Human Growth and Development
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Human Growth and Development explores the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur throughout the human lifespan, from conception to old age. This course examines major theories and research findings related to developmental milestones, individual differences, and the impact of biological, psychological, and environmental factors on growth. Students will gain an understanding of developmental stages, the influence of family, culture, and society, and the application of this knowledge in educational, clinical, and social service settings.
Recommended Textbook
Human Development 3rd Edition by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
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13 Chapters
3069 Verified Questions
3069 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: A Cultural Approach to Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of research method involves researchers spending a considerable amount of time among the people they wish to study, often by actually living among them?
A)ethnographic research
B)on-site research
C)group-processing research
D)survey research
Answer: A
Q2) According to Erikson, 3-year-old Thomas is developing a sense of self distinct from others and is therefore in the __________ stage of psychosocial development.
A)trust vs.mistrust
B)autonomy vs.shame and doubt
C)initiative vs.guilt
D)industry vs.inferiority
Answer: B
Q3) What are the components of socioeconomic status (SES)?
Answer: education level, income level, and occupational status
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Chapter 2: Genetics and Prenatal Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sperm and ova are produced by which of the following, respectively?
A)penis and uterus
B)scrotum and vulva
C)testes and ovaries
D)kidneys and pancreas
Answer: C
Q2) Which sexually transmitted infection is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus and results in damage to the immune system?
A)syphilis
B)herpes
C)gonorrhea
D)AIDS
Answer: D
Q3) Human sex cells, sperm and ova, each contain __________ chromosomes.
A)23
B)46
C)23 pairs
D)46 pairs
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Child
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224 Verified Questions
224 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following describes a neonate who was born small for date?
A)The circumference of the baby's head is 85% of that of other infants born the same gestational age.
B)The baby weighs less than 90% of other infants born at the same gestational age.
C)The baby is 10% shorter than other infants born the same gestational age.
D)The baby's height is 15% longer than that of other infants born at the same gestational age.
Answer: B
Q2) Most parents can generally distinguish between the different types of cries their infants make at __________ month(s).
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
Answer: A
Q3) Name two variables that correlate with breast-feeding in developed countries.
Answer: More highly educated mothers are more likely to breast-feed.Older mothers are more likely to breast-feed.
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Chapter 4: Infancy
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is meant by plasticity? Give an example.
Q2) Cognitive development in the __________ stage involves changing from reflex behavior to intentional action and the attainment of object permanence.
A)sensorimotor
B)preoperational
C)concrete operations
D)formal operations
Q3) Piaget's stages view cognitive growth as __________, whereas the information-processing approach views cognitive changes as __________.
A)external; internal
B)internal; external
C)discontinuous; continuous
D)continuous; discontinuous
Q4) __________ are emotions that require social learning.
A)Primary emotions
B)Secondary emotions
C)Reflexive emotions
D)Basic emotions
Q5) What is the still-face paradigm, and what conclusions were drawn from it?
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Chapter 5: Toddlerhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly explain the red-nose test and what researchers were measuring when they gave this test to toddlers.What were the findings?
Q2) __________ is the process in which toddlers learn and remember a word for an object after being told what the object is called just one time.
A)Overregulation
B)Fast mapping
C)Super quick learning
D)Exponential encoding
Q3) In Harry Harlow's (1958) classic study on attachment, which of the following "mothers" did the baby monkeys prefer?
A)terry cloth
B)wire mesh
C)cotton balls
D)wood
Q4) What is observed among children who do not receive an adequate amount of iodine?
A)They actually outperform developed countries due to their work ethic.
B)There are no differences in IQ.
C)They show IQ deficiencies of 10 to 15 points.
D)They show IQ gains of 5 to 10 points.
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Chapter 6: Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Olivia is beginning to show a definite preference for using her left hand.She is most likely in which developmental stage?
A)early childhood
B)infancy
C)prenatal
D)middle childhood
Q2) Michael's father is amazed at the how much his daughter Emily's vocabulary has grown from the time she was 3 to her 6th birthday.You tell Michael that from age 3 to age 6, the average child's vocabulary __________.
A)grows by 50%
B)grows by 75%
C)doubles
D)more than doubles
Q3) According to Piaget, children's mistakes on conservation tasks are due to two kinds of deficiencies.Discuss one of them.
Q4) Are there sex differences in height and weight between the ages of 3 and 6 years? Explain.
Q5) Describe two characteristics of children that put them at risk for being abused.
Q6) Describe how parents can help young children develop effortful control.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following forms of intelligence make up Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?
A)analytical, creative, and practical
B)sensorimotor, preoperational, and concrete operations
C)linguistic, musical, and bodily-kinesthetic
D)intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalistic
Q2) A friend of yours has a son with ADHD who is being treated with medication.She told you that her son is paying better attention in school, is getting better grades, and has more friends.She is still concerned about the potential side effects of the medication.What negative side effects would you tell her to look for that might be related to taking the medication?
A)slower physical growth and higher risk of depression
B)lethargy and a larger appetite that increases the likelihood of obesity
C)decreased intelligence and delayed cognitive development
D)loss of bone density and delayed motor coordination
Q3) What is the most common cause of injury in middle childhood?
A)sports-related injuries
B)accidental poisoning
C)bicycle accidents
D)falling
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Chapter 8: Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Critics have waged an international campaign against __________, citing it as a cruel and inhumane practice, yet it is still viewed as necessary in many African cultures in order __________.
A)male vasectomies; for a young man to be an acceptable marriage partner
B)male circumcision; for a young man to be an acceptable marriage partner
C)female mastectomies; for a young woman to be an acceptable marriage partner
D)female circumcision; for a young woman to be an acceptable marriage partner
Q2) Comparing the rates of eating disorder symptoms in adolescent girls in Germany and Finland to girls in the United States, it is clear that rates are __________ in the United States.
A)much higher
B)slightly higher
C)much lower
D)similar
Q3) The process of thinking persistently about bad feelings and experiences is called
A)depression
B)rumination
C)mentalization
D)moodiness
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Chapter 9: Emerging Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your uncle and aunt are pretty unhappy with your cousin, who is taking 6 years to complete an undergraduate degree.You tell your aunt and uncle that the average time to complete an undergraduate degree in the United States is __________.
A)4 years
B)5 years
C)6 years
D)7 years
Q2) Looking back on the days when you first started driving, what aspects, if any, of a graduated driver licensing program (GDL) would have made you a better/safer driver? Explain.
Q3) What percentage of emerging adults who return to their parents' home move out again within 1 year?
A)25%
B)35%
C)66%
D)75%
Q4) Is emerging adulthood a universal period of human development? Why or why not?
Q5) Briefly describe the changes in women's participation in tertiary education.
Q6) Describe how emerging adults use media to engage with their parents.
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Chapter 10: Young Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the basis of an arranged marriage?
A)education, fertility, wealth
B)family status, religion, wealth
C)fertility, education, religion
D)healthy, family status, wealth
Q2) __________, which is released by fat cells to signal that the body has had enough to eat, also influences basal metabolic rate (BMR).
A)Acetylcholine
B)Serotonin
C)Melatonin
D)Leptin
Q3) Which of the following individuals is likely to spend the least amount of time exercising?
A)Jerome, who is of high SES and male
B)Tammy, who is of low SES and female
C)Mike, who is of low SES and male
D)Ramona, who is of middle SES and female
Q4) Describe the semi-arranged marriages of the East.Are there any similarities to the way mate selection occurs in Western countries? Are there any benefits? Explain.
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Chapter 11: Middle Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is coronary heart disease so high in countries like Denmark?
A)high rates of alcohol consumption
B)extreme weather conditions
C)a diet high in fat
D)large consumption of high carbohydrate foods
Q2) Compare the organizational career to the protean career.Describe the benefits and challenges of the protean career path.
Q3) One of the most important physical changes of midlife, which occurs in the reproductive system as fertility declines in males and females, is called __________.
A)menopause
B)the climacteric
C)infertility
D)erectile dysfunction
Q4) Among food-service workers, expertise increases from young adulthood to middle adulthood in what three areas?
A)knowledge, organizational skills, and social skills
B)technical skills, leadership skills, and management skills
C)social skills, analytical skills, and technical flexibility
D)analytic skills, knowledge, and leadership skills
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Chapter 12: Late Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) About __________ of adults older than 80 report some degree of impairment in taste and smell.
A)one-third
B)one-half
C)two-thirds
D)three-fourths
Q2) What type of attention is the ability to concentrate on a task for an extended period of time?
A)selective attention
B)deprived attention
C)divided attention
D)sustained attention
Q3) Your grandmother has been living alone for the past 14 years, since your grandfather died.She is 86 years old and your parents have been discussing the possibility of having her come to live with them.Your grandmother is likely to prefer living __________.
A)with a friend
B)alone and independently
C)with your parents-she is lonely
D)in a nursing home or other long-term institution
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Death and Afterlife Beliefs
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Sample Questions
Q1) What concept explains why some adolescents who have been diagnosed with a terminal illness refuse to believe they really will die soon?
A)fear of dying
B)weak ego development
C)imaginary audience
D)personal fable
Q2) Your older brother is 28 years old and smokes.He claims that a lot of people smoke today.Is he accurate?
A)No, only 15% of American adults smoke.
B)No, only 28% of American adults smoke.
C)Yes, 48% of American adults smoke.
D)Yes, 58% of American adults smoke.
Q3) Subsequent research that has examined Kübler-Ross's theory has found that
A)most terminally ill patients go through her stages just as she described
B)there was very little application of the theory to terminally ill patients
C)it was too complicated and not able to be evaluated through research
D)few terminally ill patients go through her stages in sequence, if at all
Q4) Are there gender differences in resilience after the death of a spouse? Explain.
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