Industrial and Organizational Psychology
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Course Introduction
Industrial and Organizational Psychology explores the application of psychological principles and research methods to the workplace with the goal of improving productivity, enhancing employee well-being, and optimizing human capital. This course examines topics such as personnel selection, training and development, performance appraisal, motivation, leadership, job satisfaction, organizational culture, and workplace diversity. Through a combination of theory, case studies, and practical exercises, students gain insight into how psychological concepts can address real-world challenges and contribute to effective human resource management and organizational effectiveness.
Recommended Textbook
Organizational Behavior 6th Edition by Steven
McShane
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15 Chapters
1662 Verified Questions
1662 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To help Allison understand some preliminary information about OB,which of these statements about the field is true?
A) Organizational behavior scholars give more importance to individual characteristics than structural characteristics.
B) The field of organizational behavior is independent of the concepts and theories from other fields of inquiry.
C) Organizational behavior emerged as a distinct field late in the 1990s.
D) Given the specific utility of the field, OB is useful for the managers in the organizations and not the employees.
E) Organizational behavior scholars study what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations.
Answer: E
Q2) The field of organizational behavior relies on qualitative rather than quantitative research to understand organizational phenomena.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Individual Behavior, Personality, and Values
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Our habitual behavior tends to be consistent with our values,but our everyday conscious decisions and actions apply our values much less consistently.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) _____ characterizes people who are quiet,shy,and cautious.
A) Introversion
B) Openness to experience
C) Conscientiousness
D) Neuroticism
E) Agreeableness
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following explicitly identifies neuroticism?
A) MARS model
B) Schwartz's values model
C) Five-factor model of personality
D) Holland's theory of vocational choice
E) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Perceiving Ourselves and Others in Organizations
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person's annual performance evaluation is heavily influenced by performance results of the last month.This is an example of recency effect.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The tendency to attribute the behavior of other people to internal factors more than external factors is called the:
A) recency bias.
B) projection bias.
C) fundamental attribution error.
D) primacy effect.
E) self-serving bias.
Answer: C
Q3) The self-fulfilling prophecy helps supervisors accurately predict the future performance of recently hired employees.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Workplace Emotions, Attitudes, and Stress
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Job sharing and telecommuting are usually considered ways to reduce stress through work/life balance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Many companies try to create positive experiences at work.Which of the following is the major reason for this?
A) It is mandatory for a multi-national company to have such work-conditions.
B) Work conditions can have an emotional influence on employee attitudes.
C) In order to promote an image of increased corporate social responsibility.
D) As part of the green marketing campaign which is popular around the world.
E) This would help the employers form a cognitive dissonance with the employees.
Q3) Social awareness,self-management,and relationship management are three elements of:
A) affective commitment.
B) emotional labor.
C) emotional intelligence.
D) continuance commitment.
E) the affect circumplex model of emotions.
Q4) Briefly explain and distinguish between the two forms of organizational commitment.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Foundations of Employee Motivation
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following theories suggests that employee motivation is influenced by what other people contribute to and receive from the organization?
A) Expectancy theory
B) Equity theory
C) Needs-based theory
D) Need theory
E) Goal setting theory
Q2) People learn not only by observing others but also by imitating and practicing those behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following components are enhanced by individualizing rewards?
A) Performance expectancies
B) E-to-O expectancies
C) Valences of outcomes
D) E-to-P expectancies
E) V-to-E outcomes
Q4) Explain the four types of consequences identified by organizational behavior modification or OB Mod.
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Chapter 6: Foundations of Employee Motivation
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the job characteristics model,experienced meaningfulness increases with the level of job feedback.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Briefly explain the benefits and problems of job specialization.
Q3) A high degree of autonomy,task identity,and task significance are important conditions for:
A) job specialization.
B) competency-based pay.
C) empowerment.
D) scientific management.
E) piece rate system.
Q4) Which of the following is an individual incentive?
A) Gainsharing plan
B) Piece rate plan
C) Share option
D) Share ownership
E) Employee stock ownership plan
Q5) Briefly describe some of the important strategies for improving reward effectiveness.
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Chapter 7: Decision Making and Creativity
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to bounded rationality theory,people make the best decisions when their perceptions are "bounded" or framed by past experience.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following involves listing different dimensions of a system and the elements of each dimension and then looking at each combination?
A) Cross pollination
B) Impromptu storytelling
C) Redefining the problem
D) Morphological analysis
E) Illumination
Q3) Describe the rational choice paradigm of decision making.
Q4) Employees are more committed to implementing a solution when they are involved in making the decision.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is intuition? What are its major implications in decision making?
Q6) Describe the four stages of the creative process.
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Chapter 8: Team Dynamics
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Self-directed work teams plan,organize,and control activities with little or no direct involvement of supervisors.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The nominal group technique tends to produce more and better ideas than do traditional interacting groups.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Diversity among team members tends to undermine cohesion.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In which decision-making structure do participants typically meet,but only interact with each other for part of the meeting?
A) Delphi method
B) Nominal group technique
C) Brainstorming
D) Constructive conflict
E) Electronic brainstorming
Q5) Describe the distinctive features of a typical self-directed team.
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Chapter 9: Communicating in Teams and Organizations
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What effect does emotional contagion have on the communication process?
A) It distorts the communication process and causes dissatisfaction to all the parties involved.
B) It provides feedback to the sender that the receiver understands and empathizes with the message.
C) It reduces the level of actual communication among colleagues.
D) It makes it more difficult for the receiver to receive emotional meaning of the sender's experience.
E) It forms a strong communication barrier between the sender and the receiver.
Q2) Most information technologies require less social etiquette and attention,so employees can easily multi-communicate.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Maintaining eye contact to show interest in someone's conversation is one of the few forms of nonverbal communication that transmits common meaning across all cultures.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the common gender differences observed in communication?
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Chapter 10: Power and Influence in the Workplace
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ involves actively applying legitimate and coercive power to influence others.
A) Assertiveness
B) Upward appeal
C) Persuasion
D) Coalition forming
E) Information control
Q2) Machiavellian values help employees to recognize and avoid using political tactics in organizational settings.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Referent power is mainly developed through a person's interpersonal skills.
A)True
B)False
Q4) People might gain power by convincing others that they have something of value.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Exaggerating one's résumé is a form of the influence tactic of persuasion.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an advantage of having moderate levels of organizational conflicts?
A) It helps reduce organizational politics.
B) It boosts employee motivation.
C) It promotes organizational communication.
D) It energizes people to evaluate alternatives.
E) It reduces distorted perceptions and stereotypes.
Q2) Negotiators who make the first offer have the advantage of creating a position around which subsequent negotiations are anchored.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The problem-solving interpersonal style of conflict has:
A) high assertiveness and low cooperativeness.
B) high assertiveness and high cooperativeness.
C) low assertiveness and high cooperativeness.
D) low assertiveness and low cooperativeness.
E) medium assertiveness and medium cooperativeness.
Q4) Distinguish between constructive conflicts and relationship conflicts.
Q5) Write a short note on choosing the best conflict handling style.
Q6) List the various structural approaches to conflict management.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Leadership in Organizational Settings
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Charismatic leadership refers more to a set of behaviors that engage followers toward a better future,whereas transformational leadership refers mainly to personal traits that provide referent power over followers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The competency (trait) perspective of leadership:
A) is one of the most recently studied perspectives of leadership.
B) is no longer accepted as an approach to understanding leadership in organizations. C) takes a contingency approach by identifying the best leadership competencies under different conditions.
D) holds the view that leaders' competency is dependent on the situation.
E) presents the view that certain personal characteristics distinguish great leaders from the rest of us.
Q3) The behavioral perspective of leadership focuses on the effectiveness of participative and achievement-oriented leadership styles.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Designing Organizational Structures
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109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following organizational design elements determines the sharing of resources and encourages coordination through informal communication?
A) Span of control
B) Formalization
C) Centralization
D) Departmentalization
E) Standardization
Q2) Job description helps improve quality and consistency of a product or service by standardizing work activities.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The more integrated the environment,the more the firm would benefit from a divisionalized form of departmentalization.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Network structures come close to the perfect example of a mechanistic organizational structure.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Organizational Culture
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following organizational culture dimension is characterized by competitiveness and a low emphasis on social responsibility?
A) Stability
B) Innovation
C) Outcome orientation
D) Aggressiveness
E) Respect for people
Q2) Artifacts provide valuable evidence about a company's culture.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In order to be effective,organizational stories must describe real people and recount true past events.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Organizational socialization is the process by which individuals create social norms to interact within the organization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are artifacts? Explain the four broad categories of artifacts:
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Chapter 15: Organizational Change
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101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Future search events minimize resistance to change with little or no involvement from employees.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A unique feature of appreciative inquiry is that it breaks away from the problem-solving mentality by reframing relationships around what is positive and possible.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Communication should be applied to reduce resistance to change where the change must occur quickly with little financial cost.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Resistance worsens procedural justice.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the various reasons due to which employees resist change.
Q6) What are the major advantages of using a pilot project?
Q7) Briefly describe any two appreciative inquiry principles.
Q8) Explain the six strategies for reducing the restraining forces.
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