Human Anatomy Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Human Anatomy is an in-depth study of the structure and organization of the human body, emphasizing the relationships between organs and organ systems. The course covers topics such as the skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, and endocrine systems. Through lectures, laboratory exercises, and hands-on dissections, students gain a comprehensive understanding of anatomical terminology, spatial orientation, and the functional relevance of anatomical features, providing a foundational knowledge base for further studies in health sciences, medicine, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
The Muscular System Manual The Skeletal Muscles of the Human Body 3rd Edition by Joseph E.
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Chapter 1: Basic Kinesiology Terminology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which plane divides the body into left and right portions?
A)sagittal
B)frontal
C)transverse
D)oblique
Answer: A
Q2) Which movements usually occur within the frontal plane?
A)flexion/extension
B)right rotation/left rotation
C)dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
D)abduction/adduction
Answer: D
Q3) What is the relationship of an axis to its plane?
A)it is parallel
B)it is located within the plane
C)it is perpendicular
D)there is no relationship
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Skeletal System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The elbow joint is classified as which of the following?
A)pivot
B)hinge
C)saddle
D)condyloid
Answer: B
Q2) Which motions are usually permitted by a hinge joint?
A)flexion and extension
B)medial rotation and lateral rotation
C)abduction and adduction
D)right lateral flexion and left lateral flexion
Answer: A
Q3) Which type of joint usually allows the most motion?
A)fibrous
B)cartilaginous
C)synovial
D)synarthrotic
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: How Muscles Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of contraction occurs when a mover muscle contracts?
A)concentric
B)eccentric
C)isometric
D)stabilization
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is the term for a contraction wherein the muscle stays the same length?
A)isometric
B)contralateral
C)eccentric
D)concentric
Answer: A
Q3) Which type of contraction occurs when an antagonist muscle contracts?
A)concentric
B)eccentric
C)isometric
D)stabilization
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the middle trapezius upon the scapula at the scapulocostal joint?
A)elevation
B)depression
C)protraction (abduction)
D)retraction (adduction)
Q2) Which is an action of the rhomboids?
A)extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
B)depression of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint
C)retraction (adduction)of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint
D)protraction (abduction)of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint
Q3) What muscle is the prime mover of protraction of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint?
A)rhomboids
B)pectoralis minor
C)pectoralis major
D)serratus anterior
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Chapter 5: Muscles of the Glenohumeral Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) What nerve pierces through the coracobrachialis?
A)median nerve
B)musculocutaneous nerve
C)axillary nerve
D)radial nerve
Q2) The critical zone of the rotator cuff tendon refers to
A)the distal tendon of the supraspinatus.
B)the proximal tendon of the supraspinatus.
C)the distal tendon of the infraspinatus.
D)the proximal tendon of the subscapularis.
Q3) Which is an eccentric function of the teres minor upon the arm at the glenohumeral joint?
A)restrains/slows adduction
B)restrains/slows extension
C)restrains/slows lateral rotation
D)restrains/slows medial rotation
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Chapter 6: Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) The humeral head of the pronator teres arises proximally from the medial epicondyle of the humerus as a part of what structure?
A)common flexor tendon
B)common extensor tendon
C)rotator cuff tendon
D)nuchal ligament
Q2) Which is an eccentric function of the triceps brachii?
A)restrains/slows flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint
B)restrains/slows extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
C)restrains/slows adduction of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
D)restrains/slows pronation of the forearm at the radioulnar joints
Q3) Which is (are)eccentric functions of the biceps brachii?
A)restrains/slows extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
B)restrains/slows supination of the forearm at the radioulnar joints
C)restrains/slows extension of the hand at the wrist joint
D)all of the above
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Chapter 7: Muscles of the Wrist Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are actions of the flexor carpi radialis?
A)flexion and radial deviation (abduction)of the hand at the wrist joint
B)extension and radial deviation (abduction)of the hand at the wrist joint
C)flexion and ulnar deviation (adduction)of the hand at the wrist joint
D)flexion and extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
Q2) If a muscle crosses the wrist joint anteriorly,what will its action be?
A)extension of the hand at the wrist joint
B)flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
C)radial deviation (abduction)of the hand at the wrist joint
D)ulnar deviation (adduction)of the hand at the wrist joint
Q3) What nerve innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris?
A)median nerve
B)axillary nerve
C)radial nerve
D)ulnar nerve
Q4) Which is an eccentric function of the flexor carpi radialis?
A)restrains/slows ulnar deviation (adduction)of the hand at the wrist joint
B)restrains/slows radial deviation (abduction)of the hand at the wrist joint
C)restrains/slows flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
D)restrains/slows extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
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Chapter 8: Extrinsic Muscles of the Finger Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) The muscles of the anterior forearm are usually innervated by what nerve?
A)median nerve
B)axillary nerve
C)radial nerve
D)ulnar nerve
Q2) Which is an eccentric function of the flexor digitorum profundus?
A)restrains/slows extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
B)restrains/slows flexion of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
C)restrains/slows flexion of fingers two through five at the metacarpophalangeal and proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
D)restrains/slows extension of fingers two through five at the metacarpophalangeal and proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
Q3) The flexor digitorum superficialis arises proximally from the medial epicondyle of the humerus as a part of what structure?
A)common flexor tendon
B)bicipital aponeurosis
C)common extensor tendon
D)joint capsule of the elbow joint
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Chapter 9: Intrinsic Muscles of the Finger Joints
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Q1) If a muscle crosses the metacarpophalangeal and/or interphalangeal joints of the fingers posteriorly,what will its eccentric function of the fingers be?
A)restrains/slows flexion
B)restrains/slows extension
C)restrains/slows abduction
D)restrains/slows adduction
Q2) Which are the attachments of the lumbricals manus?
A)metacarpal of fingers one through five to the proximal phalanx of fingers two,three,and four,on the side away from the center of the middle finger
B)distal tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus to the distal tendons of the extensor digitorum (the dorsal digital expansion)
C)metacarpal of fingers two,four,and five to the proximal phalanx of fingers two,four,and five on the "middle finger side"
D)Third metacarpal to the thumb
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Chapter 10: Muscles of the Spinal Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) The name <i>interspinales</i> tells us that these muscles run
A)between spinous processes.
B)between transverse processes.
C)between transverse processes and spinous processes.
D)between spinous processes and transverse processes.
Q2) Which is an action of the erector spinae group?
A)flexion of the trunk and neck and head at the spinal joints
B)extension of the trunk and neck and head at the spinal joints
C)contralateral rotation of the trunk and neck and head at the spinal joints
D)extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
Q3) Which subgroup of the erector spinae group attaches from spinous processes to spinous processes?
A)iliocostalis
B)longissimus
C)spinalis
D)semispinalis
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Chapter 11: Muscles of the Rib Cage Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the transversus thoracis?
A)depression of the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint
B)elevation of ribs two through six at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
C)depression of ribs two through six at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
D)elevation of ribs one through seven at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
Q2) What provides innervation for the subcostales?
A)trigeminal nerve (CN V)
B)intercostal nerves
C)lumbar plexus
D)spinal nerves
Q3) Which are the attachments of the internal intercostals?
A)intercostal spaces of ribs one through six
B)intercostal spaces of ribs six through twelve
C)intercostal spaces of ribs one through twelve
D)intercostal spaces of ribs four through eight
Q4) What provides innervation for the levatores costarum?
A)trigeminal nerve (CN V)
B)intercostal nerves
C)lumbar plexus
D)spinal nerves
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Chapter 12: Muscles of the Temporomandibular Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) What provides innervation for the sternohyoid?
A)cervical plexus
B)suboccipital nerve
C)brachial plexus
D)dorsal scapular nerve
Q2) If a muscle crosses the spinal joints of the neck anteriorly with a vertical orientation to its fibers,what action of the neck at the spinal joints will it most likely have?
A)flexion
B)extension
C)right lateral flexion
D)left lateral flexion
Q3) Which muscle attaches into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)itself?
A)temporalis
B)masseter
C)lateral pterygoid
D)medial pterygoid
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Chapter 13: Muscles of Facial Expression
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the depressor labii inferioris?
A)elevates the upper lip
B)depresses the upper lip
C)elevates the lower lip
D)depresses the lower lip
Q2) Which are the attachments of the procerus?
A)sphenoid bone to the upper eyelid
B)fascia over the nasal bone to the fascia and skin between the eyebrows
C)inferior frontal bone to the fascia and skin deep to the medial portion of the eyebrow
D)maxilla to the cartilage of the nose and the opposite-side procerus muscle
Q3) Where is the modiolus?
A)inferior to the nose
B)lateral to the eye
C)lateral to the mouth
D)anterior to the ear
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Chapter 14: Muscles of the Hip Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which muscle attaches onto the greater trochanter of the femur?
A)gluteus maximus
B)psoas major
C)iliacus
D)gluteus medius
Q2) Which is an action of the gluteus medius?
A)flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints
B)flexion of the leg at the knee joint
C)medial rotation of the thigh at the hip joint
D)none of the above
Q3) Generally,what nerve innervates the anterior thigh?
A)femoral nerve
B)obturator nerve
C)sciatic nerve
D)superior gluteal nerve
Q4) What provides innervation for the inferior gemellus?
A)obturator nerve
B)nerve to piriformis
C)L1 spinal nerve
D)nerve to quadratus femoris
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Chapter 15: Muscles of the Knee Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the quadriceps femoris group?
A)lateral flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints
B)extension of the thigh at the hip joint
C)flexion of the thigh at the hip joint
D)flexion of the leg at the knee joint
Q2) Which is an eccentric function of the biceps femoris?
A)restrains/slows posterior tilt of the pelvis at the hip joint
B)restrains/slows anterior tilt of the pelvis at the hip joint
C)restrains/slows flexion of the leg at the knee joint
D)restrains/slows extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
Q3) Which is an action of the quadriceps femoris group?
A)flexion of the leg at the knee joint
B)extension of the thigh at the hip joint
C)extension of the leg at the knee joint
D)plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
Q4) Which muscle(s)attaches onto the head of the fibula?
A)semitendinosus
B)semimembranosus
C)biceps femoris
D)all of the above
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Chapter 16: Muscles of the Ankle and Subtalar Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which muscle has a very prominent tendon at the anterior ankle?
A)flexor digitorum longus
B)tibialis anterior
C)fibularis tertius
D)fibularis brevis
Q2) What nerve innervates the fibularis tertius?
A)tibial
B)deep fibular
C)superficial fibular
D)femoral
Q3) Which are the attachments of the gastrocnemius?
A)posterior tibia and fibula to the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
B)proximal lateral fibula to the medial foot
C)medial and lateral femoral condyles to the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
D)distal posterolateral femur to the calcaneus
Q4) Which is an eccentric function of the fibularis brevis?
A)restrains/slows inversion of the foot at the subtalar joint
B)restrains/slows eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint
C)restrains/slows flexion of the thigh at the hip joint
D)restrains/slows flexion of the leg at the knee joint
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Chapter 17: Extrinsic Muscles of the Toe Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the flexor hallucis longus at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints?
A)extension of toes two through five
B)flexion of toes two through five
C)flexion of the big toe (toe number one)
D)extension of the big toe (toe number one)
Q2) The dorsal digital expansion of the foot (for toes two through five)is formed by what muscle?
A)extensor digitorum
B)extensor digiti minimi
C)extensor digitorum longus
D)extensor digitorum brevis
Q3) What nerve innervates the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
A)tibial
B)superficial fibular
C)deep fibular
D)obturator
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19
Chapter 18: Intrinsic Muscles of the Toe Joints
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Q1) What nerve(s)innervates the flexor digiti minimi pedis?
A)medial plantar
B)lateral plantar
C)deep fibular
D)a and b
Q2) In what Layer of plantar intrinsic muscles of the foot is the adductor hallucis located?
A)Layer I
B)Layer II
C)Layer III
D)Layer IV
Q3) Which is an action of the dorsal interossei pedis?
A)adduction of fingers two through four at the metacarpophalangeal joint
B)flexion of toes two through five at the interphalangeal joints
C)abduction of toes two through four at the metatarsophalangeal joint
D)adduction of toes two through five at the metatarsophalangeal joint
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Chapter 19: Functional Groups of Muscles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which are wrist joint radial deviators (abductors)?
A)extensor carpi radialis brevis,brachioradialis
B)flexor carpi ulnaris,extensor carpi ulnaris
C)extensor carpi radialis longus,flexor carpi radialis
D)abductor pollicis longus,extensor digiti minimi
Q2) Which are medial rotators of the leg at the knee joint?
A)sartorius,gracilis,semitendinosus
B)biceps femoris long head,biceps femoris short head
C)vastus medialis,popliteus,gastrocnemius
D)adductor magnus,adductor longus
Q3) Which are medial rotators of the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint?
A)opponens pollicis,flexor pollicis brevis,adductor pollicis
B)abductor pollicis longus,abductor pollicis brevis,extensor pollicis brevis
C)abductor pollicis brevis,flexor pollicis brevis,opponens pollicis
D)abductor digiti minimi manus,flexor digiti minimi manus,opponens digiti minimi
Q4) Which are abductors of the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint?
A)abductor pollicis longus,abductor pollicis brevis
B)extensor pollicis brevis,flexor pollicis longus
C)opponens pollicis,adductor pollicis
D)dorsal interossei manus,abductor digiti minimi
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