Human Development and Family Science
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Course Introduction
Human Development and Family Science explores the dynamic processes of human growth and development across the lifespan within the context of family and social systems. The course examines physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development from infancy through old age, emphasizing the influence of diverse family structures, cultural backgrounds, and societal factors on individuals well-being. Students will analyze theories of development, assess research methods in the field, and evaluate the impact of relationships, parenting, life transitions, and community resources on family functioning. The course prepares students for careers in education, counseling, social services, and related professions that support healthy individual and family development.
Recommended Textbook
Marriages and Families 8th Edition by Nijole
V. Benokraitis
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Page 2
Chapter 1: he Changing Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) During a debate about families, Carlos states that it is important to have a cross-cultural and global perspective.However, Clark argues otherwise and states that having a local perspective will serve businesses better.Which of the following is an accurate statement that weakens Clark's argument?
A) Many critics have observed that information and understanding about different cultures tend to foster conflicts.
B) Studies show that there has been a significant rise in the number of endogamous marriages since the last few decades.
C) The Internet has significantly reduced the need for us to learn and know about other societies and cultures.
D) The world today is an international place where the changes facing families are not only national but are also global.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Studying the Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ proposes that the struggle for power and competition for wealth is desirable because it improves people's lives.
A) structural-functional theory
B) family systems theory
C) symbolic interaction theory
D) conflict theory
Answer: D
Q2) Anthony, a sociologist, believes that feminist theories that focus on diversity are generally flawed.Which of the following statements is an accurate statement that strengthens his view?
A) Feminists overlook commonalities in families that make them more similar than different.
B) Feminists advocate that women should be given more rights and privileges than men.
C) Feminists that focus on diversity often include various forms of oppression such as those based on age and disability.
D) Feminists focus on wage inequality but ignore personal issues.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: The Family in Historical Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the 1800s, Mexican women typically worked ________.
A) as miners
B) on the railroads
C) in canning houses
D) in low-level urban occupations
Answer: C
Q2) Casilde, a young woman with a college degree, has frequent arguments with her aunt, Martha, who tries to advise her on womanhood.If Martha's ideal of womanhood is strongly influenced by the cult of domesticity, which of the following is Martha most likely to do?
A) She is likely to encourage Casilde to pursue a career before she begins a family.
B) She is likely to discourage Casilde from getting married early and get more involved in public life.
C) She is likely to ask Casilde to balance her career goals with her family needs.
D) She is likely to persuade Casilde to give up her job and learn the art of managing a house.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Racial and Ethnic Families: Strengths and Stresses
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Q1) Adam Gillhorn and Derek Cosby are students of sociology.Adam claims that low-income African American parents and their children generally behave irresponsibly and make poor decisions.Derek believes that low-income African American families are more responsible as they have to adapt to problems beyond their control.Which of the following statements strengthens Derek's argument?
A) Most African American men in low-income families are employed and work hard to support their wives and children.
B) Low-income African American youth usually make good purchasing decisions.
C) African American children from low-income families are more likely to grow up in households with both parents.
D) Black married men in low-income families are more likely than women to do most of the traditional chores, such as cooking, cleaning, and laundry, and to be overworked.
Q2) Discuss the strengths of African American families.
Q3) What are the strengths of the Latino American family system?
Q4) What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
Q5) Write a note on the health and economic well-being of Asian Americans.
Q6) Why have many Asian American families become successful?
Q7) Discuss gender roles within Asian American families.
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Chapter 5: Socialization and Gender Roles
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ refers to a person's perception of themselves as either masculine or feminine.
A) Gender identity
B) Gender stereotype
C) Gender role
D) Sex
Q2) Which of the following is an example of nonverbal sexual harassment?
A) Tammy's colleague, Jack often passes lewd comments at her during work.
B) Melissa sends a note to her colleague, Toby, asking him to join her for a drink.
C) Howard calls Phil for a meeting, and offers to hire him in return for a sexual favor.
D) Peter stares and leers at Johanna while she works at her desk.
Q3) Explain gender script.
Q4) Which of the following best describes "the feminization of higher education"?
A) Women are more likely than men to have doctoral degrees.
B) Men tend to score higher in exams than women.
C) Women are more likely than men to teach in high schools.
D) Women are more likely than men to finish college.
Q5) Illustrate the cognitive development theory with the help of an example.
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Chapter 6: Love and Loving Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which perspective maintains that love serves the evolutionary purpose of drawing males and females into long-term relationships that are essential to child rearing?
A) biological
B) psychological
C) anthropological
D) sociological
Q2) Which of the following is an example of the pragma style of love?
A) Judith and David share a deep affection for each other but their relationship lacks passion and excitement.
B) Though Stella and Tom have been facing marital problems, Stella plans to divorce Tom only once she finds a job for herself.
C) Mia is obsessed about her relationship with Steven and she often experiences sleeplessness and anxiety because of it.
D) Clarice is patient and compassionate toward her husband and does not expect anything in return from him.
Q3) Briefly describe a characteristic of love.
Q4) How do gestures differ in romantic love in comparison with long-term love?
Q5) Why is love unrequited? Explain with the help of reasons.
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Chapter 7: Sexuality and Sexual Expression throughout Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) A micro explanation for extramarital sex is ________.
A) economic problems
B) a longer life
C) technological advances
D) excitement
Q2) Which of the following traits is common to homosexual men and heterosexual women?
A) Both are bisexual.
B) Both consider themselves members of the opposite sex.
C) Both lack the desire for sex.
D) Both are sexually attracted to men.
Q3) Which of the following is an indicator of the persistence of the sexual double standard?
A) An adolescent girl's popularity increases if she has several sexual partners at a time.
B) Men and women are expected to communicate about sex to each other.
C) Men who commit sexual assaults on women are given harsh punishment.
D) Women undergo vaginal surgery so that their partners can experience sex with a virgin.
Q4) With the help of an example, explain insecurity reasons for having sex.
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Chapter 8: Choosing Others: Dating and Mate Selection
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Q1) What is a traditional date? Explain.
Q2) People aged 45 and older are the fastest-growing group of online dating service users, and those aged 55 and older are visiting online dating sites more than any other age group.Which of the following is a reason behind this?
A) Older women prefer face-to-face dating over Internet dating.
B) Personal classified advertisements offer their clients a lot of privacy.
C) The youngest baby boomers who turned 65 in 2011 are looking for new mates.
D) A majority of people in the age group of 40-60 years find online dating time consuming.
Q3) George is an African American who belongs to an upper-class, Christian family.He marries Tanya, a middle-class woman, who belongs to a Hindu family from India.Their marriage is an example of ________.
A) homogamy
B) heterogamy
C) endogamy
D) polygyny
Q4) Briefly describe the principle of least interest.
Q5) How is the concept of bride price different from dowry? Explain.
Q6) What are stayovers? What are some of its advantages?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Singlehood, Cohabitation, Civil Unions, and Other Options
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Q1) A ________ is a long-term commitment between two people who don't plan to marry.
A) trial marriage
B) marital cohabitation
C) substitute marriage
D) dating cohabitation
Q2) During a debate about marriages, Jim is of the opinion that there is a direct correlation between a woman's salary and her willingness to get married.However, Carlos disagrees and states that there is no direct relationship between salary and marriage.Which of the following is an accurate statement that strengthens Jim's argument?
A) Women with high salaries and education levels are often unwilling to settle down with men who earn less than they do.
B) Due to the rise of feminism, most women in America are opposed to marrying men who earn more money than them.
C) Employment decreases a woman's chances of meeting eligible men and may reduce her attractiveness to potential suitors.
D) Studies have shown that due to "glass ceiling" effect, many women are increasingly wary of marrying men in higher positions.
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Chapter 10: Marriage and Communication in Intimate Relationships
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Q1) ________ refers to the specific ways that married couples define their behavior and structure their time.
A) Marital roles
B) Marital burnout
C) Marital bargaining
D) Marital conflict
Q2) The process by which newly married partners modify their idealized expectations and deal with the realities of living together is called ________.
A) identity bargaining
B) cognitive bias
C) cognitive dissonance
D) role conflict
Q3) Couples in conflict-habituated marriages differ from couples in total marriages in that couples in conflict-habituated marriages ________.
A) participate in each other's lives at all levels
B) have few areas of tension or unresolved hostility
C) believe that feuding is an acceptable way to try to solve problems
D) spend a lot of time together out, but out of obligation rather than love
Q4) Describe the functions of an engagement.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: To Be or Not to Be a Parent: More Choices, More
Constraints
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Q1) How do African American women or teens differ from Latinas with regard to using contraceptives?
A) African American women have lesser percentage of unintended births than their Latina counterparts.
B) African American women between the ages of 15 to 44 are less likely to use contraceptives than their Latina counterparts.
C) Never married African American teens are less likely to have used contraceptives in their last sexual intercourse when compared to their Latina counterparts.
D) African American women living on low income are more likely to use contraceptives than Latinas living on high-income.
Q2) Briefly describe a few benefits of becoming a parent.
Q3) Some social scientists believe that same-sex couples adopt children in order to be socially accepted as parents.However, critics to this theory maintain that both same-sex couples and heterosexual couples adopt for the same reasons.Provide an explanation that justifies the critics' view.
Q4) Briefly explain teen pregnancy and contraceptive usage in America.
Q5) Briefly explain yes-no couples.
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Chapter 12: Raising Children: Promises and Pitfalls
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Q1) Which of the following is a characteristic of helicopter parents?
A) overinvolvement
B) indifference
C) empowering
D) unresponsiveness
Q2) Barry is the father of seven-year-old Kevin.Barry believes that adopting an authoritative parenting style would help Kevin grow up to become a mature, responsible adult.Which of the following, if true, would strengthen his belief?
A) Healthy child development is most likely when parents consistently combine warmth and discipline.
B) Children grow up to be responsible adults when they learn to accept parental authority without questioning them.
C) Research indicates that healthy child development occurs when parents are detached from their children and do not interfere in their affairs.
D) A child grows up to become a balanced, responsible adult when parents are indulgent and avoid being demanding.
Q3) What are the effects of corporal punishment on children?
Q4) Discuss three factors that cause role strain for parents.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: The Economy and Family Life
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Q1) Which of the following is a characteristic of work?
A) It produces goods, not services.
B) It is limited to physical activities.
C) It consists solely of mental activities.
D) It provides a sense of stability.
Q2) What are some of the criticisms against labor unions?
Q3) James, who has a history of drug and alcohol abuse, has been living on the streets since the past ten years.In this scenario, James can be classified as a(n)_________.
A) economic homeless
B) transitory homeless
C) chronic homeless
D) financial homeless
Q4) ________ are people who have part-time jobs but want full-time work or whose jobs are below their experience, skill, and education level.
A) Discouraged workers
B) Hidden workers
C) Underemployed workers
D) Overemployed workers
Q5) What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of hiring part-time workers?
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Chapter 14: Domestic Violence and Other Family Health
Issues
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Q1) The use of force against a child that can or does cause bodily injury is referred to as ________ abuse.
A) emotional
B) psychological
C) physical
D) sexual
Q2) Lily, a student, is known for her binge eating habit.However, after each meal, she self-induces vomit and engages in rigorous and excessive exercise in order to shed weight.In this scenario, Lily suffers from a condition known as ________.
A) bulimia
B) nervosa
C) anorexia
D) pica
Q3) Which of the following is true of the ecological systems theory?
A) It explains domestic violence as a product of patriarchy.
B) It states that people accept abuse as they believe "they deserve it."
C) It states that women stay in abusive relationships for financial benefits.
D) It explains domestic violence as a relation between macro and micro variables.
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Chapter 15: Separation, Divorce, Remarriage, and Stepfamilies
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Q1) Describe a suitable scenario that would be an example of split custody.
Q2) List and discuss the different types of stepfamilies.
Q3) The ________ stage involves developing a relationship between a partner and the children of the new spouse.
A) parental remarriage
B) community remarriage
C) psychic remarriage
D) emotional remarriage
Q4) Gail, who has recently gotten married for the second time, tells her friend Sharon, who is also in her second marriage, that she wants this marriage to be successful as a stepmother.Which of the following is an accurate statement that would prove beneficial to Gail?
A) She should restrict the children from mourning their losses.
B) She should take the role of the disciplinarian.
C) She should forge a strong couple relationship with her partner.
D) She should continue the exact same rituals of her previous marriage.
Q5) Melissa debates with her mother that early marriage has nothing to do with divorce.Give a suitable answer that would weaken Melissa's argument.
Q6) Discuss the difficulties that are encountered in a same-sex divorce.
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Chapter 16: Families in Later Life
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Q1) The people of Marksenia have high-pressure jobs and most of them die at the average age of 60.This number would be referred to as the ________ of Marksenia.
A) living will
B) life fitness
C) life expectancy
D) old-age dependency ratio
Q2) Which of the following is true of involved and influential grandparents?
A) They live far apart from their grandchildren and see each other infrequently.
B) They don't talk to their grandchildren due to indifferences with their parents.
C) They can be spontaneous and playful and exert authority at times.
D) They only serve as an advisor to their grandchildren.
Q3) Discuss the various phases of grief.
Q4) Gail believes that her sister and she are hostile siblings.Which of the following statements will weaken Gail's claim?
A) They have had negative ties for a long time.
B) They talk ill of the other to their friends.
C) They resent each other and rarely meet.
D) They consider each other to be their confidant.
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Page 18