Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Industrial and Organizational Psychology explores the application of psychological principles and research methods to the workplace, focusing on both individual and group behavior within organizations. This course examines topics such as personnel selection, training and development, performance appraisal, motivation, job satisfaction, leadership, organizational culture, and occupational health. Students will learn how psychological theories and practices are used to enhance employee well-being and organizational effectiveness, address workplace challenges, and improve productivity through evidence-based strategies. The course also covers ethical and legal considerations relevant to industrial and organizational settings.
Recommended Textbook
Human Resource Management 12th Edition by Gary Dessler
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18 Chapters
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Resource Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Functional authority is the authority exerted by an HR manager as coordinator of personnel activities.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Which of the following responsibilities is shared by line managers and human resource managers in most firms?
A) preemployment testing
B) college recruiting
C) benefits administration
D) initial screening interviews
E) performance appraisals
Answer: E
Q3) Unlike HR managers of the past,modern HR managers must be able to ________.
A) assist with employee training in various departments within a firm
B) explain HR activities in terms of a firm's finances and productivity
C) determine the most appropriate compensation for employees
D) develop and implement a firm's long-term business strategies
E) hire workers who are well-matched to a firm's HR needs
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Equal Opportunity and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) To prove sexual harassment,it is necessary to show that the harassment had tangible consequences such as demotion or termination.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following is most likely an example of a discriminatory selection standard?
A) measuring a software designer applicant's knowledge about a computer language
B) requiring a high school teacher applicant to have a four-year college degree
C) collecting work history information from a managerial applicant
D) requiring engineer applicants to meet specific height standards
E) asking prison guard applicants to reveal their arrest records
Answer: D
Q3) Employers frequently use a bona fide occupation qualification as a defense against charges of intentional discrimination based on gender rather than factors such as age or religion.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Manager's Role in Strategic Human
Resource Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are services that human resource consulting companies provide during mergers and acquisitions EXCEPT ________.
A) aligning compensation programs
B) overseeing database recovery systems
C) developing change management plans
D) designing and implementing staffing models
E) managing employee communications strategies
Answer: B
Q2) The specific human resource policies and practices used to support a firm's strategic goals are known as human resource strategies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) According to goal-setting studies,assigned goals rather than participatively set goals consistently result in increased employee performance and reduced employee resistance.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Job Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interviews for the purpose of collecting job analysis data will most likely address all of the following topics EXCEPT ________.
A) hazardous conditions
B) primary work duties
C) required education
D) necessary experience
E) personal hobbies
Q2) Which of the following Web sites was developed by the U.S.Department of Labor and serves as a source for managers who need to write job descriptions?
A) bls.gov
B) opm.gov
C) usajobs.gov
D) onetcenter.org
E) job description.com
Q3) What time-saving options are available to a busy manager who needs to conduct a job analysis and write job descriptions? Explain your answer in a brief essay.
Q4) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using interviews to collect job analysis data?
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Chapter 5: Personnel Planning and Recruiting
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Sample Questions
Q1) When firms prove that they will use the information on job application forms as a predictor of job performance,they are allowed under EEO laws to request information regarding an applicant's age and marital status.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An employer's computerized recruitment system should include all of the following elements EXCEPT ________.
A) hypertext transfer protocol to enable applicants to post their resumes in any format or font
B) requisition management systems to facilitate routing, approval, and posting of job openings
C) hiring management software to collect and manage candidate information
D) recruitment marketing to improve applicant pool quality
E) skills and behavioral assessment services
Q3) Offshoring means having outside vendors supply services that a firm's own employees previously did in-house,while outsourcing means having overseas outside vendors provide services once performed in-house.
A)True
B)False
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Employee Testing and Selection
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Q1) ________ is used as an estimate of reliability and involves administering a test with x number of items designed to assess a topic and then statistically analyzing the degree to which responses to the items vary together.
A) Retest estimate
B) Equivalent form estimate
C) Content validity estimate
D) Internal comparison estimate
E) Criterion validity estimate
Q2) According to a survey conducted by the American Management Association,most employers who administer tests to applicants are measuring ________.
A) job skills
B) aptitudes
C) psychological behaviors
D) interpersonal behaviors
E) ethical opinions
Q3) Why are tests and other screening tools an important aspect of employee selection? What rights do test takers have during the testing process?
Q4) What is test validity? How are selection tests validated?
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Interviewing Candidates
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Sample Questions
Q1) An employer can most likely increase the reliability of a panel interview by
A) using an unstructured interview format
B) asking all candidates different puzzle questions
C) interviewing multiple candidates simultaneously
D) providing interviewers with scoring sheets and sample answers
E) requiring candidates to participate in work sampling techniques
Q2) Exit interviews follow a performance appraisal and focus on a discussion of the employee's rating and possible remedial actions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following terms refers to an interview conducted when an employee quits a firm?
A) situational interview
B) appraisal interview
C) selection interview
D) screening interview
E) exit interview
Q4) How do nonverbal behaviors and impression management affect an interview?
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Chapter 8: Training and Developing Employees
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies show that trainees are distracted by visual aids presented during training sessions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Lower-level managers who are given firsthand experience working on existing problems are being trained through the special assignments approach.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If an employer fails to train an employee adequately and an employee subsequently harms a third party,the court could find the employer liable for
A) negligent hiring
B) discrimination
C) negligent training
D) occupational fraud
E) hazardous training
Q4) What is programmed learning? What methods make it easier for trainees to transfer the skills they gain through programmed learning from the training site to the work site?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Performance Management and Appraisal
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which performance appraisal tool requires supervisors to categorize employees from best to worst on various traits?
A) digital dashboard
B) graphic rating scale
C) critical incident method
D) alternation ranking method
E) electronic performance monitoring
Q2) In a brief essay,describe the forced distribution method.What are the advantages and disadvantages of the forced distribution method?
Q3) Which of the following has most likely occurred when a supervisor conducting a performance appraisal is influenced by a subordinate's individual differences such as age,sex,and race?
A) bias
B) unclear standards
C) central tendency
D) halo affect
E) broadbanding
Q4) What is a behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)? How would a manager develop a BARS?
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Chapter 10: Coaching, Careers, and Talent Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reality shock can most likely be prevented by providing new employees with ________.
A) flexible schedules
B) performance appraisals
C) reassignments
D) accurate job previews
E) easy first jobs
Q2) Which of the following best explains the meaning of the term "glass ceiling"?
A) the lack of desire among women to pursue jobs with extreme levels of responsibility and authority
B) formal corporate policies that prevent women from receiving the training needed to advance their careers
C) spoken opinions by corporate leaders that women lack the knowledge and skills required for career advancement
D) structural yet subtle barriers in corporate environments that inhibit the rise of talented women to leadership positions
E) inadequate educational opportunities which ultimately limit the network opportunities available to women in the workforce
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Chapter 11: Establishing Strategic Pay Plans
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Sample Questions
Q1) The purpose of the wage curve is to ________.
A) show the relationship between the value of the job and the current average pay rates
B) equate jobs of similar difficulty or importance as established by job evaluation
C) choose benchmark jobs within each pay grade
D) cluster jobs into logical groupings
E) assign pay rates to pay grades
Q2) What are the two primary components of computer-aided job evaluations?
A) benchmark jobs and statistical models
B) compensable factors and benchmark jobs
C) grade definitions and factor comparisons
D) structured questionnaires and statistical models
E) structured questionnaires and grade definitions
Q3) Which of the following is used to anchor the employer's pay scale?
A) job aid
B) grades
C) job metric
D) benchmark job
E) human resource metric
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13
Chapter 12: Pay for Performance and Financial Incentives
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Vroom's theory of motivation,motivation is equal to E * I * V,where I represents
A) intrinsic needs
B) internalization
C) instrumentality
D) imperative action
E) incentives
Q2) Which of the following terms refers to an incentive plan that ties a group's pay to the firm's profitability?
A) piecework
B) variable pay
C) pay-for-performance
D) merit pay
E) sales commissions
Q3) In order for a firm to have an effective incentive plan,there should be a clear relationship between employee effort and quantity or quality of output.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using piecework as a pay plan?
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Chapter 13: Benefits and Services
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Q1) Which of the following terms refers to benefits for time not worked such as unemployment insurance,vacation and holiday pay,and sick pay?
A) supplemental pay benefits
B) employee assistance
C) financial incentives
D) premium benefits
E) merit pay
Q2) A primary benefit of 401(k)plans is that payments made by employees into the plan are pretax,so the employee pays no tax on those dollars until after he or she retires or withdraws the money.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Because health care coverage is one of the most expensive benefits employers provide,many employers are trying to cut costs.What are some strategies for minimizing costs associated with employee health care? How do employee leasing firms help small businesses lower their health insurance costs?
Q4) What policy issues must employers address when developing benefit plans? What federal laws influence employers' pension and health plans?
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Ethics, Justice, and Fair Treatment in HR Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following suggests that when a woman fails to act as anticipated,men and women will treat her more harshly than if a man had acted in the same manner?
A) glass ceiling
B) evil woman thesis
C) gender role error
D) self-serving bias
E) fundamental attribution error
Q2) Which of the following best defines organizational culture?
A) basic beliefs about what is right or wrong within a business or corporation
B) characteristic values, traditions, and behaviors a firm's employees share
C) principles of conduct governing an individual, group, or company
D) standards used by an organization to determine proper conduct
E) standards of behavior accepted by society and its businesses
Q3) The principal cause of ethical compromises is based on organizational pressure to meet a schedule or some other objective.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act? How has the legislation affected corporate ethics?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining
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Sample Questions
Q1) What percentage of eligible employees in a bargaining unit must sign authorization cards in order for the union to petition the NLRB for an election?
A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40
E) 50
Q2) What third-party interventions are available to handle an impasse during collective bargaining? Discuss each type of intervention in a brief essay.
Q3) The National Labor Relations Board was primarily established for the purpose of
A) establishing branches in right-to-work states
B) negotiating contracts on behalf of local unions
C) managing the membership of the AFL-CIO
D) investigating unfair labor practice charges
E) overseeing the establishment of local unions
Q4) What are the five unfair employer labor practices that the Wagner Act deemed unfair and considered "statutory wrongs"?
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Chapter 16: Employee Safety and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are considered vulnerable workers EXCEPT ________.
A) young workers
B) male workers
C) immigrant workers
D) women workers
E) aging workers
Q2) OSHA standards on respiratory protection require that employees ________.
A) recognize and repair faulty respiratory equipment
B) receive 8 hours of training in respiratory safety standards
C) demonstrate how to inspect, put on, and remove respirator seals
D) pass a written exam on safety inspections of respiratory equipment
E) teach co-workers how to inspect, put on, and remove respirator seals
Q3) Under the Americans with Disabilities Act,it is unlawful to inquire about an applicant's workers' compensation injuries and claims.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a brief essay,discuss the observable behaviors that may indicate an employee has an alcohol-related problem.Identify and describe the behavior associated with each stage of alcoholism.
Q5) What steps are involved in a basic industrial hygiene program?
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Managing Global Human Resources
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Q1) In many European countries,________ replace the union-based worker-management mediations typical in the U.S.
A) executive coaches
B) HR managers
C) corporate attorneys
D) work councils
E) bargaining units
Q2) In Germany,employees have the legal right to a voice in setting company policies.This is called ________.
A) codetermination
B) employment at will
C) internal coordination
D) grievance procedures
E) gainsharing
Q3) How can employers improve the chances of success for an expatriate? What are the benefits of providing training and development opportunities to expatriates during overseas assignments?
Q4) What are the HR challenges of conducting business on a global scale? How can firms effectively implement global HR management programs?
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Chapter 18: Managing Human Resources in Entrepreneurial
Firms
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Q1) Which of the following best explains why effective communication methods are essential to small businesses?
A) It is important to keep employees current on financial matters.
B) Managers lack the time to become familiar with all employees.
C) A few disgruntled employees can have a significant negative effect.
D) Informality and flexibility require managers to be prepared for change.
E) Limited investments in technology require small firm employees to adapt.
Q2) You are the owner of a small business and feel overwhelmed by the paperwork.You have decided to use a PEO.What are the issues you must address to determine which PEO is best for your company?
Q3) Which of the following terms refers to an outside vendor that manages HR functions for small businesses?
A) professional employer organization
B) human resource outsourcer
C) employee leasing firm
D) staff leasing firm
E) all of the above
Q4) What types of HR-related risks are faced by most small businesses? How can PEOs help small firms with these risks?
Page 20
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