Human Development Across the Lifespan Exam Review
Course Introduction
Human Development Across the Lifespan explores the biological, cognitive, emotional, and social changes individuals experience from conception through old age. The course examines key developmental theories and research findings, focusing on the interplay between genetic, environmental, and cultural influences at each stage of life. Students will gain an understanding of how people grow and adapt in areas such as identity, relationships, learning, and well-being, and analyze how these processes impact behavior and outcomes across diverse populations.
Recommended Textbook
Exploring Lifespan Development 3rd edition by Laura E. Berk
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
19 Chapters
2078 Verified Questions
2078 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1379
Page 2
Chapter 1: History, theory, and Research Strategies
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27481
Sample Questions
Q1) In a __________,researchers use a flexible,conversational style to probe for the participant's point of view.
A) naturalistic observation
B) clinical interview
C) structured observation
D) self-report
Answer: B
Q2) A major limitation of naturalistic observation is that
A) it does not reflect the way participants actually behave in everyday life.
B) it may not result in accurate reporting of information.
C) it tells more about the participants' reasoning and motivation than it does about their typical behavior.
D) not all participants have the same opportunity to display a particular behavior in everyday life.
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Genetic and Environmental Foundations
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27482
Sample Questions
Q1) Vernon is an active,friendly baby.He receives more social stimulation from his parents than Vivian,who is a passive,quiet infant.This is an example of a(n)__________ gene-environment correlation.
A) active
B) evocative
C) dynamic
D) passive
Answer: B
Q2) Abnormalities of the sex chromosomes
A) tend to cause mental retardation.
B) often cause aggressive and antisocial behavior.
C) typically lead to miscarriage.
D) usually lead to fewer problems than abnormalities of the autosomes.
Answer: D
Q3) The cytoplasm is the
A) area surrounding the cell nucleus.
B) biological foundation on which our characteristics are built.
C) fertilized ovum.
D) control center of the cell.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27483
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following individuals is the most likely to experience the greatest percentage of REM sleep?
A) Cheryl, a preterm newborn
B) Jake, a full-term newborn
C) Sammy, a preschool child
D) Sarah, a teenager
Answer: A
Q2) The sense of vision
A) is well-developed at birth.
B) is the least developed of a newborn's senses.
C) becomes adultlike a few days after birth.
D) is more developed at birth than the sense of hearing.
Answer: B
Q3) The smell of __________ is likely to make Baby Meredith frown.
A) chocolate
B) bananas
C) rotten eggs
D) milk
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27484
Sample Questions
Q1) Visual acuity improves steadily,reaching an adult level of about 20/20 by A) 6 months.
B) the end of the first year.
C) 2 years.
D) 4 years.
Q2) A researcher hangs a mobile over the crib of 4-month-old Anya.When the researcher attaches Anya's foot to the mobile with a long cord,Anya can,by kicking,make the mobile turn.The turning of the mobile is an example of a(n) A) reinforcer.
B) punishment.
C) unconditioned stimulus.
D) conditioned response.
Q3) Skeletal age is measured by determining A) muscle and bone strength.
B) the length of the long bones.
C) the extent to which cartilage has hardened into bone.
D) joint flexibility.
Q4) What influence does heredity have on physical growth?
Q6) Describe the development of pattern perception. Page 6
Q5) Explain dynamic systems theory of motor development.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 7
Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27485
Sample Questions
Q1) Information-processing researchers
A) focus on interactions between the various core domains of thought.
B) focus on general concepts, such as assimilation and accommodation, to describe how children think.
C) want to know exactly what individuals of different ages do when faced with a task or problem.
D) assume that learning takes place within the zone of proximal development.
Q2) Although infants in Piaget's sensorimotor Substage 4 have begun to master object permanence,
A) their schemes have a hit-or-miss quality.
B) they still make the A-not-B search error.
C) they are not yet able to retrieve hidden objects.
D) their schemes appear as sudden solutions.
Q3) Toddlers' __________ reflect their sensitivity to categories.
A) overextensions
B) underextensions
C) babbles
D) preverbal gestures
Q4) Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the information-processing perspective.
Q5) Define and describe the Piagetian concept of schemes.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 6: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27486
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Erikson's theory,when __________,the psychological conflict of the first year-basic trust versus mistrust-is resolved on the positive side.
A) the parents are perfectly in tune with the baby's needs
B) the balance of care is sympathetic and loving
C) the amount of food and oral stimulation offered meets the baby's needs
D) the baby learns to meet her own needs
Q2) In the Strange Situation,a baby who demonstrates a secure attachment
A) is unresponsive to the parent when she is present and does not show distress when she leaves.
B) uses the parent as a secure base and actively seeks contact when the parent returns.
C) clings to the parent and fails to explore.
D) shows confused, contradictory behaviors.
Q3) Mounting evidence indicates that __________ determine(s)whether attachment security is linked to later development.
A) cognitive capabilities
B) infant temperament
C) continuity of caregiving
D) heredity
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27487
Sample Questions
Q1) Time devoted to watching educational programs,such as Sesame Street,is associated with __________ in elementary school.
A) higher aggression
B) academic progress
C) being overweight
D) more behavior problems
Q2) Piaget __________ preschoolers' __________.
A) underestimated; magical thinking
B) overestimated; animistic beliefs
C) overestimated; abstract thinking
D) underestimated; egocentrism
Q3) When children who lack growth hormone (GH)are given synthetic injections of GH starting at an early age,they
A) grow normally until the beginning of puberty.
B) show catch-up growth and then grow at a normal rate.
C) still reach an average mature height of only about 4 to 4½ feet.
D) gain more in weight than in height.
Q4) Describe the development of writing.What does a preschooler's early printing look like?
Q5) Discuss Vygotsky's view of make-believe play.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 8: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27488
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Erikson,one of the major functions of play is to
A) allow children to escape from the demands of their lives into a fantasy world.
B) show caregivers the things that are important to children.
C) create a small social organization of children who try out culturally meaningful roles and skills.
D) allow children to represent their unconscious wishes and desires symbolically.
Q2) Rates of physical and emotional abuse are
A) higher for mothers than for fathers.
B) higher for fathers than for mothers.
C) lower than rates of sexual abuse.
D) fairly similar for mothers and fathers.
Q3) Among Western children,__________ is associated with feelings of personal inadequacy and with maladjustment.
A) guilt
B) intense shame
C) sympathy
D) fear
Q4) How do parents influence gender typing in early childhood?
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27489
Sample Questions
Q1) Knowing about a topic makes new information
A) more meaningful.
B) harder to store.
C) harder to retrieve.
D) less relevant.
Q2) Although 8-year-old Claire can easily arrange sticks of differing lengths from shortest to tallest,she cannot solve the following problem: "Jack is taller than Sam,and Sam is taller than Max.Who is the tallest?" This is because Claire's concrete mental operations work poorly with A) abstract ideas.
B) logical constructs.
C) everyday decision making.
D) organized thoughts.
Q3) Selena and Steve want their son,Manny,to attain full proficiency in English and Spanish.To achieve this goal,Manny's mastery of the second language should begin A) in early adulthood.
B) in early adolescence.
C) in late adolescence.
D) sometime in childhood.
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27490
Sample Questions
Q1) School-age children often regard __________ as a "__________" subject.
A) music; masculine
B) language arts; masculine
C) physical education; feminine
D) reading; feminine
Q2) Within peer groups,children
A) acquire many social skills.
B) rarely exclude peers.
C) often become peer-avoidant and isolated.
D) develop individuality.
Q3) Children who have been victims of sexual abuse
A) adjust better when allowed to face their abuser in court.
B) tend to avoid sexual activity in adolescence.
C) frequently display precocious sexual knowledge and behavior.
D) usually tell a parent or teacher what has happened.
Q4) By age 7 or 8,children
A) consider prosocial and antisocial intentions for truthfulness.
B) begin to copy their morality from others.
C) say truth telling is always good.
D) say lying is always bad.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27491
Sample Questions
Q1) Contemporary research suggests that the storm-and-stress notion of adolescence is
A) much worse for boys than for girls.
B) understated.
C) much worse for girls than for boys.
D) exaggerated.
Q2) Which of the following statements about body growth in adolescence is true?
A) The first outward sign of puberty is menarche for girls and spermarche for boys.
B) On average, the growth spurt is underway in North America around age 8 for girls and age 10 for boys.
C) In early adolescence, the typical girl is shorter and lighter than the typical boy.
D) Growth in body size is complete for most girls by age 16 and for boys by age 17½.
Q3) Research indicates that __________ may predispose males to become homosexual.
A) X-linked heredity
B) overly strict parenting during the early years
C) excessive contact with homosexual adults
D) chemical pollutants found in the atmosphere
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 12: Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27492
Sample Questions
Q1) When presented with the Heinz dilemma,Luann overlooks Heinz's intentions and,instead,focuses on fear of authority and avoidance of punishment.Luann is at which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development?
A) Stage 1: The punishment and obedience orientation
B) Stage 2: The instrumental purpose orientation
C) Stage 3: The "good-boy-good-girl" orientation
D) Stage 4: The social-order-maintaining orientation
Q2) Society can help minority adolescents resolve identity conflicts by
A) encouraging them to explore the meaning of ethnicity in their lives.
B) encouraging them to reject the dominant culture until they establish ethnic identity.
C) discouraging contact with peers of the same ethnicity and encouraging assimilation.
D) ensuring that they learn English, rather than retaining their native language.
Q3) Online interactions
A) with strangers lead to depression, peer victimization, and delinquency.
B) with preexisting friends tend to shorten the duration of the friendship.
C) with strangers offer some teenagers vital social support.
D) detract from high-quality face-to-face social experiences.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27493
Sample Questions
Q1) Suzanne has come to understand that her religious beliefs are her "truth" and her boyfriend's beliefs are his "truth." Suzanne is using
A) dualistic thinking.
B) relativistic thinking.
C) commitment within relativistic thinking.
D) pragmatic thought.
Q2) The capacity of the immune system to offer protection __________ after age 20,partly as a result of __________.
A) declines; changes in the thymus
B) increases; greater production of T cells
C) remains stable; improved health habits
D) declines; increased function of the pituitary gland
Q3) Maximum vital lung capacity
A) declines by 5 percent per decade throughout the lifespan.
B) declines by 10 percent per decade after age 25.
C) remains constant until about age 50.
D) increases by 10 percent per decade after age 25.
Q4) List and describe five features of obesity treatment programs that promote lasting behavior change.
Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 14: Emotional and Social Development in Early
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27494
Sample Questions
Q1) When Yolanda thinks about the future,she plans to get her first job at age 22,be married by age 24,and have her first child at age 27,just like her older brother did.According to research by Bernice Neugarten,Yolanda has a well-defined A) split dream.
B) social clock.
C) "feminine" dream.
D) life structure.
Q2) Brad and Ashley live in the United States and are married with children.They both work full-time.Which of the following statements is most likely true?
A) They share housework equally.
B) Brad participates in child care about 85 percent as much as Ashley does.
C) Ashley spends about 85 percent as much time as Brad does on housework.
D) Ashley spends nearly twice as much time as Brad does on child care.
Q3) With regard to romantic love,
A) partners who are similar in personality are more likely to stay together.
B) strong support exists for the idea that "opposites attract."
C) partners with similar attributes tend to be less satisfied with their relationship.
D) men prefer a same-age or slightly older partner.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27495
Sample Questions
Q1) Creative accomplishment tends to peak in the __________ and then decline,but with considerable variation across individuals and disciplines.
A) early twenties
B) late twenties or early thirties
C) late thirties or early forties
D) late forties or early fifties
Q2) Kay displays a committed,involved approach to daily activities.She regards most experiences as controllable and she views change as a challenge.Kay displays
A) a Type A behavior pattern.
B) a Type B behavior pattern.
C) hardiness.
D) resilience.
Q3) The leading causes of U.S.deaths in middle age are __________ and __________.
A) motor vehicle collisions; cancer
B) falls; motor vehicle collisions
C) cancer; cardiovascular disease
D) falls; cardiovascular disease
Q4) Summarize the reproductive changes that men undergo during the aging process.
Q5) What is hardiness? How do hardy individuals cope with stress?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 16: Emotional and Social Development in Middle
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27496
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about contemporary grandparenthood is true?
A) Many adults will spend one-third or more of their lifespan in the grandparent role.
B) The average age of becoming a grandparent is 62 for American women and 65 for men.
C) Middle-aged adults typically rate grandparenthood ahead of the roles of parent and spouse.
D) People who list "immortality" as a gratification of grandparenthood enjoy being perceived as wise.
Q2) __________ for an aging or ill parent fare especially poorly in adjustment
A) Men who work full-time while caring
B) Women who quit work to care
C) Women who work full-time while caring
D) Adult children who work part-time while caring
Q3) Individuals who are high in openness to experience are
A) imaginative, creative, original, curious, and liberal.
B) worrying, temperamental, self-pitying, and vulnerable.
C) affectionate, talkative, active, and passionate.
D) soft-hearted, trusting, generous, and good-natured.
Q4) Define possible selves.How do they change in midlife?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27497
Sample Questions
Q1) In the National Social Life,Health,and Aging Project,which surveyed more than 3,000 U.S.57- to 85-year-olds,more than half of the oldest respondents with an intimate partner
A) reported an increase in frequency of sexual activity in late adulthood.
B) assigned little to no importance to sexual activity.
C) reported engaging in little or no sexual activity over the previous year.
D) reported engaging in sexual activity at least two or three times per month.
Q2) __________ skills are strongly correlated with older adults' tactile performance.
A) Fluid
B) Crystallized
C) Verbal
D) Auditory
Q3) Which of the following statements about centenarians is true?
A) Currently, U.S. centenarians make up about 3 percent of the population.
B) Only about 5 to 10 percent of centenarians are able to lead active, autonomous lives.
C) Among centenarians, women outnumber men by five to one.
D) The past 30 years have seen a 65 percent decrease in centenarians in the industrialized world.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 18: Emotional and Social Development in Late
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27498
Sample Questions
Q1) __________ are the most frequently reported types of elder abuse.
A) Physical abuse, sexual abuse, and physical neglect
B) Sexual abuse, financial abuse, and physical abuse
C) Financial abuse, emotional abuse, and physical neglect
D) Physical neglect, sexual abuse, and financial abuse
Q2) Which of the following recently widowed seniors is the most likely to show resilience in the face of loneliness?
A) Wilma, who is shy
B) Tyrese, who is quiet
C) Betty, who is outgoing
D) Vin, who is aggressive
Q3) With age,older adults report that the friends they feel the closest to
A) live in the same community.
B) are members of the other sex.
C) live far away.
D) are much younger in years.
Q4) What do older adults typically consider when choosing the right time to retire?
Q5) Discuss never-married,childless older adults.What unique challenges to they face?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Q6) What is a person-environment fit? How does this concept apply in late adulthood?
Chapter 19: Death, dying, and Bereavement
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/27499
Sample Questions
Q1) When doctors engage in voluntary active euthanasia,
A) they enable the patient to take his or her own life.
B) they withhold or withdraw treatment.
C) about 80 percent of the population disapproves.
D) judges are usually lenient, granting suspended sentences or probation.
Q2) At his patient's request,Dr.Feiger administers a legal dose of drugs.Dr.Feiger practices
A) involuntary active euthanasia.
B) assisted suicide.
C) voluntary active euthanasia.
D) passive euthanasia.
Q3) Research suggests that group bereavement intervention sessions are best suited for __________,whereas an individually tailored approach works best for __________.
A) reorganizing daily life; resolving grief
B) confronting grief; resolving grief
C) resolving grief; confronting grief
D) confronting grief; reorganizing daily life
Q4) Discuss the practice of voluntary active euthanasia.
Q5) Discuss the benefits and consequences of dying at home.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22