Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Question Bank
Course Introduction
Industrial and Organizational Psychology explores the application of psychological principles and research methods to the workplace in order to improve both employee well-being and organizational effectiveness. This course examines topics such as personnel selection, training and development, performance appraisal, motivation, leadership, work teams, occupational health, and job satisfaction. Students learn how psychological theories can be used to address real-world issues in employee recruitment, workplace diversity, organizational culture, and productivity. The course also covers ethical considerations and recent developments in the field, preparing students to analyze and positively influence human behavior in organizational settings.
Recommended Textbook
Canadian Organizational Behaviour 9th Edition by Steven McShane
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15 Chapters
2919 Verified Questions
2919 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behaviour
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166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The study of OB wasn't formally organized until the 1970s.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q2) According to recent surveys about one-third of Canadians would take a pay cut to improve their work-life balance.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) Which organizational behaviour perspective discusses inputs,outputs,and feedback?
A)Mechanistic perspective
B)Open systems perspective
C)Goal-attainment perspective
D)Organizational learning perspective
E)Stakeholder perspective
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Individual Behaviour, Personality, and Values
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206 Verified Questions
206 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Moral sensitivity is the degree to which an issue demands the application of ethical principles.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following statements about personality is FALSE?
A)One's personality becomes more hidden over time.
B)Personality is heavily influenced by heredity.
C)Personality is influenced by both nature and nurture.
D)On average,when people reach the age of 30 personality stabilizes.
E)Some personality development and change occurs when people are young.
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following ensures that job incumbents have appropriate aptitudes to perform the job?
A)Hire applicants with appropriate aptitudes to begin with.
B)Train employees so they develop appropriate aptitudes.
C)Motivate employees to have appropriate aptitudes.
D)Provide resources that allow employees to perform their jobs.
E)Educate incumbents so they can learn appropriate attitudes.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Perceiving Ourselves and Others in Organizations
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198 Verified Questions
198 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following helps managers to increase their empathy with subordinates?
A)Managers should work together in executive offices away from their employees.
B)Managers should use formal written media (e.g.memos,reports)rather than face-to-face interaction when communicating new directives to employees.
C)Managers who occasionally work in their subordinates' jobs along with their employees.
D)Managers should take a training program where they learn about primacy and recency effects.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Answer: C
Q2) The first step in a self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when the observer acts differently towards people with whom he or she has high expectations than towards those with whom he or she has low expectations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Workplace Emotions, Attitudes, and Stress
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249 Verified Questions
249 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bullying,and other actions that affect an employee's dignity are forms of psychological harassment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Anger,fear,joy,and sadness represent:
A)beliefs that influence our attitudes towards something or someone.
B)the first four stages of emotional labour.
C)types of emotions.
D)four dimensions of job satisfaction.
E)beliefs that influence our attitudes towards something or someone and types of emotions.
Q3) To ward off stress,a film director likes to have a good laugh.When under pressure,the director will crack jokes and ensure everyone has a good laugh during the hard work.These actions mainly reduce stress:
A)by removing the stressor.
B)by providing social support.
C)by changing stress perceptions.
D)by controlling the consequences of stress.
E)in none of the ways stated herE.
Q4) Explain how an employee's attitudes might be affected by cognitive dissonance.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Foundations of Employee Motivation
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Maslow's needs hierarchy theory incorporates only five basic categories.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Suppose that you supervise two-dozen sales representatives,covering every region of the country,from your office at company headquarters.Describe a feedback strategy that might improve the performance of these employees with respect to increasing sales to new clients.
Q3) Effective feedback:
A)is general enough that it applies to any employee.
B)is provided only through social sources.
C)is provided no more frequently than once every three months.
D)All of the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers apply.
Q4) One of the most common consequences of overreward inequity is that overpaid employees try to increase their inputs by working harder.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why is it such a challenge for employers to maintain feelings of equity among employees?
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Chapter 6: Applied Performance Practices
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Scientific management is the process of systematically dividing work into its smallest possible elements and standardizing work activities to achieve maximum efficiency.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following tends to create an ''ownership culture'' and align employee behaviours more closely to organizational objectives?
A)Job evaluation
B)Commissions
C)Share option plans
D)Employee share ownership plans
E)Stock option plans and employee stock ownership plans
Q3) One problem with empowerment is that it tends to make employees less responsive to the company's needs and objectives.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Mental imagery is one of the most beneficial outcomes of job enrichment.
A)True
B)False
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Decision Making and Creativity
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) At what stage of the rational choice decision making model would we consider whether the decision is programmed or nonprogrammed?
A)Identifying the problem or opportunity.
B)Choosing the most appropriate decision process.
C)Developing alternative solutions.
D)Choosing the best alternative.
E)Evaluating decision outcomes.
Q2) According to almost all organizational behaviour research,intuitive decision making causes us to make wrong decisions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Recent studies of human decision making conclude that which of the following ultimately energizes us to select the preferred choice?
A)Logic
B)Emotions
C)An implicit favourite
D)Creativity
E)Intuition
Q4) Describe the rational choice paradigm of decision making.
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Chapter 8: Team Dynamics
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276 Verified Questions
276 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a dysfunctional norm is very deeply ingrained,the best strategy is probably to: A)tell the group that corporate leaders are willing to tolerate the dysfunctional norm.
B)disband the group and replace it with people having more favourable norms.
C)supplement the existing group with one or two people having more favourable norms.
D)introduce rewards that further support the dysfunctional norm.
E)do nothing.
Q2) As predictors of team performance,ambassador and task coordination activities are both positively related.
A)True
B)False
Q3) There are four distinct phases in the punctuated equilibrium model of team development.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Taskwork represents the technical performance of the team's task.
A)True
B)False
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10
Chapter 9: Communicating in Organizations Revised
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167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Information overload occurs when a person's information-processing capacity exceeds the job's information load.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Empathy is explicitly identified in:
A)the communication process model.
B)the active speaker model.
C)the active listening model.
D)all of these models.
E)none of these models.
Q3) According to the communication process model,communication begins with encoding the message,then sending it.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Media richness refers to the financial cost of using the medium relative to its frequency of use in the organization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Should companies try to eliminate grapevine communication? Explain your answer.
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Chapter 10: Power and Influence in the Workplace
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182 Verified Questions
182 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People who have more power over others tend to engage in more automatic rather than mindful thinking.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Social capital tends to be diluted with the number of network ties.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How we dress and the way we behave politely towards others represents a type of influence strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Extreme forms of assertiveness include blackmailing colleagues.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following is the LEAST forceful influence tactic?
A)Impression management (ingratiation)
B)Assertiveness
C)Upward appeal
D)Silent authority
E)Information control
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Chapter 11: Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace
Revised
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To be more effective,managers should:
A)try to increase the amount of conflict among employees.
B)successfully remove conflict from the organization,because it saps productivity.
C)remove manifest conflict as well as negative conflict outcomes even though the sources of conflict remain in place.
D)convince employees that conflict should be avoideD.
E)encourage task conflict for better decision making and minimize relationship conflict.
Q2) Conflict begins when two parties experience manifest conflict.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Focusing employees on superordinate goals is particularly useful where conflict is caused by goal incompatibility and differentiation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Poor communication skills partly explain why conflict occurs in the workplace.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Leadership in Organizational Settings
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183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these statements about shared leadership is FALSE?
A)It suggests that leadership is plural,not singular.
B)Shared leadership lacks formal authority.
C)Shared leadership calls for a collaborative organizational culture.
D)Shared leadership is a concept rooted in socialism and the cooperative movement.
E)A US government leader who introduced Medicare and public broadcasting once wrote that the "vitality" of large organizations depends on shared leadership.
Q2) Effective transformational leaders "walk the talk" by making meeting agendas,work schedules and other executive symbols,patterns and settings more consistent with the strategic vision.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Servant leadership research suffers from ambiguous and conflicting definitions. A)True
B)False
Q4) Leadership prototypes are preconceived beliefs about our own abilities to lead.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Designing Organizational Structures
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) For many years,Quokka Consumer Ltd.has had a geographic divisionalized organizational structure.Now,the company is rethinking the appropriateness of this structure compared to other divisionalized structures.Provide three reasons why companies such as Quokka might want to move away from the geographic structure.
Q2) Which organizational structure actually consists of several organizations?
A)Divisionalized structure
B)Functional structure
C)Simple structure
D)Matrix structure
E)Network structure
Q3) Larger organizations tend to:
A)make greater use of standardization than do smaller firms.
B)have similar structures to smaller organizations.
C)operate without any form of departmentalization for long periods of time.
D)have all of these characteristics.
E)have none of these characteristics.
Q4) Standardizing processes is less effective in nonroutine and complex work.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What role does organizational strategy play in designing organizations?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Organizational Culture
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184 Verified Questions
184 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Every organization should discourage "tribal storytellers" since they are typically unproductive workers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Employees usually learn which of the following through the process of organizational socialization?
A)Company history.
B)Corporate culture.
C)Knowing who holds power in the work unit and organization.
D)Technical jargon.
E)All of these are correct.
Q3) A friend is thinking about applying for a technical or managerial job opportunity at a large computer network firm.However,past experience has made your friend aware that it is important to ensure that the company's dominant values are aligned with his or her own.Identify three (3)different types of artifacts that your friend should consider when deciphering the culture of the computer network firm.Your friend is a job applicant,so your answer should relate to the experience of being recruited into an organization.
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16
Chapter 15: Organizational Change
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155 Verified Questions
155 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The philosophy of positive organizational behaviour provided a deep grounding for:
A)parallel learning structures.
B)action research.
C)appreciative inquiry.
D)force field analysis.
E)Positive organizational behaviour is deeply grounded in none of these practices.
Q2) The best way to manage resistance to change among those who will clearly lose out from the change is to introduce coercion practices.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The action research approach to organizational change states:
A)that change interventions should be well-established rather than experimental.
B)that change is a combination of luck and past experience.
C)that the change process should focus on the positive by ignoring the problems.
D)that change is most effective when controlled and decided exclusively by top management.
E)The action research approach states none of thesE.
Q4) Outline the organizational change process based on the action research approach.
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