Chapter 4: Social Development in Infancy and Childhood
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Q1) Negative entropy is the natural tendency of a system to progress toward disorganization,depletion,and,in essence,death.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Social reinforcers include:
A) Activities
B) Physical praise
C) Tokens
D) Toys
Q3) Define the ABCs of behavior.
Q4) Most of the research indicates that television does influence and increase children's violent behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the learning theory concepts of extinction and extinction burst. Provide an example of these concepts.
Q6) What do you consider appropriate parental discipline? Do you feel parents have the right to spank their children?
Q7) Explain the process of socialization,and why it is so important.
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Chapter 5: Ethnocentrism and Racism
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Q1) All of the following are true about slavery in this country except:
A) Slaves were not viewed as human beings, but as chattel to be bought and sold
B) Marriages among slaves were not recognized by the law
C) For a period of time it was illegal to teach African Americans to read or write
D) Abraham Lincoln believed that African Americans were equal to whites
Q2) A group that is both a racial group and an ethnic group is Japanese Americans.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____ is a thriving retail business cooperative that was developed by the Latino immigrant community in Minneapolis.
A) El Centro Sociales
B) Mercado Central
C) Sagrado Sociales
D) Nuevo Puente
Q4) Martin Luther King,Jr.was assassinated in:
A) 1962
B) 1964
C) 1966
D) 1968
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Chapter 6: Biological Development in Adolescence
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Q1) First intercourse tends to occur earlier now than it did in the past.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The following is true about the combined pill:
A) It combines a synthetic estrogen and a testosogen
B) It prevents the ovaries from ovulating
C) It is actually 99 percent effective
D) It contains no progestin
Q3) The following is true about syphilis:
A) It progresses through a series of six phases
B) People remain contagious until the disease is cured
C) Zovirax is the preferred treatment
D) A chancre marks where the bacteria enters the body
Q4) Which of the following is true:
A) Nocturnal emissions most commonly occur approximately once a week during the late teens
B) Nocturnal emissions continue up to the age of 40
C) Nocturnal emissions provide a natural means of relieving sexual tension
D) They are always accompanied by sexual dreams
Q5) What are the positive and negative effects of early- and late-maturing girls?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Psychological Development in Adolescence
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Q1) In Erikson's theory,resolution of each crisis is an ideal,not necessarily a reality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) List and explain Marcia's four categories of identity.
Q3) Phinney suggested a parallel development for children from diverse ethnic groups that coincides with Marcia's four coping strategies for identity development. List and explain Phinney's four identity stages.
Q4) African American adolescents are more likely to commit suicide than their white counterparts.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the New Bridge program. How does it strengthen and enhance racial and cultural identity development for adolescents?
Q6) Synthetic-conventional faith is _____ of Fowler's theory of faith development.
A) Stage 2 (ages 2 to 6 years)
B) Stage 3: (ages 6 to 12 years)
C) Stage 4: (ages 12 years and older)
D) Stage 5: (early adulthood and beyond)
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Chapter 8: Social Development in Adolescence
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Q1) Describe anorexia nervosa,bulimia nervosa,and compulsive overeating. What are the medical risks and symptoms of these disorders?
Q2) Identify the three factors control theorists believe prevent people from committing crimes.
Q3) According to Johnson and Johnson,the following is a task role in a group:
A) Tension reliever
B) Process observer
C) Standard setter
D) Energizer
Q4) Describe the servant leadership approach.
Q5) Most bulimics tend to wear several layers of clothing to warm their cold bodies and to conceal their ultra thinness.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The helper therapy principle asserts that a helper in group counseling receives psychological rewards from helping others.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Define social independence and why it is important in adolescence.
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Chapter 9: Gender,Gender Identity,Gender Expression,and Sexism
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Q1) How would you counsel a rape survivor? What are the stages through which you would proceed?
Q2) African American females live an average of about _____ years longer than their male counterparts.
A) 7
B) 9
C) 11
D) 13
Q3) A disadvantage of the social constructionist approach is that it does not incorporate the concept of human diversity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Social construction is the process by which people's perception of reality is shaped largely by the subjective meaning that they give to an experience.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Only 12 to 28 percent of rapes are actually reported.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Biological Aspects of Young and Middle
Adulthood
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Q1) How can the transmission of HIV best be curtailed?
Q2) Cite the difference in the death rate for African American males 15 to 24 in the United States compared to their white counterparts. Explain the reason.
Q3) AIDS has definitely been found to be transmitted by:
A) Mosquito bites
B) Casual kissing
C) Swimming in a pool where someone who is HIV positive is also swimming
D) Receiving contaminated blood transfusions
Q4) Extracting some amount of tissue to examine a breast lump for cancer cells is called a:
A) Needle aspiration
B) Lumpectomy
C) Surgical biopsy
D) Partial mastectomy
Q5) Presbycusis is a reduction in hearing acuity for high-frequency tones.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe osteoporosis and list possible means of prevention.
Page 12
Q7) Explain the different types of tests used to detect breast cancer.
Q8) Summarize the physical changes that occur in middle age.
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Chapter 11: Psychological Aspects of Young and Middle
Adulthood
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Q1) Human intuition is similar to the instinct in geese that guides them to fly south in fall and north in spring.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In Peck's theories of psychological development,the psychological advance of socializing in human relationships is versus:
A) Improvising
B) Isolating
C) Sexualizing
D) Segregating
Q3) Spitz found that if children do not receive direct physical contact,their emotional,social,intellectual,and physical development will be severely stunted.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Quaalude is classified as a:
A) Narcotic drug
B) Depressant
C) Stimulant
D) Hallucinogen
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Chapter 12: Sociological Aspects of Young and Middle
Adulthood
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Q1) The following model of organizational behavior emphasizes the team concept:
A) Autocratic model
B) Custodial model
C) Scientific management model
D) Collegial model
Q2) Micro system theories of society and its problems seek to make sense of the behavior of large groups of people and the workers of entire societies.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the collegial model of organizations?
Q4) When you make major decisions,which of the value orientations listed in the text do you tend to use?
Q5) The looking-glass self process advanced by Cooley asserts we develop our self-concept by seeing and hearing how others react to us.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is the developmental perspective on social problems and social programs?
Q7) Describe total quality management.
Q8) Explain the scientific management model of organizations. Page 15
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Chapter 13: Sexual Orientation
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Q1) According to the Boston Women's Health Book Collective,which of the following is the last stage in the coming out process:
A) Sharing with family and friends that one is lesbian or gay
B) Publicly acknowledging one's sexual orientation
C) Getting to know other gay/lesbian people within the gay/lesbian communities
D) Thinking about oneself as a person who is lesbian or gay
Q2) Describe the three major findings of Bell and his colleagues' investigation through the Alfred C. Kinsey Institute for Sex Research concerning the causes of homosexuality.
Q3) In a 2013 decision,the Supreme Court forced states to accept gay marriages. A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the two major shortcomings of the psychosocial theories of homosexuality?
Q5) Discuss the current situation concerning gay and lesbian people and AIDS.
Q6) What,if anything,should be done to protect lesbian,gay,and bisexual people from discrimination in employment?
Q7) Lesbian and gay people's struggle for equality is sometimes characterized by the phrase "Remember Stonewall!" To what is this phrase referring?
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Chapter 14: Biological Aspects of Later Adulthood
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Q1) What are your thoughts on later adulthood? How old would you want to be before you die?
Q2) Within a family group,the rate of aging shows a high positive correlation with genetic factors for the different family members.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Researchers have now identified a few genes as being linked to causing Alzheimer's disease.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Aging aspects of sexual response in females include:
A) Lubrication occurs more rapidly
B) Amount of lubrication increases
C) The orgasmic phase is usually longer in duration
D) Clitoris may become smaller
Q5) Which of the following is true about glaucoma:
A) It is a disease affecting the muscles around the heart of older people
B) Smokers are about four times as likely to develop this condition
C) It is the leading cause of functional blindness in older people
D) It can be treated and controlled by eye drops
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Chapter 15: Psychological Aspects of Later Adulthood
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Q1) Describe the social reconstruction syndrome theory,including the three major recommendations.
Q2) List and describe the five stages of the Kübler-Ross model of the grieving process.
Q3) Health and adequate income are two factors closely related to life satisfaction in later adulthood.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Followers of this religion believe in the prophet Muhammad:
A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam
Q5) Cumming and Henry coined the term_____ to refer to a process whereby people respond to aging by gradually withdrawing from the various roles and social relationships they occupied in middle age.
A) Detachment
B) Separation.
C) Disengagement.
D) Separation
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Chapter 16: Sociological Aspects of Later Adulthood
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Q1) What do the Gray Panthers believe,and how do they effect change?
Q2) The annual rate paid by workers for Social Security taxes has sharply decreased in recent years.
A)True
B)False
Q3) This program created the Administration on Aging,and is the basis for financial aid by the Federal government to assist states and local communities to meet the needs of older people:
A) Older Americans Act of 1965
B) Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
C) Medicare
D) Old Age, Survivors, Disability, and Health Insurance (OASDHI)
Q4) _____ voters passed that state's Death with Dignity Act that allows doctors to prescribe lethal drugs at the request of terminally ill patients who have less than six months to live.
A) California
B) Wisconsin
C) Oregon
D) Hawaii
Q5) What is the purpose of nursing home ombudsman programs?
Page 20
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