Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Industrial and Organizational Psychology explores the application of psychological principles and research methods to the workplace with the goal of improving employee performance, organizational effectiveness, and worker well-being. The course covers key topics such as personnel selection, training and development, motivation, job satisfaction, leadership, group dynamics, organizational culture, and occupational health. Students learn to analyze workplace behavior, develop evidence-based strategies for addressing human resource challenges, and apply psychological theories to real-world organizational problems, preparing them for careers in human resources, management, consulting, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Organizational Behaviour Understanding and Managing Life at Work 10th Edition by Gary Johns
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15 Chapters
3842 Verified Questions
3842 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Organizational Behaviour and Management
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213 Verified Questions
213 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain what evidence-based management involves and give an example. Answer: Evidence-based management involves translating principles based on the best scientific evidence into organizational practices.An example: The director of a health care system recalls the principle that human beings can process only a limited amount of information.And,thus,he works on redesigning a feedback system that provides feedback on a small set of critical performance indicators using terms people readily understand.
Q2) What is corporate social responsibility and what does it have to do with organizational behaviour?
Answer: Corporate social responsibility refers to an organization taking responsibility for the impact of its decisions and actions on its stakeholders.Many CSR issues are associated with organizational behaviour (treating employees fairly,creating a positive work environment and employee well-being,having a diverse workforce,encouraging work-family balance,and employment equity).Thus,organizational behaviour plays an important role in CSR,and organizational behaviour programs and practices are necessary for CSR.
Q3) Canada's top CEOs believe that ________ has become their number one priority. Answer: retaining employees
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Chapter 2: Personality and Learning
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254 Verified Questions
254 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interpersonal skills include skills such as communicating,teamwork,and conflict resolution.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Altruism is one of the "Big Five" personality dimensions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Personality will have the most impact in which situation?
A)Weak situations of loosely defined roles with few rules
B)Strong situations with well defined roles, rules, and contingencies
C)Both weak and strong situations.
D)Situations of medium strength
E)Weak situations with well defined roles, rules, and contingencies
Answer: A
Q4) Under self-regulation,employees in effect reinforce themselves.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Perception, Attribution, and Diversity
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240 Verified Questions
240 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interviews are more likely to be structured when
A)the interviewer has a great deal of experience interviewing.
B)the interviewer has worked for the same company for many years.
C)the interviewer focuses on selection rather than recruitment.
D)the interviewer focuses on recruitment rather than selection.
E)the interviewer focuses on recruitment and selection.
Answer: C
Q2) If I make a situational attribution about your behaviour,I am more likely to reward you or punish you than if I make a dispositional attribution.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) A friend of yours has just had an interview and was so impressed with the way she was treated that she is convinced that the organization must be a great place to work.This is a good example of ________.
Answer: signalling theory
Q4) A(n)________ attribution is most likely to be made when consistency is high and consensus and distinctiveness are low.
Answer: dispositional
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Chapter 4: Values,Attitudes,and Work Behaviour
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258 Verified Questions
258 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best represents the relationship between personality and job satisfaction?
A)People high in self-esteem and neuroticism are more satisfied.
B)People high in self-esteem and neuroticism are less satisfied.
C)People high in self-esteem and external locus of control are more satisfied.
D)People with internal locus of control and high in neuroticism are more satisfied.
E)People high in self-esteem and internal locus of control are more satisfied.
Q2) What job satisfaction facets does the Job Descriptive Index measure?
A)Work, security, people, pay, promotions
B)Work, security, people, rewards, promotions
C)Work, supervision, people, rewards, promotions
D)Work, supervision, people, pay, promotions
E)Security, people, pay, rewards, promotions
Q3) Baby boomers are more accepting of diversity than the other generations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ________ are intense,often short-lived,feelings caused by a particular event.
Q5) What is cultural distance and why should organizations be concerned about it? What are the benefits of being exposed to distant cultures?
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Chapter 5: Theories of Work Motivation
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251 Verified Questions
251 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ theory of motivation seeks to help a person understand whether their motivation is either autonomous or controlled.
A)equity
B)goal setting
C)expectancy
D)ERG
E)self-determination
Q2) Valence is the expected value of outcomes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The text defines performance as the extent to which persistent effort is directed towards a goal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Gina sees herself as having identical job outcomes to Rob but having fewer inputs than Rob.According to equity theory,Gina should feel a sense of inequity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Goal orientation is a stable ________.
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Chapter 6: Motivation in Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the factors that an organization needs to consider when choosing to implement a motivational practice.
Q2) June works a compressed workweek.This means that she works fewer total hours a week than normal.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Research on financial incentives and pay-for-performance plans have found that they
A)increase performance but have no effect on turnover.
B)increase performance and lower turnover.
C)lower performance and lower turnover.
D)lower performance and increase turnover.
E)have no effect on performance or turnover.
Q4) ________ is an elaborate,on going,systematic program designed to facilitate goal establishment,goal accomplishment,and employee development.
Q5) Describe how you would design a job in accordance with relational job design and provide an example of such a job.
Q6) ________ are used to tie pay to performance on white-collar jobs.
Q7) Whole Foods is noted for its policy when it comes to pay ________.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Groups and Teamwork
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217 Verified Questions
217 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Collective ________ consists of shared beliefs that a team can successfully perform a given task.
Q2) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)The "class clown" fills an emergent role in his or her school.
B)People with similar attitudes are less likely to form a group than those with different attitudes.
C)A group has at least three members.
D)Moving a heavy crate is a disjunctive task.
E)Equity norms allocate rewards equally to everyone in the group.
Q3) Temporarily organized groups that are formed to achieve particular goals or solve particular problems are called
A)work groups.
B)task forces.
C)committees.
D)informal groups.
E)self-managed teams.
Q4) What does it mean when a project team is comprised of members with shared mental models? Please explain and provide a clear example.Why is it more challenging to have shared mental models in cross-functional teams?
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Chapter 8: Social Influence, Socialization, and Organizational Culture
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248 Verified Questions
248 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe several tactics which newcomers can employ to be proactive during the socialization process.
Q2) When HBC acquired 50 Towers department stores almost every Towers store manager quit because of differences in the way managers are treated.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If I conform to your wishes because I admire you and see myself as similar to you,I am conforming due to ________.
Q4) Realistic job previews are perceived by job applicants as more honest and trustworthy.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How do mentors help improve the self-confidence and career potential of their apprentices?
Q6) Organizations that carefully select new members for certain attributes and characteristics are more likely to use the divestiture tactic than the investiture tactic. A)True B)False
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Leadership
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316 Verified Questions
316 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of the Big Five dimensions of personality,extraversion and conscientiousness are the most consistent predictors of leadership effectiveness.
A)True
B)False
Q2) After becoming the CEO of a large financial company,the CEO told a journalist that humility and stewardship are important components of his leadership style because he is a ________ leader.
Q3) Which of the following leaders is a good example of an authentic leader?
A)Michael McCain
B)Bonnie Brooks
C)Kathy Bardswick
D)Elyse Allan
E)Linda Hasenfratz
Q4) Any organizational member can exert influence and engage in leadership.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe empowering leadership and explain the effect it has on employees.
Q6) The ________ leader decisively changes the beliefs and attitudes of followers to correspond to his or her new vision.
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Chapter 10: Communication
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270 Verified Questions
270 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Telus employs an enterprise social media platform.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Employees who are agreeable and extraverted are more likely to speak up. A)True
B)False
Q3) Cross-culturally,people are probably best at decoding basic,simple ________ in facial expressions.
Q4) Psychological safety is important for A)cross-cultural communication. B)voice.
C)the grapevine.
D)upward communication.
E)downward communication.
Q5) Voice is a form of organizational citizenship behaviour. A)True
B)False
Q6) Suggestion systems are designed to enhance ________ communication.
Q7) Employees who are conscientious and ________ are most likely to speak up.
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Q8) Discuss three techniques that an organization can use to improve communication.
Chapter 11: Decision Making
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240 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) If group pressure leads to reduced mental efficiency,poor reality testing,and lax moral judgments,________ has probably occurred.
Q2) ________ and Facebook are two companies that have profited greatly from applying sophisticated analytics to big data to facilitate decisions about targeted advertising.
Q3) What is crowdsourcing and how can it aid decision making?
Q4) Which of the following is another name for a programmed problem solution technique?
A)Rules
B)Routines
C)Rules of thumb
D)Standard operating procedures
E)All of the above
Q5) Crowdsourcing refers to
A)outsourcing aspects of a decision process to a large collection of people.
B)hiring experts to assist in the decision process.
C)using groups to participate in the decision process.
D)outsourcing aspects of a decision process to decision making experts.
E)outsourcing aspects of a decision process to a small collection of experts.
Q6) The perfect prototype for ________ is the Economic Person.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Power, Politics, and Ethics
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226 Verified Questions
226 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What percentage of Canadians who experience sexual harassment at work do NOT report the behaviour?
A)55%
B)78%
C)83%
D)92%
E)48%
Q2) Centrality in the work flow reduces the power of an organizational subunit.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Research indicates that women are much more likely to be ethical than men. A)True
B)False
Q4) Those high in self-esteem and extraversion are more likely to engage in networking behaviours.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Effective managers are generally viewed as being high in coercive power. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Conflict and Stress
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315 Verified Questions
315 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Jerome asked Larry about his new job,he was surprised to learn that Larry's co-workers have been teasing him and sabotaging his tools and equipment.What is this an example of?
A)Sexual harassment
B)Interpersonal conflict
C)Relationship conflict
D)Bullying
E)Avoiding
Q2) Men are more likely to report emotional exhaustion and depersonalization than women.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to the job demands-resources model,the work environment can be described in terms of demands and resources.Which of the following features would NOT be considered a job demand?
A)Physical feature
B)Social feature
C)Psychological feature
D)Organizational feature
E)Academic feature
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Chapter 14: Organizational Structure
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287 Verified Questions
287 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The book states that there is general agreement among experts that exploration and its quest for innovation require a more ________ structure.
A)mechanistic
B)organic
C)formal
D)closed
E)open
Q2) Size is associated with increased ________.
Q3) Ambidexterity provides great pressure for differentiation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following would NOT be classed as a strategic alliance?
A)Company A buys company B.
B)Company A enters into a research consortium with company B.
C)Company A enters into a close arrangement with its unique supplier, company B.
D)Company A engages in a joint venture with company B.
E)Company A enters into a close arrangement with the union representing its workers.
Q5) The ________ organizational theorists tended to favour mechanistic structures.
Q6) In general,bigger organizations are more decentralized and ________.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Organizational Change,Development,and Innovation
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261 Verified Questions
261 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Innovative ideas can be extracted from the external environment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Activities or work that the organization must accomplish to create outputs that customers value are referred to as
A)job titles.
B)organization departments.
C)outcomes.
D)processes.
E)small gains.
Q3) Organizational change is much more likely to occur in a ________ organization.
Q4) Learning organizations are almost 100 percent more likely to have higher overall levels of profitability than those organizations not rated as learning organizations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Designing a new product is a process innovation.
A)True
B)False
Q6) ________ are especially likely to stimulate unfreezing.
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