Human Behavior Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
This course explores the fundamental principles and theories underlying human behavior, drawing from disciplines such as psychology, sociology, and anthropology. Students will examine the biological, psychological, and social factors that influence individual and group actions, including motivation, perception, learning, personality development, and cultural context. Through a combination of lectures, case studies, and practical applications, the course aims to deepen understanding of how and why people think, feel, and behave as they do in various settings, and how this knowledge can be applied to address real-world challenges in personal, professional, and societal domains.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Understanding Psychology 11th Edition by Robert S. Feldman
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14 Chapters
2281 Verified Questions
2281 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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276 Verified Questions
276 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which contemporary perspective is CORRECTLY matched with its description?
A) Psychodynamic perspective: emphasizes the automatic response of an individual to environmental stimuli
B) Humanistic perspective: emphasizes how people know,understand,and think about the world
C) Behavioral perspective: emphasizes observable behavior and objectivity
D) Neuroscience perspective: emphasizes that behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little awareness or control.
Answer: C
Q2) Beatriz has just received her doctoral degree in psychology.All else being equal,in which of the following settings is she most likely to find employment?
A) A college/university
B) The military
C) A hospital
D) A large business corporation
Answer: A
Q3) Associated with William James,the perspective focused on what the mind does.
Answer: functionalist
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3
Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Draw a typical neuron and label its major parts accurately.Briefly describe the functions of the parts labeled on your diagram.
Answer: The drawing should contain:(a)dendrites,which should appear as clusters of branchlike extensions from the cell body; (b)the cell body,which should appear as a roundish structure in the center of the diagram; (c)the axon,which should appear as a long tube extending from the cell body;and (d)myelin,which should appear bracketing portions of the axon.The diagram should also include a terminal button,a bulblike ending to the axon.
The function of the following structures should be described.Dendrites-receive information from other neurons.Axon-sends message to another neuron.Myelin-insulates one axon from another and speeds neural transmission.
Q2) Which of the following structures is NOT part of the brain's central core?
A) Hippocampus
B) Cerebellum
C) Pons
D) Reticular formation
Answer: A
Q3) A technique called records the brain's electrical activity through electrodes. Answer: EEG (electroencephalogram
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is series of principles that describe how we organize bits and pieces of information into meaningful wholes.
A) Gestalt laws of organization
B) Taylor's principles of scientific management
C) The neoclassical perspective
D) The bureaucratic theory
Answer: A
Q2) The point at which the optic nerves meet and then split is termed the optic:
A) callosum.
B) fissure.
C) chiasm.
D) sulcus.
Answer: C
Q3) The ability to view the world in three dimensions and to perceive distance is known as _____.
A) multistable perception
B) depth perception
C) haptic perception
D) direct perception
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: States of Consciousness
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fawn consumed a large amount of the most popular street drug at a party.It gave her a sense of energy and alertness although she also became anxious and irritable.Which of the following drugs has she most likely consumed?
A) Heroin
B) Rohypnol
C) Marijuana
D) Methamphetamine
Q2) Which of the following alternatives best expresses the relationship between the activation information modulation (AIM)and activation-synthesis theories of dreaming?
A) Activation information modulation (AIM)theory is a competitor to activation-synthesis theory.
B) Activation-synthesis theory is part of the activation information modulation (AIM)theory.
C) Activation-synthesis theory has been refined by the activation information modulation (AIM)theory.
D) Activation information modulation (AIM)theory was replaced by activation-synthesis theory.
Q3) Milk helps us sleep because it contains the chemical .
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Chapter 5: Learning
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How have psychologists challenged Pavlov's traditional account of classical conditioning?
Q2) Psychologists working within the cognitive learning perspective:
A) deny the importance of classical and operant conditioning.
B) go beyond classical and operant conditioning.
C) perform research essentially identical to that conducted by more traditional learning theorists.
D) have probably never heard of classical and operant conditioning.
Q3) The _____ is an approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning.
A) transformative learning theory
B) behavioral learning theory
C) cognitive learning theory
D) constructivism learning theory
Q4) A bright flash automatically causes us to blink.It is a(n)response.
Q5) ______________are intense,irrational fears.
Q6) Dr.Margate specializes in using behavior modification techniques to help adults engage in health-promoting behaviors,such as exercising,quitting smoking,and so forth.Dr.Margate is a behavior .
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Memory
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following sequences best reflects the order in which memory processes occur,from first to last?
A) Encoding \(\rarr\) storage \(\rarr\) retrieval
B) Storage \(\rarr\) retrieval \(\rarr\) encoding
C) Encoding \(\rarr\) retrieval \(\rarr\)storage
D) Storage \(\rarr\) encoding \(\rarr\) retrieval
Q2) Mickey is about to take his psychology finals.Just before the exam,the person sitting next to him asks him the name of the physiologist who worked on classical conditioning.Mickey suddenly realizes that he cannot quite remember the name,but he knows that it starts with a P and is two syllables long.Mickey is experiencing:
A) repression.
B) simple decay.
C) retrograde amnesia.
D) the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
Q3) Memories of which we are not consciously aware of are called _____ memories.
A) internal
B) subliminal
C) subconscious
D) implicit
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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254 Verified Questions
254 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suppose you develop a new intelligence test.Distinguish between reliability and validity.Outline how you would standardize the test.
Q2) Because they involve rules for moving from an initial to a goal state,many board games may be seen as examples of problems.
Q3) Dr.Salim is a linguist studying the rules that guide the order of words and phrases in several of the world's languages.Dr.Salim is a(n):
A) syntactician.
B) semanticist.
C) phonologist.
D) translator.
Q4) Which of the following is an ill-defined problem?
A) Navigating to a museum in a nearby city
B) Composing a good concerto
C) Finding out where several well-known authors were born
D) Playing Scrabble
Q5) In the context of language acquisition,Skinner is to learning theory,what is to nativism.
Q6) The factor used by early psychologists viewed intelligence as a unitary entity.
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Chapter 8: Motivation and Emotion
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When blood pH becomes overly acidic,respiration and kidney function change to bring the acidity back to its normal pH level of 7.4.What does this process best exemplify?
A) Metabolism
B) Acclimatization
C) Homeostasis
D) An opponent-process system
Q2) According to the self-determination theory,_____ is the perception that we have control over our own lives.
A) reliance
B) autonomy
C) relatedness
D) competence
Q3) Which of the following theories of emotion most explicitly recognizes the importance of the cognitive component of emotion?
A) James-Lange
B) Cannon-Bard
C) Schachter-Singer
D) Maslow
Q4) The female sex hormones include progesterone and .
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Development
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following accurately reflects a positive aspect of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
A) Erikson focused equally on the development of both males and females.
B) The well-established accuracy of the concepts used by Erikson is a strong point of his theory.
C) Erikson's theory confirmed that nature has a greater influence than nurture on the development of an individual.
D) Erikson's theory encompassed the entire life span of an individual.
Q2) Which of the following Swiss scholars had suggested in the 1970s that children around the world proceed through a series of four stages in a fixed order?
A) Piaget
B) Freud
C) Bandura
D) Pavlov
Q3) Making explicit reference to specific stages and concepts,describe your own adolescent and young adult development from an Eriksonian perspective.Try to capture some of the developmental tensions and challenges during this period in your narrative.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Personality
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Probably the most primary of the defense mechanisms is that of:
A) denial.
B) repression.
C) projection.
D) sublimation.
Q2) The study of defense mechanisms is associated not only with Sigmund Freud but also with:
A) Bertha Pappenheim.
B) Alfred Adler.
C) David Buss.
D) Anna Freud.
Q3) Minnie is taking the TAT.Tammy is taking the Rorschach.Minnie is looking at _____.Tammy is examining _____.
A) a series of symmetrical stimuli;pictures
B) a series of symmetrical stimuli;a series of symmetrical stimuli,too
C) pictures;pictures,too
D) pictures;a series of symmetrical stimuli
Q4) The notion that behavior is motivated by unconscious inner forces and conflicts about which people have little awareness and over which they have no control is the approach to personality.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE about emotion-focused coping?
A) In emotion-focused coping,a person may use wishful thinking to reduce stress or use more direct escape routes.
B) Taking time-out from stress by creating positive events is a type of emotion-focused coping.
C) Emotion-focused coping may be more effective than problem-focused coping when the situation is unchangeable.
D) Emotion-focused coping attempts to modify the source of stress.
Q2) Write a note on coping stress through social support.
Q3) The suggests that a person's response to a stressor consists of three stages: alarm and mobilization,resistance,and exhaustion.
Q4) Which of the following is found to be the least successful coping method for dealing with stress?
A) Avoidant coping
B) Proactive coping
C) Emotion-focused coping
D) Problem-focused coping
Q5) Describe the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).
Q6) Why do people smoke? Explain.
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Chapter 12: Psychological Disorders
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145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Illness anxiety disorder and conversion disorder are specific types of .
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE of dissociative disorders?
A) Dissociative fugue involves an actual loss of information from memory and typically results from a physiological cause.
B) In dissociative amnesia,people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health.
C) In dissociative identity disorder,an individual displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities.
D) In multiple personality disorder,an individual experiences a significant,selective memory loss.
Q3) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition removes the outdated term "mental retardation" with:
A) neurocognitive disorder.
B) gender dysphoria.
C) intellectual disability.
D) conversion disorder.
Q4) Describe the major changes to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition, (DSM-5).
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the general aim of cognitive therapy.Write a note on Ellis's rational-emotive therapy.
Q2) Interpersonal therapy derives from _____ approaches to therapy,but it is _____.
A) psychodynamic;shorter and more directive
B) psychodynamic;longer and less directive
C) humanistic;shorter and more directive
D) humanistic;longer and less directive
Q3) Professionals with a master's degree who provide therapy to individuals,couples,and families and who hold a national or state certification are called _____.
A) counseling psychologists
B) psychiatrists
C) licensed professional counselors
D) psychoanalysts
Q4) _____ is a form of therapy that reduces the frequency of undesired behavior by pairing an unpleasant stimulus with undesired behavior.
A) Systematic desensitization
B) Aversive conditioning
C) Manifest structuring
D) Exposure treatment
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) refers to the way people understand and make sense of others and themselves.
Q2) In Juanita's community,girls are not expected to enjoy or excel at mathematics.Juanita's algebra grades drop;by the time she is a high school junior,she is enrolled only in consumer mathematics courses.Which concept does Juanita's example best illustrate?
A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Social identification
C) Entrapment
D) Self-fulfilling prophecy
Q3) Which of the following statements is TRUE of social roles and social norms?
A) Social role refers to behavior that occurs in response to direct social pressure.
B) Social roles are the behaviors that are associated with people in a given position.
C) Conforming to a social role does not induce people to change their behavior in undesirable ways.
D) Social norms are less specific than social norms,because they do not apply to particular social positions.
Q4) is to conformity as Milgram is to obedience.
Q5) The intentional injury of,or harm to,another person is called .
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