Humanities: Western Culture
Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course explores the major movements, ideas, and artistic expressions that have shaped Western culture from antiquity to the modern era. Through the study of literature, philosophy, art, religion, and history, students will gain an understanding of the intellectual and cultural heritage that underpins contemporary Western society. Emphasis will be placed on key figures, historical contexts, and the interplay between cultural developments and broader social, political, and technological changes. The course encourages critical thinking and reflection on the enduring questions and values that continue to influence Western thought and identity.
Recommended Textbook
Jansons Basic History of Western Art 9th Edition by Penelope J.E. Davies
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30 Chapters
846 Verified Questions
846 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Prehistoric Art
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21892
Sample Questions
Q1) What are menhirs?
A) upright rough-hewn stones
B) tombs, originally underground, with several large upright stones supporting a single massive capstone
C) prehistoric monuments found only in the British Isles
D) markers of the summer solstice.
Answer: A
Q2) There is no relationship between changing climate and different artistic and architectural forms in the Neolithic period.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Many Paleolithic cave paintings are located:
A) in megarons
B) in the deepest areas of the caves
C) at entrances to caves
D) in henges
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Ancient Near Eastern Art
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which was among the Seven Wonders of the World?
A) Hanging Gardens of Babylon
B) Stonehenge
C) The Audience Hall at Persepolis
D) The caves at Lascaux
Answer: A
Q2) Cuneiform characters:
A) were made by pressing a stylus into damp clay
B) remain untranslated to this day
C) were not used for writing fiction
D) were visible on the Rosetta Stone
Answer: A
Q3) Alexander the Great was allied with the Persians.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Egyptian Art
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the gateway of an Egyptian temple that leads to a series of pillared halls or courts called?
A) lintel
B) pylon
C) atrium
D) facade
Answer: B
Q2) What expresses visually the concept of the king as unifier?
A) the Sculpture of Khafra
B) the bas relief of Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt
C) the bas relief of King Narmer
D) the bas relief of Akhenaten and His Family
Answer: C
Q3) The Nile, Tigris, and Euphrates Rivers define and divide the Egyptian landscape.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Aegean Art
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28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _________________ conquered Crete in about 1450 BCE.
A) Mycenaeans
B) Minoans
C) Trojans
D) Minotaurs
Q2) Describe the style of architecture in Minoan Crete including the palace at Knossos.
Q3) Compare and contrast the treatment of the human form in the Cycladic figurines and the so-called Snake Goddesses?
Q4) The Toreador Fresco probably depicts what kind of event?
A) Bullfight
B) Ritual game
C) Religious ceremony
D) Mythological battle
Q5) The Cycladic culture:
A) emerged on the islands between the Greek mainland and Crete
B) developed on the Greek peninsula
C) was based in the Peloponnese
D) had its capitol in the city of Troy
Q6) Describe the subject matter and style of fresco paintings found on Minoan Crete.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Greek Art
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30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What influences caused Greek art to evolve more rapidly than Egyptian art?
Q2) Discuss the removal to England of the Parthenon marbles by Lord Elgin. Why did this occur and what implications might it continue to have at the intersection of politics and art?
Q3) Which of the following depicts a building as if it were sliced horizontally about three feet about the ground?
A) Ground plan
B) Elevation
C) Section
D) Stereobate
Q4) Which of the following describes the characteristics of Greek gods and goddesses?
A) Immortal and behaving in very human ways
B) Omniscient and selfless
C) Omnipotent and fair
D) Mortal and jealous
Q5) In 490 BCE, the Persians defeated the Greeks at the Battle of Marathon.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Etruscan Art
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27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Where was Etruscan civilization located?
A) Modern-day Tuscany
B) Cycladic Greece
C) The Iberian peninsula
D) The Peloponnese
Q2) Compare and contrast Etruscan wall painting with Minoan, Egyptian, and Greek painting.
Q3) Most of the surviving Etruscan artifacts come from their homes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How many major periods in Etruscan art are there?
A) a. four
B) b. three
C) c. five
D) d. six
Q5) When were the Etruscans at the peak of their power?
A) 8th-7th centuries BCE
B) 7th-6th centuries BCE
C) 6th-5th centuries BCE
D) 5th-4th centuries BCE
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Chapter 7: Roman Art
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following civilizations produced realistic portrait sculpture?
A) Hellenistic
B) Roman
C) Byzantine
D) Archaic Greek
Q2) The square or rectangular market and meeting place in the heart of Roman cities and towns was called the:
A) forum
B) basilica
C) apse
D) agora
Q3) What are the two most significant contributions to architecture made by the Romans? Why are these significant?
Q4) The eruption of Mt. Vesuvius caused considerable damage to the architecture in the Roman forum.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How did the scope of the Roman architectural needs differ from that of the Greeks?
Q6) How do you a see lasting impact of ancient Rome in contemporary culture?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Jewish, Early Christian, and Byzantine Art
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26 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare basilica-plan with central-plan churches. Cite examples of each.
Q2) The earliest surviving Christian art can be dated to within the lifetime of Christ.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What classical architecture influenced the Early Christian basilica and how did it evolve?
Q4) What is an entrance foyer in an Early Christian church called?
A) groin vault
B) basilica
C) clerestory
D) narthex
Q5) Why did the role of sculpture diminish during the Early Christian period? Why did sculpture become physically smaller?
Q6) What is NOT seen on the side of the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus?
A) Bas relief sculpture
B) Old Testament scenes
C) New Testament scenes
D) Scenes from the life of Junius Bassus
Q7) Explain the iconoclastic controversy. Why were abstract symbols widely used?
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Chapter 9: Islamic Art
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the combined Islamic and Persian characteristics evident in the Mina'i dish.
Q2) Mohammad is the Prophet of the Islamic religion.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The call to prayer given five times daily by a muezzin is issued from the:
A) Minaret
B) Mihrab
C) Qibla
D) Minbar
Q4) Which pillar of Islam was most important in the development of Islamic architecture?
A) The religious duty of prayer
B) The hajj, or pilgrimage
C) Fasting during Ramadan
D) Tithing, or giving to charity
Q5) How did Muslim, Byzantine and Spanish influences each have an impact on the design of the Great Mosque at Cordoba?
Q6) How does holy script become an art form in Islamic art and architecture?
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Chapter 10: Early Medieval Art
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was the chief medium of the Celtic-Germanic animal style?
A) Metalwork
B) Leatherwork
C) Pottery
D) Carved stone
Q2) The Chi Rho Iota page from the Book of Kells shows:
A) the relationship between manuscript illumination and precious metalwork
B) the influence of Islam on Celtic manuscript illumination
C) the clarity and simplicity of design in Hiberno-Saxon art
D) an attention by the artist to spatial illusionism
Q3) What are the characteristics of animal style, where was it produced, and who produced it?
Q4) Which is NOT one of the different forms of the cross employed by Early Medieval artists?
A) Saxon
B) Celtic
C) Greek
D) Latin
Q5) Describe the influences and design of the Palace Chapel of Charlemagne.
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Chapter 11: Romanesque Art
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The use of which medium characterizes many Romanesque manuscripts?
A) tempera on vellum
B) oil on canvas
C) fresco on paper
D) oil on papyrus
Q2) On what part of Romanesque churches were scenes of the Last Judgment were commonly carved?
A) tympanum
B) nave
C) clerestory
D) triforium
Q3) Which of the following tells the story of the Battle of Hastings?
A) the tympanum at Durham
B) the Bayeux Tapestry
C) the trumeau sculpture at Durham
D) a manuscript illumination by Verdun
Q4) Discuss the Bayeux Tapestry. What story is being told and from whose point of view? How does the telling of the story reflect the values of the age?
Q5) What is a pilgrimage church? How and why did they develop?
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Chapter 12: Gothic Art
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21903
Sample Questions
Q1) Which material was key to the stained glass process, both for firing furnaces and kilns and for making potash?
A) Wood
B) Clay
C) Basalt
D) Copper
Q2) In the Middle Ages, what word meaning "master" was a title conferred by a trade organization, or guild, on a member who had achieved the highest level of skill in the guild's profession or craft?
A) Magister
B) Opus modernum
C) Belle Verrière
D) Rayonnant
Q3) Which is a common feature of Gothic architecture?
A) abbey churches in the countryside
B) tympanums with a subject of a stern Last Judgment
C) rose windows
D) horizontal emphasis
Q4) How does Gothic sculpture differ from Romanesque sculpture? How does the imagery differ?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Art in Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Italy
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29 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The study of which cultures profoundly changed the culture and art of Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries?
A) Greece and Rome
B) Egypt and Mesopotamia
C) Minoan and Mycenaean
D) Romanesque and Gothic
Q2) Thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Italian art had its roots in both Byzantine forms and Italian artists' contacts with Roman and Early Christian precedents.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What impact did the plague or Black Death have on Italian society in the fourteenth century?
Q4) The wealthiest and most influential cities that were organized as representative republics were:
A) Florence, Siena, Pisa, and Venice
B) Prato, Avignon, Tripoli, and Naples
C) Pistoia, Wittenberg, Arezzo, and Bari
D) Urbino, Milan, Rome, and Naples
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Artistic Innovations in Fifteenth-Century
Northern Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which fifteenth century artist was well known for his engravings?
A) Jan van Eyck
B) Rogier van der Weyden
C) Robert Campin
D) Martin Schongauer
Q2) Hugo van der Goes Portinari Altarpiece was produced for a patron and a location in Flanders.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Hieronymus Bosch's The Garden of Delights:
A) is optimistic and playful
B) honors mankind's essential dignity and worth
C) is a celebration of nature
D) shows mankind doomed by its carnal appetites
Q4) Which of the following is NOT a printmaking technique?
A) woodcut
B) etching
C) drypoint
D) diptych
Q5) What are the artistic and social implications of printmaking?
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Chapter 15: The Early Renaissance in Fifteenth-Century Italy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss innovations seen in the works of Masaccio.
Q2) Why was the design of a dome for the Florence Cathedral a challenge? What was innovative about Brunelleschi's solution?
Q3) Which of the following is true of one-point perspective?
A) Orthogonals converge toward the vanishing point.
B) Orthogonals run from right to left on the picture plane.
C) Orthogonals are at right angles to the floor of the painted space.
D) Orthogonals meet at two different points on the picture plane.
Q4) How does Ghiberti create the illusion of spatial depth in his panels? Where are the panels located? What material was used to make the doors?
Q5) Patronage for art in fifteenth century Florence consisted of:
A) the Catholic church.
B) wealthy patrons.
C) guilds.
D) all of the above.
Q6) How does the Renaissance style that first manifested itself in Florence reverberate in the works of Piero della Francesca, Leon Battista Alberti, Andrea Mantegna, and Giovanni Bellini?
Q7) How are aspects of the Florentine Renaissance reflected in Donatello's St. Mark?
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Chapter 16: The High Renaissance in Italy, 1495-1520
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32 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is one of Titan's innovations in Man with a Quilted Sleeve?
A) Texture is suggested by thick strokes of opaque white paint
B) The subject appears to exist in a convincing three-dimensional space
C) The sitter makes eye contact with the viewer
D) The painting is executed in oil
Q2) The city of Florence regarded Michelangelo's David as an emblem of its own republican virtues.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What was Michelangelo's preferred art medium?
A) cast bronze
B) fresco
C) carved wood
D) carved marble
Q4) Sfumato is seen in the work of:
A) Leonardo da Vinci
B) Botticelli
C) Michelangelo
D) Masaccio
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Chapter 17: The Late Renaissance and Mannerism in
Sixteenth-Century Italy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who changed the title of his work after the Inquisition deemed it unorthodox and inappropriate?
A) Michelangelo
B) Titian
C) Bruegel
D) Veronese
Q2) Who worked for the Gonzaga in Mantua, painting the Fall of the Giants from Mount Olympus?
A) Rosso Fiorentino
B) Giulio Romano
C) Parmigianino
D) Bronzino
Q3) Which is not true of Sofonisba Anguissola?
A) She worked in a Mannerist style
B) She was court artist to Philip II
C) She received her training as a professional artist
D) She communicated with Michelangelo
Q4) Examine Palladio's Villa Rotonda. What aspects of this building are classically inspired and how does the building communicate a relationship between human stature and the surrounding landscape?
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Chapter 18: Renaissance and Reformation Throughout
Sixteenth-Century Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did politics and religion have an impact on Hans Holbein the Younger's career? Compose your answer in relation to Holbein's The Ambassadors.
Q2) Henry VIII officially broke with the Church in Rome in 1534 and formed the Church of England.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Charles V ruled a vast area of modern Europe as the Holy Roman Emperor.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the subject of genre painting?
A) aristocrats
B) portraits
C) everyday activities of ordinary people
D) religious subject matter
Q5) Which painter most fused Northern European with Italian traditions?
A) Dürer
B) Bosch
C) Bruegel
D) Van Eyck
Page 20
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Chapter 19: The Baroque in Italy and Spain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who became court painter to Philip IV of Spain?
A) El Greco
B) Murillo
C) Algardi
D) Velázquez
Q2) Zurbarán and Murillo were very active as painters of religious subjects in seventeenth-century Spain.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Examine Artemisia Gentileschi's Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes. How is this painting a work in the tradition of Caravaggio in terms of style, subject matter, and expression?
Q4) Who was the illusionistic ceiling painter who painted The Loves of the Gods in quadri riportati?
A) Carracci
B) Cortona
C) Bernini
D) Guarini
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Chapter 20: The Baroque in the Netherlands
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the seventeenth century, Flanders was predominantly
A) Catholic
B) Lutheran
C) Anglican
D) Orthodox
Q2) In the seventeenth century there was a division of the Netherlands into two parts: the Northern Netherlands and the Southern Netherlands.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe Rubens' patrons, his range of subject matter, and his manner of working.
Q4) In the seventeenth century, The Dutch Republic was predominantly:
A) Protestant
B) Catholic
C) Orthodox
D) Jewish
Q5) What was the official religion for Flanders and Holland? How did religion have an impact on the arts of each region?
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Page 22
Chapter 21: The Baroque in France and England
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bernini was invited to France to propose a design for what building?
A) St. Paul's
B) Versailles
C) Louvre
D) St. Peter's
Q2) Where did Poussin live and work for most of his career?
A) Versailles
B) Paris
C) Rome
D) Florence
Q3) Hyacinthe Rigaud painted a portrait of which royal individual:
A) Cosimo de' Medici
B) Maria de' Medici
C) Charles I
D) Louis XIV
Q4) Which Italian architect was initially consulted for the redesign of the Louvre?
A) Bernini
B) Borromini
C) Palladio
D) Della Porta
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Chapter 22: The Rococo
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast Fragonard's The Swing and Chardin's Saying Grace. How do subject matter and style differ in these two works?
Q2) Two factions in the French Academy at the end of the seventeenth century were the "Poussinistes" and the
A) Rubenistes
B) Watteauists
C) Canaletti
D) Caravaggisti
Q3) Vedute refers to:
A) visionary scenes
B) paintings of canals
C) view paintings
D) still Life paintings
Q4) Describe the nature of William Hogarth's art and how it formed a type of visual satire in eighteenth-century England.
Q5) "Rococo" was taken from the French word rocaille (meaning "pebble") and the Portuguese barrocco (meaning "baroque").
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 23: Art in the Age of the Enlightenment, 1750-1789
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gavin Hamilton's Andromache Bewailing the Death of Hector was widely available for viewing to the public because:
A) it was an engraving
B) it was loaned to many museums
C) its monumental size made it easy to view
D) Hamilton painted many copies
Q2) The painting of Anton Raphael Mengs combines the planarity and linearity as the basis of his style.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Claude-Nicolas Ledoux designed 50 or more tax gates or customs houses for Rome using an inventive neoclassical vocabulary of architectural forms.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Age of the Enlightenment was exclusively a European phenomenon.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Compare Rococo and Neoclassicism in terms of subject matter, style, and purpose.
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Chapter 24: Art in the Age of the Romanticism, 1789-1848
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Sample Questions
Q1) The philosophy of the Romantic period that saw God and the universe as ultimately identical was:
A) Pantheism
B) Animism
C) Deism
D) Spiritualism
Q2) Who was the artist most closely associated with the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon?
A) Poussin
B) Boucher
C) David
D) Watteau
Q3) Describe and discuss the different forms of romantic revivals in architecture represented by Barry and Pugin's Houses of Parliament and Jefferson's University of Virginia campus. In both cases what make this architecture at once romantic and realistic to the aims and aspirations of England and America?
Q4) How did Napoleon use Neoclassicism to promote his imperial aims?
Q5) What incident did Géricault's The Raft of the "Medusa" illustrate? Discuss the work as an example of political commentary.
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Chapter 25: The Age of Positivism
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Sample Questions
Q1) What subject matter was Renoir well known for painting?
A) water lilies
B) Parisians at leisure
C) odalisques
D) natives of the South Seas
Q2) Who painted the same scene over and over to study the fleeting effects of light and color?
A) Manet
B) Renoir
C) Degas
D) Monet
Q3) For which American Impressionist artist was maternity the most frequent theme and focus?
A) Degas
B) Whistler
C) Homer
D) Cassatt
Q4) Define Positivism and discuss how it is manifested in three different works of art.
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Page 27
Chapter 26: Progress and Its Discontents:
Post-Impressionism, Symbolism, and Art Nouveau, 1880-1905
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Q1) Discuss the changes in building techniques and innovations that allowed for the construction of the skyscraper.
Q2) Theosophists believed that all religions were essential distinct and sought in their own separate ways to reveal the mystical connectedness of all things.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The neurologist who formulated theories of the unconscious, publishing his Interpretation of Dreams in 1900 was
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Karl Jung
C) André Breton
D) Jean Piaget
Q4) Compare and contrast the form and expression of Gaudi's Casa Milá and Sullivan's Wainwright Building.
Q5) What was typical subject matter for van Gogh?
A) the wilderness
B) scenes of Tahiti
C) cathedrals or water lilies
D) landscapes and flowers
Page 28
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Chapter 27: Toward Abstraction: the Modernist Revolution, 1905-1914
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Sample Questions
Q1) What were many of the Russian artists were calling themselves by 1913?
A) Cubo-Futurists
B) Cubic Expressionists
C) neo Cubists
D) anti Cubists
Q2) Umberto Boccioni, an artist, also authored the Manifesto of Futurism.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque experimented with collage on canvas during the period in which they were developing Cubism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) At the Salon d'Automne of 1905, the works exhibited were so shocking that the artists Matisse and others were described as
A) wild beasts
B) insolent children
C) rude artists
D) greedy painters
Page 30
Q5) Describe and discuss the differences between analytic and synthetic cubism.
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Chapter 28: Art Between the Wars
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dada was a movement that was substantially produced by the experience of:
A) Freud's theories
B) World War I
C) The Italian Futurists
D) The Great Depression
Q2) There was a clear separation between abstract art and radical politics in the revolutionary society that developed in Russia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What does the art of Lange have in common with that of Goya and Courbet?
Q4) Which American artist embraced representational art and regional imagery?
A) Grant Wood
B) Jacob Lawrence
C) Georgia O'Keeffe
D) Joseph Stella
Q5) How did Man Ray, Strand, Bourke-White, and Lange each emphasize different possibilities for photography?
Q6) What are the similarities and differences between the Dada and Surrealist movements? Select two works of art to formulate your answer.
Page 31
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Chapter 29: Postwar to Postmodern, 1945-1980
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the environmental, ontological, and political issues associated with Robert Smith's earthwork masterpiece, Spiral Jetty?
Q2) . Who is known for his "combines"?
A) Judd
B) Warhol
C) Smithson
D) Rauschenberg
Q3) Jasper Johns became famous as a painter of flags in which medium?
A) Encaustic
B) Fresco
C) Tempera
D) Acrylic
Q4) Who is the artist known for creating huge images of simulated comics?
A) de Kooning
B) Pollock
C) Lichtenstein
D) Warhol
Q5) What makes Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson's Seagram Building an important work of modern architecture?
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Chapter 30: The Postmodern Era: Art Since 1980
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21921
Sample Questions
Q1) Which conceptual artist has used billboards as an art medium?
A) Gehry
B) Cai
C) Puryear
D) Gonzalez-Torres
Q2) Compare and contrast Rogers and Piano's Centre National d'Art et Culture Georges Pompidou and Gehry's Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao as examples of museum architecture.
Q3) Which painter often evokes German history?
A) Kiefer
B) Stirling
C) Gehry
D) Gropius
Q4) Anselm Kiefer evokes aspects of the history Germany in his paintings.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How is war remembered in Maya Lin's Vietnam Veterans Memorial? How is the subject of war treated differently in this work than in other works in the history of art?
Q6) What are the influences in Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao?
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