Liability,and Insurance
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Q1) Pete and John had been hired by the same computer consulting company.They worked a 3-hour shift and walked to a pub,where they had several beers.John said he'd drive Pete home.Pete knew John had been drinking but agreed to go with him anyway.The alcohol affected John's driving.He lost control of the car,which crashed through Mr.Britt's fence and Britt's garage.Pete was injured.John was not injured.Britt's neighbour,Mr.Watson,called the police.John was charged with the offence of driving while impaired and was found guilty in the criminal proceedings.Given these facts,which of the following is true?
A)Since Mr.Britt was not physically injured,he could not sue.
B)Mr.Watson,the neighbour,could successfully sue John for negligence.
C)Pete could sue John for negligence,but if the court held that Pete volunteered to take the physical and legal risk (volenti non fit injuria),Pete would get no award of damages.
D)The principle of vicarious liability is relevant here because John was an employee at the time of the accident.John was charged with an offence; no one could sue him in a civil action for compensation.
E)One court action is all that is allowed.
Q2) What is the reasonable foreseeability test used for?
Q3) What test is used to establish a duty of care?
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Chapter 6: The Elements of a Contract: Consensus and Consideration
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Q1) Sam placed an announcement in the newspaper as follows: "$200 reward for the return of two lost Siamese kittens." Joe read the ad,found the kittens,and returned them.This is an example of which of the following?
A)Invitation to treat
B)Offer
C)Gratuitous promise
D)Bilateral contract
E)Unilateral contract
Q2) Discuss the requirements for a valid offer,explaining both how an offer is to be communicated and how such an offer can be brought to an end.
Q3) When the postbox rule applies,the place of mailing of the acceptance may determine the place of the contract.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If an agreement is one-sided,and only one of the parties is getting something from the deal,it is called a gratuitous promise and the courts will not enforce it.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Elements of a Contract: Capacity, Legality, and Intention
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Q1) In which of the following situations would an infant be bound by the contract he has entered into?
A)A contract for the purchase of a bike with which to race.
B)A government student loan.
C)A contract for the purchase of a new leather jacket,where the merchant was not aware that he had several other jackets at home.
D)A contract for the purchase of theatre tickets.
E)A written contract for the purchase of a new stereo.
Q2) All contracts that have the effect of restricting competition are void.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe an "executed contract" and provide an example.
Q4) What is the term for a written commitment whereby a person agrees to pay a debt if the debtor does not?
Q5) "Because of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and various human rights legislation in all jurisdictions,status Indians no longer experience limited capacity in contract law." Discuss the accuracy of that statement.
Page 9
Q6) Just what has to be in writing to satisfy the requirements of the Statute of Frauds?
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Chapter 8: Factors Affecting the Contractual Relationship
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Q1) ________ attempts to return both parties to their original positions.The subject matter of the contract must be returned to the original owner,and any monies paid under the contract must also be returned.
A)Damages
B)Remedies
C)Recession
D)Compensation
E)Avoidance
Q2) Discuss the development and importance of the principle of unconscionable contracts.In your answer compare unconscionability to insanity,duress,and undue influence.
Q3) Privity of contract applies in which of the following situations?
A)Where an interest in land is involved
B)Where a trust is involved
C)Where an insurance contract is involved
D)Where goods are being sold
E)Where a trust has been created
Q4) "Misrepresentation involves a misleading statement of fact,not opinion." Discuss the accuracy of that statement.
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Chapter 9: The End of the Contractual Relationship
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Q1) Explain under what circumstances the tender of performance and its refusal will be treated as performance of the contractual obligation.
Q2) Damages are an example of an equitable remedy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) "Clean hands" refers to the absence of wrongdoing on the part of a person seeking an equitable remedy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In rare circumstances,the courts may issue a mandatory injunction when a person does something to violate a contractual term and thereby creates an ongoing problem.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the three-part test for determining if novation has occurred?
Q6) For a contract to be frustrated,performance must be impossible.
A)True
B)False
Q7) What is a force majeure clause?
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Chapter 10: Agency and Partnership
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Questions
Q1) What are the advantages and disadvantages of being a sole proprietor?
Q2) To what does the term "estoppel" refer?
Q3) Which of the following is correct with respect to limited partnerships?
A)Limited partnership refers to the fact that no more than five people are allowed to be partners in such partnerships.
B)Limited partnership refers to the fact that limited partnerships can only carry on in certain kinds of businesses.
C)Limited partnership refers to the fact that some partners have limited liability.
D)Limited partnership refers to the fact that some partnerships are only created for a limited period of time.
E)Limited partnership refers to the fact that the partnership can only issue common shares.
Q4) Apparent authority is determined by the representation of the agent.
A)True
B)False
Q5) When one partner dies,what happens to the partnership?
Q6) Explain what a retiring partner should do to ensure she is no longer liable for the company's obligations.
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Chapter 11: Corporations
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Q1) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of incorporation as a method of carrying on business as compared to sole proprietorship and partnership.
Q2) Indicate three advantages to incorporation.
Q3) A real estate agent,by virtue of his fiduciary duty to his principal,is not allowed to buy the property being sold by his principal without full disclosure to and consent from his principal.The real estate agent does not want to disclose that he is the buyer of the property,so he forms a corporation and takes an offer to his principal from the corporation.Based on these facts,which of the following is true if the principal finds out the corporation/buyer is owned by the real estate agent and objects to the contract?
A)The court would enforce the contract because the corporation is a separate legal entity in the eyes of the law.
B)The court would enforce the contract because this is not a direct breach of the agent's fiduciary duty.
C)The court would not enforce the contract and would "lift the corporate veil."
D)The court would dissolve the corporation.
E)The court would enforce the contract,but the principal would be able to claim any profits from the agent when he took them out of the corporation.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Employment
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Q1) Why is the distinction between employment and an independent contract important?
A)An independent contractor cannot be sure that he will be paid.
B)An employee has the right to wages.
C)An employee can bind the employer in a contract he enters into on behalf of the employer.
D)An employer may be held responsible for torts committed by the employee.
E)Employees can withdraw their services.
Q2) Prejudice or bias exercised against a person or class for the purpose of correcting a pattern of discrimination against another person or class is known as ________.
Q3) As managers and other executives owe a fiduciary duty to their employer,they may find themselves somewhat restricted in what they can do even after they leave their employment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How is certification obtained?
Q5) When an employee is dismissed for just cause,he is entitled to reasonable notice or pay in lieu of notice.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Intellectual Property
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Q1) Identify the impact the Internet and other forms of electronic communication have had on intellectual property.
Q2) Joe wanted to start up a restaurant business.He did some research and found out McDonald's had not properly registered its trademark,the golden arches,in his particular area.Joe used a similar pair of arches over his restaurant and started business.Explain any danger he might face.
Q3) What is meant by a permanent injunction?
Q4) It is possible for a trademark name to lose its status through common use.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Industrial Design Act requires registration,within three years of its publication,of a unique shape,pattern,or ornament.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is an interlocutory injunction?
Q7) What kinds of things are protected as industrial designs?
Q8) "In Canada,copyright always resides with the author of the material." Discuss the accuracy of this statement.
Q9) Explain what is meant by an ex parte procedure and give an example.
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Chapter 14: Real and Personal Property and Protection of the Environment
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Q1) Discuss the various obligations of bailees when looking after the property of others.
Q2) When a person buys property but under the title is prevented from building certain types of structures or carrying on certain types of activities at that location,this is called
Q3) Joe borrowed his neighbour Sam's lawnmower.At the same time,Sam asked Joe to look after a valuable camera for him while he was on vacation.Explain in relation to which of these items Joe has a higher duty to be careful.
Q4) Distinguish between real property and other forms of property.
Q5) Candice tells you she has "sublet" her property.What does this mean?
Q6) An estate in the land describes a person's right to the exclusive possession and use of that land.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Indicate what is meant by real property.
Q8) Distinguish between an easement and a right of way.
Page 16
Q9) What is the lessor's obligation to ensure quiet enjoyment?
Q10) What is meant by the term "distress" in the context of landlord-tenant relations?
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Page 17
Chapter 15: Priority of Creditors
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Q1) Which of the following is a goal of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act?
A)To determine the process by which debtors convey their assets to a trustee in bankruptcy who distributes them to the creditors
B)To provide an alternative to criminal charges
C)To allow persons with impossible burdens of debt to discharge all of their debts
D)To protect the interests of debtors
E)To help incorporated companies after discharge to carry on without the same burden of debt
Q2) Some debtors can submit a reorganization proposal to avoid bankruptcy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The practice of paying out one creditor over another is known as fraudulent preference.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Who is responsible for repossessing the goods?
Q5) Explain what happens when the owner of property fails to hold back the appropriate amount when making payments to the general contractor.
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Chapter 16: Sales and Consumer Protection
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Q1) The protection of consumers is solely a provincial responsibility.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Consumer protection legislation falls exclusively under federal jurisdiction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the options that are available to the victim of a breach of a condition in the contract.
Q4) When the sale of goods is involved and a specific price has not been agreed upon,a reasonable price must be paid.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Industry Canada was established under the Department of Industry Act.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain what is meant by a "cooling-off period."
Q7) Compare assignment of contractual rights with negotiation of a negotiable instrument,indicating the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Q8) Define the mission of the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act.
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