Immunology
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Immunology is the study of the immune system, exploring the complex network of cells, tissues, and molecules that defend organisms against disease-causing agents. This course covers the fundamentals of innate and adaptive immunity, antigen recognition, immune cell development, and mechanisms of immune response. Students will examine immunological processes in health and disease, including allergies, autoimmunity, immunodeficiency, and the development of vaccines and immunotherapies. Emphasis is placed on understanding experimental approaches and the clinical implications of immunological research.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 5th Edition by Abul K. Abbas
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12 Chapters
183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1939 Page 2
Chapter 2: Introduction to the Immune System
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38631
Sample Questions
Q1) A standard treatment of animal bite victims,when there is a possibility that the animal was infected with the rabies virus,is administration of human immunoglobulin preparations containing anti-rabies virus antibodies.Which type of immunity would be established by this treatment?
A)Active humoral immunity
B)Passive humoral immunity
C)Active cell-mediated immunity
D)Passive cell-mediated immunity
E)Innate immunity
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
A)Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
B)Self-nonself discrimination
C)Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors
D)Protection against viral infections
E)Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the same microbe
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 3: Innate Immunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38632
Sample Questions
Q1) A 67-year-old homeless man is brought to the emergency department after being found behind a neighborhood bar in freezing weather.On arrival,he has a shaking chill,fever,and cough productive of blood-tinged sputum.A chest radiograph shows lobar consolidations consistent with bacterial pneumonia.Blood cultures are positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae.Which of the following molecular patterns recognized by Toll-like receptors expressed on the surface of this patient's phagocytes is important for activating his innate immune system against this gram-positive bacterial infection?
A)Peptidoglycan
B)Double-stranded RNA
C)Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
D)Lipoarabinomannan
E)Phosphatidylinositol dimannoside
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 4: Antigen Capture and Presentation to Lymphocytes
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38633
Sample Questions
Q1) In the class I MHC pathway of antigen presentation,peptides generated in the cytosol are translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum in which of the following ways?
A)By ATP-dependent transport via the transporter associated with antigen-processing (TAP)1/2 pump
B)By passive diffusion
C)By receptor-mediated endocytosis
D)Through membrane pores
E)Via the proteasome
Q2) Which of the following is the main criterion that determines whether a protein is processed and presented via the class I MHC pathway in an antigen-presenting cell (APC)?
A)Encoded by a viral gene
B)Present in an acidic vesicular compartment of the APC
C)Present in the cytosol of the APC
D)Internalized into the cell from the extracellular space
E)Small in size
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Chapter 5: Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38634
Sample Questions
Q1) Both CD28 and CTLA-4 are receptors on T cells that are critical for regulating T cell activation.In which one of the following ways does CD28 differ from CTLA-4?
A)Only CD28 binds the costimulatory ligands B7-1 and B7-2 expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells.
B)CD28 counteracts positive,pro-proliferative T cell signals delivered by CTLA-4.
C)CD28 is constitutively expressed on naive T cells,whereas CTLA-4 is expressed on activated T cells.
D)CD28 binds its ligand with 10-fold greater affinity than does CTLA-4.
E)CD28 is important for delivering "signal 1" for T cell activation,whereas CTLA-4 is important for delivering "signal 2."
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a property shared by both CD4 and CD8?
A)Binds to nonpolymorphic regions of MHC molecules
B)Cytoplasmic tail associates with the Src family kinase Lck
C)Is a member of the Ig superfamily
D)Functions as a coreceptor for \(\alpha\)\(\beta\) TCRs
E)Is expressed on the majority of mature blood T cells
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Chapter 6: T-Cell Mediated Immunity
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38635
Sample Questions
Q1) In patients with hyper IgM syndrome,there is a genetically based deficiency in expression of CD40 ligand.In addition to defects in antibody isotype switching,these patients have defects in T cell-mediated immune responses and become infected with intracellular parasites.Which one of the following normal functions of CD40 ligand is important in T cell-mediated immunity?
A)CD40-dependent isotype switching is required to produce antibody isotypes that activate T cells.
B)CD40 ligand is required for CTL killing of CD40-expressing infected cells.
C)CD40 ligand is required for maturation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in the thymus.
D)CD40 ligand on activated T cells binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting cells (APCs),and this enhances the expression of B7-1,B7-2,and cytokines by the APCs.
E)CD40 ligand on T cells binds to B7-1 and B7-2 on APCs,and this enhances the function of the APCs.
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Chapter 7: Effector Mechanisms of T-Cell Mediated Immunity
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38636
Sample Questions
Q1) The induction phase of a cell-mediated immune response includes which of the following events?
A)CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell secretion of interferon-\(\gamma\) leading to macrophage activation
B)CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell lysis of a virally infected cell
C)Clonal expansion of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells within a lymph node
D)Migration of CD4<sup>+</sup> effector T cells from blood vessels into a tissue site of infection
E)Migration of a naive CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell from the thymic medulla into the circulation
Q2) Activated macrophages perform all of the following functions EXCEPT:
A)Inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and angiogenesis within damaged tissues
B)Production of lysosomal enzymes and reactive oxygen species that kill phagocytosed microbes
C)Presentation of antigen to helper T cells
D)Secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1
E)Production of nitric oxide,which helps kill microorganisms
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Page 8
Chapter 8: Humoral Immune Responses
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38637
Sample Questions
Q1) The initial cellular events that are induced by antigen-mediated cross-linking of the B cell receptor (BCR)complex include all of the following EXCEPT:
A)Increased percentage of time spent in mitosis,resulting in rapid proliferation
B)Increased expression of B7,resulting in enhanced APC function
C)Increased expression of bcl-2,resulting in improved survival
D)Increased expression of CCR7,promoting migration into lymph node follicles
E)Increased expression of the interleukin-2 receptor,resulting in enhanced proliferation and response to T cell signals
Q2) Which one of the following B cell responses is NOT stimulated by CD40 ligand?
A)Association of TRAFs with the cytoplasmic tails of CD40 molecules
B)Activation of NF-\(\kappa\)B
C)Enhanced expression of B7-1 and B7-2
D)Enhanced Ig isotype switch recombinase activity
E)Enhanced production of membrane Ig
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9
Chapter 9: Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38638
Sample Questions
Q1) An 8-month-old boy infant with a 3-month history of recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections is admitted to the hospital.The physicians consider the possibility of a hereditary immune disorder and run several tests,eventually determining that the patient has undetectable levels of serum IgA.The infant is treated with strong antibiotics and recovers.Which of the following is NOT a medical problem likely to occur in this patient as he gets older?
A)Anaphylactic reactions to blood transfusions
B)Chronic gastrointestinal infections
C)Lactose and wheat gluten intolerance
D)Inflammatory skin disease
E)Recurrent nasal sinus congestion
Q2) Which of the following events initiates activation of the alternative complement pathway?
A)C1q binding to a microbial surface
B)Mannose-binding lectin (MBL)binding to a microbial surface
C)Complement receptor 1 (CR1)binding of C3b
D)Factor I cleavage of C3
E)Spontaneous cleavage of C3 to C3b
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Chapter 10: Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38639
Sample Questions
Q1) Immunologic tolerance is defined as:
A)The removal of an antigen,or the microbes expressing the antigen,by the immune system,so that the host can tolerate the infection
B)Activation of only B cells,and not T cells,on exposure to an antigen
C)Unresponsiveness of the immune system to an antigen,which is induced by previous exposure to that antigen
D)The production of memory B cells and T cells on primary exposure to an antigen,which allows the host to tolerate a secondary exposure to the antigen
E)Vaccination of individuals against particular pathogens to prevent subsequent infections
Q2) The adaptive immune system has mechanisms of homeostasis that serve to terminate immune responses and return the immune system to a basal resting state.Which of the following is LEAST likely to be involved in lymphocyte homeostasis?
A)CTLA-4
B)Fas ligand
C)CD28
D)B cell Ig Fc receptors
E)Anti-idiotypic antibodies
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Chapter 11: Immune Responses Against Tumors and Transplants
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38640
Sample Questions
Q1) A 17-year-old girl from southern China has had a sore throat and fever for 1 week.On physical examination,generalized lymphadenopathy is noted.A rapid strep test for streptococcal infection is negative and a CBC shows 20% atypical lymphocytes.A Monospot test for the presence of heterophile antibodies is positive.This illness is associated with eventual development of which of the following malignancies?
A)Kaposi's sarcoma
B)Cervical carcinoma
C)Follicular lymphoma
D)Human T cell lymphoma
E)Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which tumors evade immune responses?
A)Decreased synthesis of TAP
B)Increased expression of glycocalyx
C)Lack of costimulatory molecule expression
D)Increased expression of TGF-F1F1F1S1 F1F1F10
E)Increased expression of Fas
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Page 12
Chapter 12: Hypersensitivity
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38641
Sample Questions
Q1) A 14-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician's office in mid summer because of an itchy,blistering rash on his calves and forearms.The rash developed 24 hours after he returned from a weekend Boy Scout camping trip.The pediatrician suspects the lesion is caused by poison ivy.If the doctor is correct,which one of the following is NOT a prominent component in the immunologic mechanisms causing the skin lesions?
A)T cells
B)IgE-coated mast cells
C)Interferon-F1F1F1S1 F1F1F10
D)Endothelial adhesion molecules
E)Chemokines
Q2) Which of the following would NOT be a likely therapy for treating autoimmune diseases?
A)Corticosteroids
B)Small molecule inhibitor of VLA-4
C)Cyclosporine
D)CTLA-4 antagonist
E)Plasmapheresis
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Chapter 13: Congenital and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38642
Sample Questions
Q1) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is NOT a:
A)Herpesvirus
B)RNA virus
C)Enveloped virus
D)Retrovirus
E)Lentivirus
Q2) A 7-month-old boy is evaluated in the clinic for recurrent bacterial infections.His tonsils are not visible on physical examination.Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA)and IgG levels are markedly decreased,and serum IgM levels are slightly below normal.Based on this family's history and clinical presentation,a mutation in which of the following genes is most likely to be found in this patient?
A)JAK3 kinase
B)Adenosine deaminase
C)Common cytokine receptor \(\gamma\) chain
D)RAG2
E)Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
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