Human Development
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Human Development explores the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that individuals experience throughout their lifespan. The course examines key theories and research findings that explain how people grow and adapt from infancy through old age. Topics include prenatal development, childhood and adolescent growth, personality and identity formation, relationships, and the effects of culture and environment on development. Students will also analyze common milestones, challenges, and variations in development, with an emphasis on applying this knowledge in educational, clinical, and everyday contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Human Development A Life-Span View 3rd Edition by Christine Ateah
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17 Chapters
1788 Verified Questions
1788 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Study of Human Development
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who would be most likely to make the statement: "Life is about consequences!"?
A) George, who is an Eriksonian theorist
B) Jane, who is a cognitive-developmental theorist
C) Elroy, who is an ecological theorist
D) Judy, who is a behaviourist
Answer: D
Q2) Dr. Lund stages a fire drill at the elementary school in order to study how children respond to potential emergency situations. Which method is Dr. Lund using?
A) structured observation
B) naturalistic observation
C) self-report
D) experiment
Answer: A
Q3) In which theory is the epigenetic principle a key component?
A) social cognitive theory
B) ecological theory
C) information-processing theory
D) psychosocial theory
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biological Foundations
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) While observing a special monitor, a physician tells an expectant mother, "As you can see, the legs and arms have just begun to emerge." From this description, what are they looking at?
A) the zygote
B) the fetus
C) the embryo
D) the germ disc
Answer: C
Q2) Bryant has unusual facial features (i.e., short nose and wide-set eyes) and shows signs of mental retardation. What did Bryant's mother most likely do while she was pregnant?
A) She consumed alcohol.
B) She injected heroin.
C) She smoked marijuana.
D) She consumed an excessive amount of caffeine.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Tools for Exploring the World
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148 Verified Questions
148 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr. Quillan is measuring the point at which an infant can no longer differentiate between a striped-patterned stimulus and a grey square. What is Dr. Quillan most likely attempting to measure?
A) the infant's depth perception
B) the infant's retinal disparity
C) the infant's visual acuity
D) the infant's ability to perceive different shapes
Answer: C
Q2) Tomomi has mastered balancing, stepping, and the perceptual skills necessary to negotiate her way around. What do we call the process of putting all these skills together to enable her to walk?
A) integration
B) differentiation
C) coordination
D) perception
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Entering the Social World
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to research, which ethnicity of babies tends to be fearful and emotionally negative?
A) Russian
B) Chinese
C) French
D) African American
Q2) At approximately what age is the first altruistic behaviour most likely to appear?
A) 12 months of age
B) 18 months of age
C) 24 months of age
D) 30 months of age
Q3) There are many negative emotions. Which one do researchers have little knowledge about?
A) distress
B) sadness
C) disgust
D) surprise
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Growing and Learning in the Preschool Years
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text, what is the single most important factor in a child's growth of his/her vocabulary?
A) his/her age
B) his/her listening skills
C) his/her language environment
D) his/her language mentor/teacher(s)
Q2) Dr. Grainger is attempting to determine the zone of proximal development for Diane when Diane works on complex mazes. In order to do so, Dr. Grainger must measure Diane's personal performance on the maze and something else. What else must Dr. Grainger measure?
A) Diane's performance on several other Piagetian tasks
B) Diane's maze performance when assisted by a skilled helper
C) Diane's peers' performance on the same maze
D) how well Diane performed on the same maze earlier in her life
Q3) Which of the following is a grammatical morpheme?
A) "fish"
B) "-ing"
C) "fishing"
D) "fisherman"
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Interacting and the Work of Play
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92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would likely lead to a significant drop in the incidence of physical child abuse?
A) wiping out poverty
B) having the entire world adopt child-rearing strategies like those seen in Canada
C) eliminating government intervention into parenting issues
D) encouraging parents to adopt an authoritarian style
Q2) According to research, there are two general dimensions of parental behaviour. One of those dimensions is the degree of warmth and responsiveness shown to children by their parents. What is the other dimension?
A) the amount of control
B) the amount of discipline
C) the amount of freedom given to children
D) the amount of time spent with children
Q3) Which of the following is a finding of researchers studying sex differences?
A) Males are more aggressive.
B) Males are more likely to comply with the directions of adults.
C) Females are likely to have language-related problems.
D) Females receive substantially lower grades in math courses.
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8
Chapter 7: Off to School
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the causal relationship between consumption and ADHD?
A) Both food allergies and sugar have been shown to be major causes of ADHD.
B) Only food allergies have been shown to be a major cause of ADHD.
C) Only sugar consumption has been shown to be a major cause of ADHD.
D) Neither food allergies nor sugar are major causes of ADHD.
Q2) What do all psychometricians focus on?
A) testing
B) physiology
C) social development
D) psychopathology
Q3) Siegler identified several factors that contribute to improved reading comprehension in children. Which of the following was one of those factors?
A) gender
B) increased experience
C) increased age
D) subject matter
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Chapter 8: Expanding Social Horizons
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which child comes from a country where there are concerns about the only child becoming a selfish individual?
A) Pedro, who comes from Spain
B) Liang, who comes from China
C) Sofia, who comes from Italy
D) Genevieve, who comes from France
Q2) Clyde is quite a character. He is very well liked by some people in his class but is very much disliked by some others. What kind of child does Clyde exemplify?
A) a popular child
B) a rejected child
C) an average child
D) a controversial child
Q3) Who most likely made the statement, "friends are loyal to the end!"?
A) a 3-year-old
B) a 6-year-old
C) a 9-year-old
D) a 12-year-old
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Chapter 9: Rites of Passage
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During puberty, there are changes in physical maturity that are not directly linked to reproduction. What are they called?
A) primary sex characteristics
B) secondary sex characteristics
C) tertiary sex characteristics
D) instrumental sex characteristics
Q2) According to Kohlberg's original theory, how many levels of moral reasoning are there, and how many stages does each level contain?
A) There are two levels, and each contains two stages.
B) There are three levels, and each contains two stages.
C) There are two levels, and each contains three stages.
D) There are three levels, and each contains three stages.
Q3) What kinds of judgments characterize postconventional moral thinking?
A) judgments made according to a personal code of behaviour
B) judgments made according to a set of society's laws
C) judgments made according to a list of parental "dos and don'ts"
D) judgments made according to a egocentric self-schema
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11
Chapter 10: Moving into the Adult Social World
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is least likely to engage in sexual behaviour?
A) Kelly, who has a difficult relationship with her parents and whose peers have already had sex
B) Julie, who has a close relationship with her parents and whose friends have already had sex
C) Joe, who has parents who do not monitor his activities closely
D) Sara, who has a close relationship with her parents and whose friends have not already had sex
Q2) What do we call the phenomenon whereby an individual believes that he or she is like an actor on a stage who is under constant watch by others?
A) the personal fable
B) the imaginary audience
C) learned helplessness
D) diffusion status
Q3) According to the text, how can part-time work be of benefit to a teen?
A) Part-time employment encourages saving money for post-secondary education.
B) When teens work in order to save money, they tend to be more independent.
C) Summer jobs are highly associated with less disposable time to spend money.
D) Jobs that require the use of some skill tend to enhance self-esteem.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Becoming an Adult
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lana and Anna are sisters. As they have gotten older, Lana's cognitive skills have improved, while Anna's have declined. What does this situation suggest about abilities?
A) They have multidimensionality.
B) They have multidirectionality.
C) They have interindividual variability.
D) They have plasticity.
Q2) Which of the following best reflects a "social clock?"
A) David wants to be a millionaire by age 30.
B) Ivana has been married four times.
C) Maria can accurately remember her adolescent "coming-out" party.
D) Truman is presently going through puberty.
Q3) Kyle is 19 years old. He is living in his own apartment and going to college, and he has a part-time job to supplement the money his parents are giving him for living expenses. What term is used to define the point at which Kyle has arrived at in his life?
A) adolescent
B) emerging adulthood
C) adult
D) rite of passage
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Chapter 12: Being with Others
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What happens to marital satisfaction when there are children involved?
A) Couples with children show a decline in marital satisfaction while those without children show an increase.
B) Couples who are child-free due to infertility tend to have high levels of marital satisfaction.
C) Most couples tend to show little increased conflict due to the birth of a child.
D) The birth of a child is usually viewed as a positive event, even though it is associated with a decrease in marital satisfaction.
Q2) Why is the strong intimate sharing component that characterizes most female friendships not as common in male friendships?
A) because females are more comfortable with their sexuality
B) because females are more comfortable with their avoidance of feelings
C) because females are more comfortable with logic and facts
D) because females are more comfortable with their vulnerability
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14
Chapter 13: Work and Leisure
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following women is most likely to be providing care for a parent?
A) Chloe, who is 23
B) Samantha, who is 37
C) Jocelyn, who is 46
D) Mariah, who is 61
Q2) What happens to job satisfaction over time?
A) It does not increase with age in all job types and areas.
B) It remains stable across time.
C) It increases with age, no matter what.
D) It follows no clear pattern.
Q3) Which of the following was listed by your textbook as the main purpose of working?
A) being able to manage the challenge of a family and household at the same time
B) helping to develop a sense of worth in oneself
C) earning a living
D) learning how to cope with stress
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Chapter 14: Making It in Midlife
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is at the greatest risk of currently experiencing osteoporosis?
A) Maria, who is a 20-year-old female
B) George, who is a 30-year-old male
C) Emily, who is a 50-year-old female
D) Abe, who is a 70-year-old male
Q2) Every day when Mario drives to work, someone else is parked in his space. While not being a "major deal," it does cause Mario a great deal of irritation. What kind of problem is this?
A) a stagnation
B) an aggravation
C) an encapsulation
D) a hassle
Q3) Kay always does her best to make sure her children, parents, in-laws, and siblings get together for holidays, anniversaries, and birthdays. How would you best describe Kay?
A) She is a Type A personality.
B) She is a cultural conservator.
C) She is a kinkeeper.
D) She is encapsulated.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: The Personal Context of Later Life
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a more common term used to describe cerebral vascular accidents?
A) transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
B) vascular dementia
C) myocardial infarction
D) strokes
Q2) Which sort of medication would be least likely prescribed for depression?
A) levodopa
B) SSRIs
C) MAOIs
D) HCAs
Q3) As people reach old age, which of the following nutrient deficiencies are they likely to experience?
A) vitamin C
B) carbohydrate
C) fat
D) Vitamin B12
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Chapter 16: Social Aspects of Later Life
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the most commonly reported type of abuse?
A) physical abuse
B) emotional or psychological abuse
C) abandonment
D) financial or material abuse
Q2) While attempting to cope with the death of her sister, Megan decides to participate in a spontaneous celebration of life sponsored by a local church. What does participation in this celebration illustrate?
A) the use of a spiritual support
B) the use of a secular support
C) the use of a tertiary support
D) the use of a docility support
Q3) All of the following individuals are currently in jobs that challenge them to need to perform at their average level of competence. Who would be entering his or her "maximum comfort zone?"
A) Janet, whose job just got significantly harder
B) Tyson, whose job just got slightly harder
C) Jerry, whose job just got slightly easier
D) Mark, whose job just got significantly easier
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Page 18
Chapter 17: The Final Passage
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does grief work refer to?
A) the social side of coming to terms with bereavement
B) the psychological side of coming to terms with bereavement
C) the physical side of coming to terms with bereavement
D) the financial side of coming to terms with bereavement
Q2) In general, how does one define death?
A) It varies within and between cultures.
B) It is the same for everyone within a culture.
C) It is the same across all cultures.
D) It never changes.
Q3) Which process includes working through emotional turmoil and loosening ties to the deceased?
A) the mourning process
B) death anxiety process
C) the bereavement process
D) grief work
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