Human Society Practice Questions
Course Introduction
This course offers an interdisciplinary exploration of the structures, dynamics, and evolution of human societies. Through the study of social institutions, cultural norms, economic systems, and patterns of human interaction, students will gain insight into how societies are formed, maintained, and transformed over time. The course examines key concepts such as identity, power, inequality, and social change, drawing on perspectives from sociology, anthropology, history, and related fields to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of human social life.
Recommended Textbook Essentials of Sociology 9th Edition by
David B. Brinkerhoff
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15 Chapters
2023 Verified Questions
2023 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Study of Society
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chapkis's study of prostitution suggests that prostitutes manage to maintain their self-esteem in spite of societal disapproval by:
A) indulging their unusual sexual tastes.
B) becoming adept at what they do sexually.
C) keeping a distance between their emotions and their work.
D) maintaining a low profile and avoiding arrest.
Answer: C
Q2) Conflict theory is the theoretical perspective most focused on social change.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) In what way were Marx and Durkheim similar?
A) Both worked as professors in elite universities.
B) Both lived in exile for a time.
C) They both rejected the society of their time.
D) They lived and worked at the same time.
Answer: D
Q4) What are the two major goals of research?
Answer: The two major goals of research are accurate description and accurate explanation.
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between popular culture and high culture?
A) Popular culture includes aspects of culture that shared by the typical citizen, while high culture appeals primarily to those of upper social standing.
B) High culture includes aspects of culture that are widely accessible, while popular culture is reserved for those of the upper classes.
C) Popular culture changes, while high culture does not.
D) High culture changes, while popular culture does not.
Answer: A
Q2) the "carriers of culture" are:
A) family, government, and religion.
B) technology, environment, and population.
C) biological, social, and cultural evolution.
D) language, values, and norms.
Answer: D
Q3) Give an example of material and non-material culture.
Answer: An example of material culture might be a cellular phone and an example of non-material culture might be the American value of equality.
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4
Chapter 3: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is socialization?
Answer: The process of learning roles,statuses,and values necessary for participation in social institutions.
Q2) According to _______,socialization benefits everyone by teaching people to be happy and productive members of society.
A) symbolic interactionism
B) conflict theory
C) structural functionalism
D) sociobiology
Answer: C
Q3) The cases of deprived children like Genie and children in low-quality orphanages illustrate the fact that:
A) physical and social development depends on interaction with other humans.
B) even the most extreme cases of deprivation may be reversed with the proper therapy.
C) it is only children without parents who suffer from a lack of nurturing.
D) physical deprivation is worse than emotional or social deprivation.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following have experts concluded is the key to maintaining sobriety among Native Americans?
A) wealth
B) having lots of friends
C) a steady rewarding job to give people a reason to stay sober
D) moving off of the reservation
Q2) Susan is a wife and mother.She is also employed as an emergency room physician.Being a wife,mother,daughter,and doctor is her:
A) role.
B) status.
C) status set.
D) master status.
Q3) When incompatible demands develop because of multiple statuses,one experiences role:
A) conflict.
B) strain.
C) distancing.
D) exit.
Q4) What are spoiled identities?
Q5) What is the relationship between a status and a role?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Groups, Networks, and Organizations
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135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The __________ pattern of communication reduces interaction,but doesn't concentrate power over the group into any one person's hands.
A) all-channel network
B) circle
C) wheel
D) pivotal
Q2) Strong ties in a social network lead to all of the following EXCEPT:
A) lower risks of suicide and depression.
B) better health.
C) increased participation in civic and political issues.
D) bigger family units.
Q3) Define strong ties and weak ties and describe the importance of each from the standpoint of a)the individual and b)society.
Q4) Interaction that occurs when people work together to achieve shared goals is called: A) exchange.
B) competition.
C) conflict.
D) cooperation.
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Chapter 6: Deviance, Crime, and Social Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the role of the media in the creation and maintenance of a "culture of fear" in the U.S.How do the media contribute to the public's overestimation of the dangers of crime?
Q2) Even though crime is decreasing,most Americans believe it is increasing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All of the following are examples of corporate crime EXCEPT:
A) polluting the environment.
B) selling defective products.
C) a CEO sexually harassing his assistant.
D) evading corporate taxes.
Q4) Deterrence theories place the primary blame for deviance on: A) parents.
B) an inadequate system of rewards and punishments.
C) individuals.
D) peer pressure.
Q5) Whether or not an act is considered deviant depends on the time,place,actor,and audience.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 7: Stratification
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does social class differ from class?
Q2) A major criticism of the conflict perspective on stratification is that it:
A) is an ideology that justifies inequality.
B) makes the assumption that unequal financial rewards are needed to motivate people.
C) ignores the fact that people are unequal and that coordination and authority are functional.
D) places too much emphasis on the importance of inequality as a major motivator of human labor.
Q3) Chris is an engineer.Her daughter and son are also engineers.This pattern is probably a result of:
A) direct inheritance.
B) indirect inheritance.
C) genetics.
D) parental determination.
Q4) The U.S.has far more income inequality than most other industrialized nations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What does socioeconomic status include?
Q6) What is the basic foundation of modernization theory?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Racial and Ethnic Inequality
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did race/ethnicity factor into the foreclosure crisis?
A) Minorities were more likely to present fraudulent proof of income to get mortgages.
B) Banks were more likely to give minorities subprime loans.
C) Minorities were less likely than whites to know what price housing they could afford.
D) It had no factor-the foreclosure crisis hit all races equally.
Q2) The United States has:
A) not made any progress toward pluralism.
B) achieved true pluralism.
C) no interest in pluralism.
D) done better than most other countries in terms of achieving pluralism.
Q3) In the United States,definitions of race have:
A) always included "white" as a category.
B) always included Mexican American as a race.
C) changed over time.
D) included Hispanic.
Q4) Discuss how the election of Barack Obama illustrates how much prejudice has declined in the United States,yet how important it still is.
Q5) Describe the role of race and ethnicity in the foreclosure crisis.
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Chapter 9: Sex,Gender,and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about marital sexuality is true?
A) Married couples are more likely to engage in oral sex than in the past.
B) Today's married couples are more likely to sustain the frequency of sexual intercourse for decades into the marriage.
C) There is a dramatic double standard in adultery-significantly more men than women have affairs.
D) Sexual activity has little impact on marital satisfaction.
Q2) Biological sex differences can be reinforced by the medical industry A)True B)False
Q3) Explain how gender roles have an impact on health for men and women.Give specific examples of the consequences of traditional gender roles.
Q4) Describe the development of the gay rights movement by describing the effects of the Stonewall Riots and the appearance of AIDS.What are current attitudes and issues regarding gay and lesbian rights?
Q5) Define sexual harassment and the different forms it may take.Describe the prevalence of sexual harassment and the consequences for women and men.
Q6) What is the difference between sex and gender?
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Chapter 10: Health and Health Care
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135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Give examples of manufacturers of illness and how they contribute to preventable deaths.
Q2) What percentage of deaths in the United States can be attributed to tobacco use?
A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 18%
D) 28%
Q3) Women have higher rates of illness than men and are more likely to die younger.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Fees for services in the health-care industry are increasingly regulated by:
A) the physicians.
B) the market (patients are becoming more conscious of price).
C) insurance companies.
D) hospitals.
Q5) As of 2010,how many Americans under the age of 65 lacked health insurance?
A) 15 million
B) 22 million
C) 37 million
D) 49 million
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is FALSE about fathering today?
A) More fathers than ever before are single parents.
B) Single fathers spend less time with their children than single mothers.
C) A growing number of men have no relationship with their children.
D) In married couples, the average father does the same amount of childcare as the average mother.
Q2) Name three responsibilities of the family that have been identified cross-culturally.
Q3) A ready-made social structure designed to organize and stabilize the responsibility for producing and raising children is the definition of:
A) the church.
B) gender roles.
C) marriage.
D) rites of passage.
Q4) The ________ prohibits federal recognition of gay marriages.
A) Defense of Marriage Act
B) U.S. Constitution
C) Bill of Rights
D) Bible
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Chapter 12: Education and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The chief difference between a conflict and a structural-functional view of American education is that:
A) the functionalists recognize dysfunctions.
B) functionalists see no negative side effects.
C) functionalists are more positive about the reproducing of culture and society.
D) conflict theorists do not recognize that education benefits anybody.
Q2) What are New Religious Movements?
Q3) Which of these is NOT one of the five pillars of Islam?
A) Profess faith in one almighty God and his prophet Muhammad.
B) Pray five times daily.
C) Make charitable contributions to the Muslim community and to the poor.
D) Commit to religious jihad.
Q4) Since the mid-1980s,racial segregation in U.S.schools has:
A) decreased.
B) increased.
C) remained fairly stable.
D) no longer been measured by government agencies.
Q5) Identify three manifest functions of the education institution.
Q6) What is cultural capital and how does it affect educational success?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Politics and the Economy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Both capitalism and socialism can coexist with either an authoritarian or a democratic political system.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Approximately what proportion of U.S.voters call themselves independents?
A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 45%
D) 60%
Q3) Your text concludes that as society becomes larger and more complex,the jurisdiction of the state:
A) becomes more coercive.
B) is increasingly traditional.
C) is growing.
D) has become illegitimate.
Q4) What are some of the policies that the U.S.could implement to prevent jobs for Americans from being outsourced due to globalization?
Q5) What are the three primary types of coercion states use?
Q6) What is the Wal-Mart effect?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Population and Urbanization
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Sample Questions
Q1) The demographic transition:
A) is the process of moving from the traditional balance of high birth and death rates to a new balance of low birth and death rates.
B) is the process of migrating to a society with higher mortality and fertility from a society with lower mortality and fertility.
C) refers to the situation of a consistently high fertility rate.
D) refers to a population experiencing negative population growth.
Q2) The average number of children born per woman in the United States has been __________ for the last two decades.
A) about 1
B) about 2
C) just at 3
D) slightly more than 3
Q3) Most international refugees move from a developing country to:
A) the U.S.
B) a European country.
C) a developing country.
D) any of the industrialized countries.
Q4) Describe the process of white flight and the factors that contribute to it.
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Chapter 15: Social Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nearly two-thirds of companies surveyed admit that they engage in some form electronic surveillance of their employees.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Resource mobilization theory falls under which theoretical perspective?
A) conflict theory.
B) structural-functional theory.
C) symbolic interactionism.
D) micro-level theory.
Q3) Within political process theory,__________ is the individual sense that change is both needed and possible.
A) false consciousness
B) class consciousness
C) insurgent consciousness
D) constituent consciousness
Q4) Distinguish between collective behavior and social movements.Give a current example of each.
Q5) What is the difference between indigenous and professional SMOs?
Q6) What are the four possible outcomes of social movement activities?
Q7) What is frame alignment?
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