Human Growth and Development
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Human Growth and Development is an interdisciplinary course that explores the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur throughout the human lifespan, from conception to late adulthood. The course examines major developmental theories, key milestones, and the factors that influence growth and development, including genetics, environment, culture, and family dynamics. Through the study of research, case studies, and real-life applications, students gain an understanding of how individuals develop, adapt, and interact with their surroundings at each stage of life.
Recommended Textbook
Growth and Development Across the Lifespan A Health Promotion Focus 2nd Edition by Leifer
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16 Chapters
439 Verified Questions
439 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Healthy People 2020
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19 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In addition to injuries,the leading causes of death in adolescents and young adults aged 15 through 24 years are ________ and __________.
Answer: suicide,homicide homicide,suicide
According to the Healthy People review,suicide and homicide are among the leading causes of death in this age-group.
Q2) The new topic areas in the Healthy People guidelines established in 2011 for consideration for Healthy People 2020 include: (Select all that apply. )
A) adolescent health.
B) social determinants of health.
C) blood disorders for adolescents.
D) gay, lesbian, and transgender health concerns.
E) teen pregnancies.
Answer: A,B,C,D
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Chapter 2: Government Influences on Health Care
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19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Patient Bill of Rights ensures that all patients may: (Select all that apply. )
A) select their health-care provider.
B) be assured of having a private room.
C) take part in treatment decisions.
D) expect confidentiality.
E) utilize channels for complaint.
Answer: A,C,D,E
Q2) The purpose of the state/national government program of Medicaid is to provide:
A) immunizations for preschool children.
B) prescription drugs at a lower cost.
C) medical care on the basis of need or poverty.
D) community clinics for women and children.
Answer: C
Q3) The scope of practice for nursing is stipulated by the:
A) American Nurses Association.
B) Board of Nurse Examiners.
C) Nursing Licensure Pact.
D) Nurse practice act.
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Cultural Considerations Across the Lifespan and in
Health and Illness
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The home health-care worker is aware that the development of initiative may be delayed in a German family that practices a(n)__________ parenting style.
A) laissez-faire
B) permissive
C) authoritarian
D) democratic
Answer: C
Q2) When caring for an 8-hour postpartum Chinese patient who adheres to the cultural philosophy that pregnancy is a "cold" condition,the health-care worker will remember to:
A) offer no fluids at all.
B) thoroughly chill all food and drink.
C) turn up the thermostat.
D) restrict all spicy foods from the diet.
Answer: C
Q3) Deep feelings a person has about what is morally right are __________.
Answer: values
Values are deep feelings a person holds about what is morally right or wrong,good or bad.
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Chapter 4: The Influence of Family on Developing a Lifestyle
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33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The health-care worker uses as a basis for interventions for children the developmental theory of the theorist ________ ____________that is based on the mastery of developmental tasks at specific ages.
Q2) In the launching stage of the growth and development of a family unit,the focus of the family will be on:
A) maintaining a stable home base as children mature.
B) establishing financial independence.
C) negotiating tasks related to childrearing and household maintenance.
D) maintaining own and/or couple functioning and interests in the face of physiologic decline.
Q3) A Spanish-speaking 6-year-old who has started first grade in an English-speaking school spends most of her time alone and seems helpless and unable to function in this new environment.This situation as an indication of:
A) inadequate preparation for attending school.
B) school phobia.
C) culture shock.
D) discrimination.
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Chapter 5: Theories of Development
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Behavior modification is basically designed to:
A) probe the unconscious motives of behavior.
B) alter current behavior patterns.
C) produce basic changes in personality.
D) relieve conflicts in behavior.
Q2) To promote a sense of industry in a hospitalized school-age child,the health-care worker should:
A) encourage the child to read a book.
B) ask the parents of the child to bring a favorite toy from home.
C) encourage the child to telephone friends and family members.
D) ask the child to help pick up all the stuffed toys in the playroom.
Q3) According to the language/culture developmental theory of Lev Vygotsky,preschool-age children guide their own behavior by the use of:
A) avoidance of punishment.
B) imitating older children.
C) relying on their autonomy.
D) inner language.
Q4) According to Piaget,children typically solve problems by trial and error during the ____________ stage of development.
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Chapter 6: Prenatal Influences on Healthy Development
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35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term fetus refers to an embryo that is _____ weeks old.
A) 2
B) 3
C) 6
D) 9
Q2) The home health-care worker visiting a pregnant woman in her second trimester observes the patient doing chores and performing errands.Because of a threat to the fetus,the woman should refrain from:
A) walking a mile to the grocery store.
B) sweeping the floor with a broom.
C) using bleach when doing the wash.
D) emptying and cleaning the cat box.
Q3) The Moro (startle)reflex,which is present at birth,disappears normally at the age of:
A) 3 months.
B) 4 months.
C) 5 months.
D) 6 months.
Q4) A _________ ________ can now be programmed to destroy a defective gene,allowing a pure gene to replace it.
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Chapter 7: The Infant
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which age-appropriate toy(s)for a 3-month-old infant should be recommended?
(Select all that apply. )
A) Crib mobile
B) Squeeze toys
C) Teething toys
D) Soft or furry quilt
E) Stuffed animals
Q2) Even infants can develop coping skills,which allow the infant to:
A) enhance speech development.
B) manage a stressful situation.
C) manipulate his environment.
D) increase parental bonding.
Q3) The parents of a 3-month-old complain that they are exhausted because she still wakes up as often as every 1 to 2 hours during the night.When she awakens,they change her diaper,and her mother nurses her back to sleep.The best suggestion would be to:
A) put her in parents' bed to cuddle.
B) give the baby a pacifier while the child is in a semi-awake state.
C) let her cry herself back to sleep.
D) give her a bottle of formula instead of breastfeeding her so often at night.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Early Childhood
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33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 2-year-old should be able to:
A) ride a tricycle.
B) climb stairs reciprocally.
C) run.
D) hop on two feet.
Q2) In the instruction about considerations relative to the use of car seats,the health-care worker lists that before a child should be allowed to sit in the front seat of a car,the child should be at least ____ years of age.
A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 13
Q3) In the clinic waiting room,a parent is showing an 18-month-old how to build a tower out of blocks.Toddlers:
A) use blocks at this age primarily for throwing.
B) are too young to imitate the behavior of others.
C) are capable of building a tower of blocks.
D) are unable to concentrate long enough to build a tower.
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10
Chapter 9: Middle Childhood
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35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 7-year-old is caught taking a playmate's toy.Which of the following reflects the development of this 7-year-old?
A) If punished, this child will not to do it again.
B) A child's sense of property rights is limited until that concept is modeled for him.
C) This stealing act indicates that something is seriously lacking in this child's life.
D) The child will learn the importance of respecting the property of others if the parents unexpectedly give away an item of his.
Q2) The Wechsler Primary Scale of Intelligence has been administered to a group of 7-year-olds.The parents of one of the children ask why this test is being administered to these children.The best response is:
A) "This test determines a child's overall intelligence."
B) "This test determines which children should be placed in a gifted program."
C) "This test determines which children should be placed in a remedial program."
D) "This test can be used to predict school ability and future performance."
Q3) The health-care worker designing a class on maintenance of good nutrition for middle childhood children would ensure each class lasted no more than ___ minutes.
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11
Chapter 10: Adolescence
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In planning sex education and contraceptive teaching for adolescents,the health-care worker should recognize that:
A) most adolescents today are knowledgeable about reproductive anatomy and physiology.
B) adolescents frequently do not have a basic understanding of fertility.
C) both contraception and sexual activity require planning.
D) most adolescents who become pregnant do so as an act of defiance against their parents.
Q2) When considering the effect of culture on an adolescent,the health-care worker recognizes that culture:
A) is synonymous with race.
B) refers to a group of people with similar physical attributes.
C) refers to the universal sequence of growth and development.
D) affects the development of health beliefs and health-care practices.
Q3) The initiation of puberty is controlled by the secretions from the:
A) gonads
B) hypothalamus.
C) anterior pituitary
D) posterior pituitary
Q4) The term__________ refers to the functional ability to reproduce.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Young Adulthood
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27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Kohlberg,young adults should develop moral reasoning as they mature;this moral reasoning is characterized by:
A) conforming to rules to gain recognition or reward.
B) taking responsibility for care of others.
C) obeying rules to avoid punishment.
D) maintaining a sense of life achievement.
Q2) Most young adults have ceased to grow when the __________ of the long bones fuse.
Q3) High schools and junior high schools are now offering classes in money management and parenting for the purpose of:
A) keeping adolescents interested in school.
B) giving minority populations increased insight to finances.
C) helping adolescents transition more easily to adulthood.
D) discouraging teen pregnancy.
Q4) Health maintenance instruction during young adulthood should be directed toward:
A) preparing for the inevitable physical decline.
B) halting age-related physiological changes.
C) teaching how to cope with chronic illness.
D) preventing illnesses caused by lifestyle choices.
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Chapter 12: Middle Adulthood
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Health maintenance during middle adulthood should be directed toward:
A) preventing illnesses due to lifestyle and physiological changes.
B) stopping the physiological aging process.
C) preparing for inevitable physical decline.
D) maintaining strength and endurance at the young adult level.
Q2) The health-care worker reminds the 55-year-old executive that,although he is busy,he should find time to engage in the recommended _____ hours of moderate exercise a week.
Q3) The health-care worker assesses for the physiological changes in the middle-aged person,which include: (Select all that apply. )
A) redistribution of fat.
B) increased muscle tone.
C) loss of skin elasticity.
D) thinning hair.
E) increasing energy.
Q4) The term climacteric refers to a time in life in which:
A) women have erratic menstrual cycles.
B) men have a decrease in libido.
C) women have completed menopause.
D) men become permanently impotent.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Late Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) The health-care worker is taking the health history of an older adult with the assistance of the patient's daughter,who is the caregiver.The assessment that would suggest that the patient may be abused is the:
A) patient is disoriented.
B) daughter has little knowledge of the patient's medical condition.
C) daughter handles the patient's finances.
D) daughter is involved in many community activities.
Q2) When designing a plan of care for the older adult,the health-care worker should consider the older adult's: (Select all that apply. )
A) income.
B) previous employment.
C) educational level.
D) date of retirement.
E) living arrangements.
Q3) A provision of the controversial Health Care Affordability Act of 2010 was to:
A) ration health care to the elderly.
B) provide wider health-care coverage.
C) limit hospital stays.
D) set up more community health clinics.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Advanced Old-Age and Geriatrics
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An appropriate strategy when teaching geriatric adults is to:
A) ask them to repeat what they heard because of possible hearing deficits.
B) use many videos and charts to keep their interest.
C) present all the material in one long session rather than two short ones.
D) speed up the presentation because of the short attention span.
Q2) Regarding cataracts,the most important point is that they:
A) are rare and are symptoms of other medical conditions.
B) block some of the light to the eye but do not cause blindness.
C) are a normal part of aging; most older people have cataracts in both eyes.
D) occur in both eyes and vision deteriorates at the same rate.
Q3) When developing a teaching plan for elders,the health-care worker may include family members and significant others because:
A) family support affects the elder's sense of well-being.
B) family members are responsible for care of the elder.
C) the family members may have conflicting views regarding health teaching topics.
D) families need to know how to foster dependence in the elder to prevent serious injury.
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Chapter 15: Planning for the End of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The best description of therapeutic communication related to terminally ill patients and their families would be that it is a(n):
A) goal-directed interaction that brings about the patient's insight.
B) purposeful interaction that is highly structured.
C) interaction guided by the needs of the patient and the health-care worker.
D) interaction that involves accepting the patient's emotional responses.
Q2) Patients and families progress through various stages of reactions when a diagnosis of a terminal illness is made.After the helplessness phase,a period of adjustment usually follows.This phase is characterized by:
A) social reintegration.
B) denial.
C) guilt.
D) acceptance.
Q3) A psychological death occurs begins when the:
A) dying person begins to discuss end-of-life rituals.
B) person is informed of a terminal illness.
C) terminally ill person gives up hope.
D) person loses confidence in his curative protocols.
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17
Chapter 16: Bereavement
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Sample Questions
Q1) A grief reaction that interferes with life's functions is:
A) mourning.
B) anticipatory grief.
C) bereavement.
D) dysfunctional grief.
Q2) Seven months ago,a 30-year-old man lost his wife in an automobile accident.His coworkers have become concerned about his mood swings from rage to uncontrolled crying.The health-care worker recognizes that this is:
A) normal grief due to the unexpectedness of his loss.
B) abnormal grief that may require psychological counseling.
C) a manifestation of a personality disorder.
D) outward expressions of grief that are considered normal.
Q3) _________________ is the outward expression of grief.
Q4) Several health-care workers have requested to attend the funeral of a patient for whom they felt especially close.The supervisor recognizes that attending the funeral is:
A) appropriate, because families always expect this expression of concern.
B) appropriate, because it can assist in the resolution of personal grief.
C) inappropriate, because it is unprofessional.
D) inappropriate, because it increases the potential for burnout.
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