History of Western Civilization Since 1500 Test Bank
Course Introduction
This course examines the major political, social, economic, and cultural developments in Western civilization from 1500 to the present. Topics include the Renaissance and Reformation, the rise of nation-states, revolutions and enlightenment, industrialization, imperialism, world wars, the Cold War, and the evolution of modern Western societies. Through analysis of primary and secondary sources, students will explore how historical events and movements have shaped contemporary Western institutions, ideas, and global interactions.
Recommended Textbook
Western Civilization Volume II Since 1500 8th Edition by Jackson J. Spielvogel
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18 Chapters
2211 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth
Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) Loyola was the founder of
A) the Capuchin Order.
B) the Brothers of the Common Life.
C) the Society of Jesus.
D) the Swiss Brothers.
E) the Dominican Order.
Answer: C
Q2) millenarianism
Answer: Millenarianism is a belief in a coming transformation of society, often associated with the return of a messianic figure or the establishment of a utopian society. This belief has been present in various religious and cultural traditions throughout history, with the idea that a golden age or a period of peace and prosperity will come after a period of upheaval and chaos. Millenarian movements have often arisen during times of social or political unrest, offering hope for a better future and a sense of purpose to their followers. However, these movements can also be controversial and have sometimes led to conflict or disappointment when the anticipated transformation does not occur. Overall, millenarianism reflects a deep human desire for a better world and a belief in the possibility of radical change.
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Treaty of Tordesillas divided
A) the Spice Islands between Portugal and the Dutch Republic.
B) South Africa between the English and the Dutch.
C) the New World between Spain and Portugal.
D) the North Atlantic between England and France.
E) the South Pacific between Spain and the Dutch Republic.
Answer: C
Q2) Encomienda were
A) a Spanish system devised to collect tribute from natives and to use their labor.
B) Spanish officials who supervised local industries
C) taxes levied on the colonists by the Spanish government.
D) a hybrid tortilla made partly from maize and partly from wheat flower.
E) mission schools set up to educate the Indians.
Answer: A
Q3) What role did private investment and initiative play in the development of European imperialism.Give specific examples.
Answer: not answered
Q4) Ptolemy's Geography
Answer: not answered
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Chapter 3: State Building and the Search for Order in the
Seventeenth Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) The artistic movement Mannerism reached its peak with the work of A) Fra Angelico.
B) Bernini.
C) Peter Paul Rubens.
D) El Greco.
E) Rembrandt.
Answer: D
Q2) The French playwright Moliére is noted for all of the following except A) Tartuffe.
B) benefiting from the patronage of Louis XIV.
C) satirizing French religious and social customs.
D) perfecting neoclassical tragedy.
E) producing and acting in a series of comedies.
Answer: D
Q3) The Thirty Years' War has often been called the "last of the religious wars."
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Thirty Years War
Answer: not answered
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Chapter 4: Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science
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Sample Questions
Q1) Andreas Vesalius
Q2) "God's handiwork"
Q3) heliocentric universe
Q4) Isaac Newton devoted himself to the occult and to alchemy in particular.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Concerning the first important scientific societies, the French Academy differed from the English Royal Society in the former's
A) government support and control.
B) publication of scientific journals.
C) focus on theoretical work in mechanics and astronomy.
D) belief that science should proceed along the lines of a cooperative venture.
E) lack of support by the French government.
Q6) Scientific Method
Q7) the Inquisition
Q8) Journal des Savants
Q9) Nicolaus Copernicus
Q10) Maria Winkelmann Page 6
Q11) Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems
Q12) Robert Boyle
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Chapter 5: The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment
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Sample Questions
Q1) The French philosophes
A) flourished in an atmosphere of government support.
B) sought no extension of Enlightenment to other disciplines.
C) were literate intellectuals who meant to change the world through reason and rationality.
D) supported state censorship of ideas contrary to their own.
E) were widely influenced by Jean Jacques Rousseau and his emphasis upon emotions.
Q2) An early female philosophe who published a translation of Newton's Principia and who was the mistress of Voltaire was
A) Mary Wollstonecraft.
B) Marie Antoinette.
C) Mary Astell.
D) Catherine the Great.
E) the Marquise du Chatelet.
Q3) The eighteenth century English historian, Edward Gibbon, blamed the downfall of ancient Rome on the pagan religion practices and sexual excesses of the Roman Empire.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change
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Q1) What do we mean by the phrase "enlightened politics" and to what extent was politics "enlightened" in the European states of the eighteenth century?
Q2) Which of the following statements best describes eighteenth-century European cities?
A) They were remarkably cleaner than the medieval city.
B) They were decreasing dramatically in population.
C) They were still filthy and lacked proper sanitation.
D) They were becoming more democratic in their government.
E) They were becoming politically and legally independent of monarchial control.
Q3) Andrea Palladio was a noted Venetian
A) general.
B) courtier.
C) architect.
D) musician.
E) composer.
Q4) The country that was dismembered during the eighteenth century by Austria, Prussia, and Russia was Poland.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution
and Napoleon
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Sample Questions
Q1) the Bastille
Q2) Toussaint L'Ouverture
Q3) As one measure of the French crown's terrible financial predicament, by 1788 the interest payments on the state debt alone amounted to
A) one-fifth of total government spending.
B) one-quarter of total government spending.
C) one-third of total government spending.
D) one-half of all government spending.
E) two-thirds of all government spending.
Q4) By the eighteenth century, the French bourgeoisie and nobility were
A) growing further apart in social status.
B) increasingly less distinguishable from each other.
C) rapidly losing social status to the third estate.
D) openly hostile and frequently involved in street battles.
E) almost completely dominated by the clergy of the First Estate.
Q5) Napoleon said that perhaps the world would have been better off if neither he nor Rousseau had ever lived.What did he mean?
Q6) Did Napoleon embody the Enlightenment?
Page 10
Q7) Committee of Public Safety
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Chapter 8: The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) The eighteenth century agricultural revolution in Britain reduced the cost of food, thus giving the British extra income to purchase items produced by the Industrial Revolution.
A)True
B)False
Q2) cholera
Q3) Henry Cort
Q4) The first Continental nations to completely establish a comprehensive railroad system were
A) France and Italy.
B) Belgium and Germany.
C) Prussia and Poland.
D) Russia and Austria.
E) the Scandinavian countries.
Q5) Discuss and trace the role of the factory in the early Industrial Revolution.What made the factory system possible? What impact did it have on the lives of workers, especially on women and children?
Q6) domestic servants
Q7) the factory
Q8) industrial factory Page 11
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Chapter 9: Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism,
1815-1850
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Sample Questions
Q1) Romanticism in art and music was well characterized by
A) Chateaubriand, whose many paintings anticipated the Impressionist movement.
B) Beethoven, whose compositions bridged the gap between Classicism and Romanticism.
C) Delacroix, who broke classical conventions by using only blacks and whites in his paintings.
D) Friedrich, whose "program" music played upon the listeners' emotions.
E) Bach, whose organ music inspired the hearer's feelings.
Q2) Klemens von Metternich
A) supported much of the revolutionary ideology after Napoleon's defeat.
B) thought that a free press was necessary to maintain the status quo.
C) had little influence because of his extreme conservatism.
D) was anti-religious and supported atheistic causes.
E) believed European monarchs shared the common interest of stability.
Q3) Congress of Vienna
Q4) Monroe Doctrine
Q5) parties of Movement and Resistance
Q6) Giuseppe Mazzini and Young Italy
Q7) Charles Fourier's phalansteries
Q8) classical economics Page 13
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Chapter 10: An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a statesman, Bismarck can best be appreciated as
A) a determined nationalist who planned every move toward German unification.
B) a conservative but a traitor to his aristocratic class.
C) a consummate politician and opportunist capitalizing on unexpected events and manipulating affairs to his favor.
D) a narrow-minded tyrant incapable of mastering the art of negotiation vital to modern European diplomacy.
E) an enlightened despot.
Q2) "Despite the defeat of the revolutions of 1848, the forces of liberalism and nationalism triumphed after 1850." Discuss To what extent is this true in the Austrian Empire, Russia, and Great Britain?
Q3) Vera Zasulich
A) tried to prevent the assassination of Tsar Alexander II.
B) assassinated Tsar Alexander II.
C) was the mistress of Tsar Alexander II.
D) shot and wounded the governor-general of Saint Petersburg.
E) killed the governor-general of Saint Petersburg.
Q4) Austro-Prussian War
Q5) First International
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Chapter 11: Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894
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Sample Questions
Q1) Between 1850 and 1900, Britain and Germany doubled, perhaps tripled, their national incomes, and real wages in Britain increased by two-thirds during that period.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the decades after 1870, most Western governments made elementary education mandatory through state-run systems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Irish Home Rule
Q4) V.A.Huber
Q5) The Irish parliamentary leader who demanded home-rule for Ireland in the 1880s was
A) William Gladstone.
B) William Butler Yeats.
C) Edward Fitzgerald.
D) Wolfe Tone.
E) Charles Parnell.
Q6) Magyarization
Q7) Gottlieb Daimler
Page 16
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Chapter
1894-1914
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Q1) In his encyclical De Rerum Novarum (1891), Pope Leo XIII
A) endorsed Marxist conceptions of materialism.
B) asserted that much in socialism was Christian in principle.
C) ordered Catholics to turn away from all forms of political activity.
D) began to question the necessity of the sacraments.
E) condemned "modernism" in all its manifestations.
Q2) Pablo Picasso was instrumental in the development of Cubism.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explaining his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters, Emile Zola said
A) "I have never given up on nature and the uplifting lessons it can teach us."
B) "I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."
C) "People are naturally bad and all my fictions are truths."
D) "My stories tell of a new Enlightenment."
E) "All life is a wasteland."
Q4) Maria Montessori
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Q5) By the early twentieth century, was the Ottoman Empire still a major force in Western Civilization?
Chapter 13: The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis:
War and Revolution
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Q1) What was the state that was a thorn in Austria-Hungary's side and a primary cause of World War I?
A) Slovenia
B) Bulgaria
C) Greece
D) Italy
E) Serbia
Q2) reparations
Q3) Discuss the course of the first two years of World War I: Why did many people expect a short war? Why was it not a short war? Why did World War I become a "war of attrition"? Why did the warring nations, worn out by the end of 1916, not make peace?
Q4) In 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the war on the side of
A) the Untied States.
B) Italy.
C) France.
D) Russia.
E) Germany.
Q5) Georges Clemenceau
Q6) Battles of Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes
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Chapter 14: The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between
the Wars, 1919-1939
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fascio di Combattimento
Q2) Treaty of Locarno
Q3) Little Entente
Q4) The most famous of the Surrealistic painters was
A) Arnold Schonberg.
B) Pablo Picasso.
C) Walter Gropius.
D) Jackson Pollack.
E) Salvador Dali.
Q5) Kurt Weill's The Threepenny Opera
Q6) five-year plans
Q7) The collectivization of agriculture under Stalin was characterized by A) was a failure, and the peasants quickly returned to their private plots.
B) the cooperation of kulaks.
C) the destruction of the collective farms.
D) immediate financial benefits for most of the peasants.
E) widespread famine.
Q8) League of Nations
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Q9) Did anything good immediately result from the Great Depression?
Q10) Fuhrerprinzip
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Chapter 15: The Deepening of the European Crisis: World
War Ii
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Sample Questions
Q1) For Hitler to achieve his goals, he thought
A) he must follow a strict time schedule and order of events.
B) he must gain the confidence of the United States.
C) careful consideration must be given to the desires of the nationalists.
D) his basic plan of racial supremacy and empire over "inferior" peoples was most critical.
E) he needed an alliance with France in order to protect his western flank when he invaded Russia.
Q2) Grand Alliance
Q3) panzer divisions
Q4) When Germany went to war in 1939
A) the populace was euphoric as in 1914.
B) the populace was apathetic, and many feared that it would spell disaster for Germany.
C) consumer goods were cut in favor of war materials.
D) war production was tripled.
E) there was an immediate highly organized secret attempt to assassinate Hitler, but unfortunately it failed.
Q5) Munich Conference
Q6) Madagascar Plan Page 21
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Chapter 16: Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965
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Q1) Charles de Gaulle's Fifth Republic
Q2) "containment"
Q3) The Common Market was
A) primarily a military alliance of certain European countries.
B) a forum of European nations founded to solve social problems.
C) founded for economic reasons, including to promote free trade among member nations.
D) established for cultural reasons to combat American materialism.
E) founded with the intent to include all the nations of Europe, including the Soviet Union, as well as the United States, in the organization.
Q4) The Middle Eastern political leader who promoted Pan-Arabism and who advocated a sharing of Middle Eastern oil wealth equally among the Arab states was
A) Yasir Arafat.
B) Saddam Hussein.
C) Anwar al-Sadat.
D) the Shah of Iran.
E) Gamal Abdul Nasser.
Q5) Six-Day War
Q6) uhuru
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Chapter 17: Protest and Stagnation: the Western World, 1965-1985
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Q1) The American composer Philip Glass is associated with an acclaimed offshoot of serialism combining elements of classical and popular music in repeated tonal forms and known as
A) post-Surrealism.
B) neo-Expressionism.
C) minimalism.
D) neo-classicism.
E) post-modernism.
Q2) Before World War II, theoretical science and technology were largely separated, but during WW II university scientists began working for the government on military weapons.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Chinese communist movement in the 1960s and 1970s with the aim of crushing "the four olds" was known as
A) "the Great Leap Forward."
B) "Socialism in One Country."
C) "All Power to the People."
D) "the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution."
E) "the May Fourth Movement."
Page 24
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Chapter 18: After the Fall: the Western World in a Global Age
Since 1985
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Q1) One of the underlying causes for the end of the Cold War was
A) the fall of Khrushchev in the Soviet Union and election of Reagan in the United States.
B) financial difficulties for both the superpowers and the unbearable expenses of the arms race.
C) peace movements in both countries.
D) the end of the Afghan War.
E) the death of Gorbachev.
Q2) An example of nationalist terrorism is the
A) Baader-Meinhof gang in Germany.
B) IRA in Northern Ireland.
C) New Order in Italy.
D) Charles Martel Club in France.
E) Al-Qaeda in the Middle East.
Q3) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Q4) Anselm Kiefer's Departure from Egypt and Jean-Michel Basquiat's Self Portrait
Q5) Hurricane Katrina
Q6) Commonwealth of Independent States
Q7) Mikhail Gorbachev
Q8) George W.Bush
Page 25
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