History of Western Civilization Practice Exam
Course Introduction
History of Western Civilization explores the development of Western societies from ancient times to the modern era, examining key political, social, economic, and cultural events and movements that have shaped the Western world. The course covers significant periods including ancient Greece and Rome, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and Reformation, the Enlightenment, revolutions, industrialization, modern conflicts, and contemporary trends. Through analysis of primary sources, critical discussions, and historical narratives, students gain a comprehensive understanding of the foundations and evolution of Western thought, institutions, and global impact.
Recommended Textbook
The Western Heritage Combined Volume 11th Edition by Donald M. Kagan
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30 Chapters
2397 Verified Questions
2397 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Birth of Civilization
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was one of the key reasons that tens of thousands of people were forced from their homes and made to resettle close to the Assyrian Empire?
A)to create a large Assyrian capital city around the empire
B)to ensure a large number of laborers near the empire
C)to punish people for not having made tributes to the kings
D)to increase population density in certain areas of the empire
Answer: D
Q2) The Israelites lost to history became known as the ________.
A)twenty lost tribes
B)ten lost tribes
C)scattered groups
D)lost groups
Answer: B
Q3) The most famous colony founded by the Phoenicians was that of ________,near modern Tunis in North Africa.
Answer: Carthage
Q4) By the early seventh century b.c.e. ,under the leadership of ________,the Medes and Babylonians successfully destroyed the Assyrian Empire.
Answer: Nebuchadnezzar
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Chapter 2: The Rise of Greek Civilization
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is one of the indirect causes of the growth in the numbers of enslaved Athenians in the seventh century b.c.e.
A)the rotation of crops
B)the lack of fertilizer
C)never borrowing money
D)the low price of wheat
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following describes the typical Greek colony-mother city relationship?
A)hostile
B)friendly
C)submissive
D)domineering
Answer: B
Q3) The Greek polis was thought of as a community of ________.
Answer: relatives
Q4) Crete was the site of the earliest Bronze Age settlement,and modern scholars have called the civilization that arose there ________ after the legendary king of Crete.
Answer: Minoan
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Chapter 3: Classical and Hellenistic Greece
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Sample Questions
Q1) Evidence leads historians to believe that the prime responsibility of a respectable Athenian woman was to ________.
A)hold public office
B)take part in political assemblies
C)produce male heirs for the oikos,or household,of her husband
D)take an active part in public life
Answer: C
Q2) A literary genre called ________ presented a comic-realistic depiction of daily life,turning the attention away from the weakened structure of the polis.
A)Middle Comedy
B)Old Comedy
C)epic poetry
D)lyric poetry
Answer: A
Q3) According to the ________ theory,the world consists of innumerable tiny,solid,indivisible,and unchanging particles,or "atoms," that move about in the void.
Answer: atomist
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Chapter 4: Rome: From Republic to Empire
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Do you believe Caesar wanted to be king? What are the implications of your answer?
Q2) To extend a consul's term in office,the Roman republic instituted the ________ in 325 b.c.e.
A)consulship
B)office of praetor
C)proconsulship
D)monarchy
Q3) The Senate approved the worship of the Phrygian goddess Cybele,but reversed itself when the cult proved to be ________.
A)a financial scam
B)promoting Phrygia at the expense of Rome
C)a time-sink
D)too ecstatic and sensual
Q4) Compare the influence on Rome of the Etruscans and Greeks.Did the conquest of these two peoples influence Rome's attitude towards their cultures?
Q5) The area that is modern France was occupied by Celtic people called ________;Julius Caesar made his military reputation in campaigns against them.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: The Roman Empire
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Sample Questions
Q1) After Rome's destruction of Jerusalem,Christians congregated in ________.
A)Carthage
B)Constantinople
C)Judea
D)Rome
Q2) Faith,fundamental to Christian belief,and reason,the foundation of classical education,were reconciled in the writings of ________.
A)Augustine
B)Leo
C)Ambrose
D)Peter
Q3) ________ was a cruel and vicious emperor whose bizarre actions made many suspect he was insane.
A)Caligula
B)Claudius
C)Nero
D)Nerva
Q4) The Circus Maximus's racing companies called factiones and gambling were all elements of one of the Romans' favorite entertainments,________ racing.
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Chapter 6: Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages:
Creating a New European Society and Culture 4761000
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Sample Questions
Q1) For centuries,the major texts on medicine in the Western world were compilations of work by ________ scholars.
Q2) The ________ system was a process of crop rotation that ultimately produced larger yields of food for medieval farmers.
Q3) The Merovingian Dynasty was founded by the warrior chieftain ________.
A)Charlemagne
B)Clovis
C)Lothar
D)Merovich
Q4) A medieval lord expected service from his vassals and granted them ________ so that they could provide those services.
Q5) Which of these best describes the relationship between the Frankish kings and the papacy?
A)mutually supportive
B)openly hostile
C)isolation
D)distrust
Page 8
Q6) The capital of the Muslim world moved from Mecca in Saudi Arabia to Damascus in Syria and then to ________ in Iraq.
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Chapter 7: The High Middle Ages: the Rise of European Empires
and States (1000-1300)
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Sample Questions
Q1) The reign of Louis IX coincided with the golden age of ________,which saw the convergence of Europe's greatest thinkers on Paris.
Q2) What was the primary objective of the First Crusade?
A)to defend Europe's outermost borders against Muslim aggression
B)to stimulate Western trade with the East
C)to rescue the holy city of Jerusalem
D)to spread Christianity to the farthest reaches of the earth
Q3) Otto I and his successors became so preoccupied with running the affairs of ________ that their German base began to disintegrate.
A)Denmark
B)Italy
C)Poland
D)Hungary
Q4) The court of Poitiers was a famous center for ________.
A)philosophical discourse
B)literature of courtly love
C)medicine
D)ceramics
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Q5) ________ were the least secularized and most spiritual of the church's clergy.
Chapter 8: Medieval Society: Hierarchies, towns,
universities, and Families (1000-1300)
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Sample Questions
Q1) The largest and lowest social group in medieval society was the one on whose labor the welfare of all the others depended: the agrarian ________.
Q2) Refer to Map 8-1 on page 244.Based on this map,which of the following statements is most accurate?
A)In the Middle Ages all of continental Europe was linked by trade networks.
B)Russia remained outside of European trade networks.
C)Trade routes on land took more time than trade routes via water.
D)Trade routes via water were restricted to the Mediterranean.
Q3) Compare the significant events in the rise of merchants with those involved in the downfall of feudal society.Explain how the growth of towns played a role in these trends.What is the relationship between these events?
Q4) When a lord charged a tenant for use of the lord's oven,he was imposing
A)a fief
B)a banality
C)a fine
D)usufruct
Q5) In the later Middle Ages,serfs started paying their dues in ________ payments.
Q6) In the twelfth century,knighthood was legally restricted to men of ________.
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Chapter 9: The Late Middle Ages: Social and Political Breakdown
(1300-1453)
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was the impact of the Treaty of Troyes on the French?
A)It shifted French loyalties from Charles VII to Henry VI.
B)It was largely ignored,and was therefore insignificant.
C)It led to the Second Crusade.
D)It sparked the Burgundians to ally themselves with Charles VII.
Q2) Discuss the impact of Mongol rule on Russian social and political institutions.Do you believe the system of administration established by the Mongols contributed to their eventual collapse in the region? Explain.
Q3) What happened to Europe's population between 1000 and 1300,and why?
A)It was stagnant,because warfare prevented the population from experiencing natural growth.
B)It fell 20 percent because of widespread famine.
C)It doubled due to increased food supply.
D)It fell slightly due to outbreaks of disease.
Q4) In 1296,the papal bull titled ___________ prohibited taxation of the clergy by secular rulers without papal approval.
Q5) What challenges did the late medieval church face? How did the Avignon papacy and the Great Schism affect the place of the church in European culture and society?
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Chapter 10: Renaissance and Discovery
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Along with his rigorous teachings of ancient languages,humanist Vittorino da Feltre included ________ as part of his daily educational instructions.
A)discussions after each subject
B)physical exercise and games
C)the art of agriculture
D)playing a musical instrument
Q2) Most scholars agree that the ________ (literally "rebirth" in French)was a time of transition from medieval to modern times.
Q3) In detail,explain the formation,rise to power,and control that despots had on Italian society in the fifteenth century.Was the rule subtle or blatant? Who were the main ruling families of this era? As a result of this rule,what other aspects of society were influenced? In what ways?
Q4) How did the Spanish conquerors create a Spanish world empire? Cortés took over the Aztecs in Mexico.Pizarro conquered the Incas in Peru.How were they able to take over these powerful people in such a short amount of time? Explain.
Q5) Spanish colonials born in Spain were known as _______,as opposed to the American-born creoles.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: The Age of Reformation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Council of Trent's most important reforms concerned ________.
A)religious tolerance
B)discipline within the church
C)transubstantiation
D)the power structure of the church
Q2) The Jesuit order,which was essential to the Counter-Reformation's success,was founded by __________.
Q3) Which of the following statements characterizes Protestant views of the popular antiwoman and antimarriage literature of the Middle Ages?
A)They completely agreed with this literature.
B)They agreed in part with the antimarriage literature,but that was the extent.
C)They agreed in part with the antiwoman sentiment,but felt marriage was a necessity.
D)They completely disagreed with this literature.
Q4) Discuss how Conrad Grebel and Ulrich Zwingli differed in their religious objectives.
Q5) How did the Peace of Augsburg affect the spread of Calvinism throughout Europe? Do you believe it acted as a driving or hindering force? Explain.
Q6) Shakespeare wrote during the _________ Age.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: The Age of Religious Wars
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which analogy is most accurate?
A)Bavaria is to the Catholic as the Palatinate is to Protestantism.
B)Belgium is to the Catholic as England is to the Calvinist.
C)Italy is to Counter-Reformation as Germany is to Anglican.
D)France is to the Catholic as Prussia is to the Calvinist.
Q2) The image The Milch Cow symbolizes which of these?
A)the Thirty Years' War
B)the long-standing animosity between England and Spain
C)religious conflict in the 1500s
D)the Netherlands as a political pawn
Q3) Examine Map 12-5 on page 381 and its caption.Examine land possession and control at the end of the Thirty Years' War.What modern-day nations gained their independence as a result of the Thirty Years' War? What nations on this map have changed little since 1648?
Q4) Who did John Knox target in his work First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women?
A)Mary I of England
B)Elizabeth I of England
C)Catherine de Médicis
D)Mary Stewart
Page 14
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Chapter 13: European State Consolidation in the
Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
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Sample Questions
Q1) The revocation of the Edict of Nantes is best seen in the context of Louis XIV's policy of
A)religious persecution
B)unifying France under an absolute monarchy
C)alliance with the Catholic church
D)making war on Catholics
Q2) Under the Treaty of Dover,Charles II allied with the ________ against the _______.
A)French;Spanish
B)German Empire;Dutch
C)French;Dutch
D)English;French
Q3) The dangers and turmoil of Peter the Great's youth convinced him that the power of the tsar must be made secure from the jealousy of the ________.
Q4) Prussia is unique in early modern history because the Hohenzollerns ________.
A)had been rulers of Poland
B)were Catholic rulers of a Protestant state
C)forged an alliance with Russia
D)created a major new state
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Chapter 14: New Directions in Thought and Culture in the
Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
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Sample Questions
Q1) The book on astronomy by Maria Cunitz was ________.
A)initially rejected by the scientific world
B)recognized as her own work only after her husband added a preface
C)considered an important accomplishment for a woman of her day
D)widely read and distributed in universities
Q2) Galileo believed that all aspects of nature could be described in terms of
A)spiritual harmonies
B)the motion of atoms
C)their relation to celestial vibrations
D)mathematical relationships
Q3) Which of the following is Tycho Brahe's major contribution to science?
A)He created a vast body of astronomical data from which his successors could work.
B)He did groundbreaking scientific research in which he suggested that Mercury and Venus revolved around the sun.
C)He proved Copernicus's research incorrect and published his own geocentric findings.
D)He proved that the moon and other planets revolved around the earth.
Q4) Bernini was hired by Urban VIII to decorate ________.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Society and Economy Under the Old Regime in the Eighteenth Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) Upon marrying,a woman was expected to contribute to the household's capital in the form of a ________.
Q2) The bourgeoisie were the merchants,trades people,bankers,and professional people that constituted the ________.
Q3) Introduced from the New World,what new product allowed a more certain food supply in Europe and enabled more children to survive to adulthood and rear children of their own?
A)wheat
B)squash
C)potato
D)corn
Q4) The Russians brutally suppressed the peasant rebellion called ________.
Q5) Which of these is generally related to neolocalism?
A)early marriage
B)later marriage
C)extended families
D)Protestantism
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Q6) England's ________ were controversial-they disrupted the economic and social life of the countryside-but they may have led to more food production.
Chapter 16: The Transatlantic Economy, trade Wars, and Colonial Rebellion
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Q1) After 1713,what did the following colonies have in common: Nova Scotia,Newfoundland,Bermuda,Jamaica,and Barbados?
A)They were all founded by Christopher Columbus.
B)They were all important sugar producers.
C)They all relied on slave labor.
D)They were all British colonies.
Q2) Maria Theresa's great achievement was ________.
A)the defeat of Frederick II
B)the reconquest of Silesia
C)her granting of additional privileges to the nobility
D)the preservation of the Habsburg empire as a major political power
Q3) As a result of a scarcity of labor,which of the following nations were the first to quickly turn to importing African slaves?
A)Holland and France
B)France and Spain
C)Portugal and Holland
D)Spain and Portugal
Q4) Great Britain lost its control of the American colonies in the 1783 ________.
Page 18
Q5) A ________ is a person of European descent born in the Spanish colonies.
Q6) The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle brought the official end to ________.
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Page 19
Chapter 17: The Age of Enlightenment: Eighteenth-Century Thought
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who made up the largest audience for the work of the philosophes?
A)monarchs
B)the aristocracy and nobles
C)commercial and professional urban classes
D)clergymen
Q2) What did Baruch Spinoza and Moses Mendelssohn have in common?
A)They were both Jewish.
B)They were both Muslim.
C)They were both Protestants.
D)They were both clergymen.
Q3) According to Newton and others,nature is ________.
Q4) Denis Diderot and Jean Le Rond d'Alembert are best known for their great work:
A)Treatise on Toleration
B)the Encyclopedia
C)Philosophical Dictionary
D)Letters on the English
Q5) _____________ architecture and decoration originated in early eighteenth-century France,but was adapted to many public buildings and churches across Europe.
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Chapter 18: The French Revolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did Louis XVI and his family try to escape Paris in June 1791?
A)They disguised themselves as servants.
B)They were escorted by military police.
C)They were given freedom to pass by sympathetic revolutionaries.
D)They were escorted by clergymen.
Q2) On June 1,1789,the Third Estate invited the clergy and the nobles to join them in organizing a new legislative body,which was later named the ________.
Q3) In 1792,the Paris Commune compelled the Legislative Assembly to call for the election of a new assembly,called the ________,to write a democratic constitution.
Q4) Which of the following best summarizes Edmund Burke's view of the French Revolution?
A)He wholeheartedly supported the uprising.
B)He believed it was shortsighted and politically ignorant.
C)He believed it was the inevitable extension of Enlightenment ideals.
D)He was rather ambivalent toward the revolutionary events.
Q5) Known as ________,over 16,000 French aristocrats settled in countries near the French border,where they sought to foment counterrevolution.
Q6) The tempering of the revolution was known as the ________ Reaction.
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Chapter 19: The Age of Napoleon and the Triumph of Romanticism
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Q1) Jean-Jacques Rousseau laid out how to live a good life without being adversely influenced by society in _________.
A)Constitutional Project for Corsica
B)The Social Contract
C)Letters Written from the Mountain
D)Émile
Q2) The Battle of Trafalgar _________.
A)ended any possibility of France invading England
B)took Prussia out of the war
C)took Russia out of the war
D)led to a short-lived peace
Q3) Napoleon signed the Treaty of Tilsit with ___________.
Q4) How did ideas about Islam change for Europeans during the Romantic Era? Explain the reasons for these changes.
Q5) The Confederation of the Rhine is just one example of _______.
A)nationalistic responses to Napoleon's conquests
B)Napoleon's interference in political affairs across Europe
C)the devastation of the Napoleonic wars
D)coalitions that sprang up in defense against Napoleon's invasions
Q6) The Haitian uprising was begun by _______. Page 22
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Chapter 20: The Conservative Order and the Challenges of Reform (1815-1832)
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Sample Questions
Q1) While European powers were plotting conservative interventions in Italy and Spain,a third Mediterranean revolt erupted in ________.
Q2) What event sparked movements for independence from European domination throughout Latin America?
A)the wars of the French Revolution,particularly those of Napoleon
B)the French and Indian War
C)the American Revolution
D)the Crimean War
Q3) The Decembrist Revolt began with a revolt among ________.
A)officers
B)peasants
C)slaves
D)landowners
Q4) Although their provisions were limited in scope,which three German states granted constitutions after 1815?
A)Württemberg,Hessen,and Bremen
B)Hessen,Bavaria,and Baden
C)Baden,Bavaria,and Württemberg
D)Hamburg,Bremen,and Brandenburg
Page 24
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Chapter 21: Economic Advance and Social Unrest
(1830-1850)
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Q1) In the 1840s,the goal of prisons shifted from _____ to _____.
A)punishment;rehabilitation
B)rehabilitation;punishment
C)social segregation;punishment
D)social segregation;social integration
Q2) German conservatives gained power by playing on conflicts between ________.
A)conservatives and liberals
B)nationalists and liberals
C)conservatives and the working class
D)liberals and the working class
Q3) Which of the following is a tradition that survived the shift from a family economy to an industrial era?
A)Most parents still arranged marriages.
B)Cohabitation before marriage was rare and considered taboo.
C)Most women continued to work after marriage.
D)Most women brought a dowry to their marriage.
Q4) In the nineteenth century,as a result of the vulnerability caused by the economic transformation taking place,the low wages of female workers sometimes led them to become _____ to supplement their income.
Page 25
Q5) Why was the failure of the Irish potato crops of the 1840s so devastating?
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Chapter 22: The Age of Nation-States
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Q1) At the close of the Crimean War,the image of an invincible Russia that had prevailed across Europe since the close of the ________ Wars was shattered.
Q2) On March 28,1854,France and Britain declared war on ________ in alliance with the Ottomans.
Q3) Cavour believed that only ________ intervention could defeat Austria and unite Italy.
Q4) The ________ of 1867 transformed the Habsburg Empire into a dual monarchy.
Q5) Which of the following instituted the most extensive restructuring of Russian society and administration since Peter the Great?
A)Alexander II
B)Alexander III
C)Nicholas I
D)Nicholas II
Q6) Czech "trialism" was vetoed and argued against because ________.
A)Francis Joseph was not willing to accept the concept
B)the Magyars believed they might be forced to make similar concessions to their own subject nationalities
C)the Germans in the empire would lose standing
D)there was little public support for it in Bohemia
Page 26
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Chapter 23: The Building of European Supremacy: Society
and Politics to World War I
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Q1) Which of the following was considered a white-collar worker?
A)librarian
B)lower-level government bureaucrat
C)schoolteacher
D)shopkeeper
Q2) Which of these was true about Europe between 1860 and 1914?
A)socialism declined even as the welfare state emerged
B)Europe's productive capacity declined
C)rural life drove the economy
D)Britain continued to lead in industrialization
Q3) By the end of the nineteenth century,most Jews in Western Europe ________.
A)considered anti-Semitism a minor and temporary problem
B)seldom experienced any form of anti-Semitism
C)believed anti-Semitism was increasing and becoming a serious problem
D)believed liberal reforms were encouraging anti-Semitism
Q4) What labor-related term was coined in the latter half of the nineteenth century?
A)service sector
B)contract workers
C)binding arbitration
D)unemployment
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Chapter 24: The Birth of Modern European Thought
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Q1) Liberals and conservatives recognized that ________.
A)minimal education was needed to help keep new voters in check
B)extensive education was needed to ensure the orderly political behavior of new voters
C)literacy would jeopardize the productivity of the workforce
D)education leading to better jobs and political influence was within reach of the masses
Q2) The most important proclamation of Pope Leo XIII was the encyclical ________,which,in part,urged employers to seek just and peaceful relations with workers.
Q3) Most social scientists of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century ________.
A)reinforced traditional gender roles
B)supported wider sexual freedoms for women
C)embraced some but not all feminist ideas about gender roles
D)began to take a more liberal view of marriage,family,and child rearing
Q4) The first person to use race to explain history was ________.
Q5) Explain how higher literacy rates worked to provide consumers for the Second Industrial Revolution.
Q6) How did science fiction find immediate acceptance by the popular culture?
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Chapter 25: The Age of Western Imperialism
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Q1) Which French physician measured the skulls of human beings from different races and assigned them intellectual capacity on the basis of brain size?
A)Walter Reed
B)Carlos Finley
C)Paul Broca
D)James Cook
Q2) Indian Hindus organized the ________ in 1885 with the goals of modernizing Indian life and liberalizing British policy.
Q3) In ________,Europeans could experience different parts of their nation's empires in a pleasant setting of flowerbeds,trees,and greenhouses.
Q4) Which of the following best expresses the British rationale for ruling India in the nineteenth century?
A)The rationale for rule shifted among all of these ideas over time.
B)Britain could bring orderly administration to a chaotic land.
C)Missionaries could spread Christianity among Hindus and Muslims.
D)British enlightenment values would bring civilization to India.
Q5) The ________ closed the Americas to European colonization.
Q6) Japan became a major imperial power in Asia in 1895 after defeating ________.
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Chapter 26: Alliances, War, and a Troubled Peace
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Q1) What best characterizes the Serbian reply to Austria-Hungary's demands?
A)conciliatory
B)militaristic
C)jingoistic
D)mobilization
Q2) The first power to mobilize against Russia in 1914 was ________.
A)Austria
B)France
C)Germany
D)Serbia
Q3) The one real strength of the League of Nations was that __________.
A)it had both persuasive and coercive powers
B)there was a consensus about its principles
C)it included all European nations and the U.S.
D)it was opposed to colonialism
Q4) Discuss the factors that led to the collapse of the Central Powers and the Allied victory in World War I.Which factor was to prove to be most decisive in the Allied victory?
Q5) Why were the opposing forces of World War I locked in a virtual stalemate until 1917? What broke the stalemate?
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Chapter 27: The Interwar Years: the Challenge of Dictators and Depression
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Q1) Describe how the Soviets successfully collectivized the agricultural economy.Include an explanation of the Soviet people's response to collectivization and an analysis of the results.
Q2) Mussolini's brokering of the Lateran Accord resulted in ________. A)disdain among Italians,the majority of whom opposed a separate state for the Vatican B)fear among Italians,the majority of whom opposed Catholicism as a national religion C)anger among Italians,with many feeling that Italy's concessions had been too costly D)approval among Italians,bringing increased respectability to Mussolini's regime
Q3) ________ was the executor of the imprisonment and execution of millions of Soviet citizens between 1934 and 1939.
Q4) The replacement of private peasant farms with huge state-run and state-owned farms was called ________.
Q5) Set the stage for the political dynamics in play in Europe following the conclusion of World War I.How were governments changing,and what major trends were forming?
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Chapter 28: World War Ii
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Q1) Blitzkrieg means ________.
A)war propaganda,which is how Hitler hoped to win
B)air war,which is how the Allies hoped to win
C)lightening warfare,which is how Hitler hoped to win
D)trench warfare,which is how the Allies hoped to win
Q2) The French believed that ________.
A)France could do worse than be ruled by Hitler
B)the Maginot Line would protect them from a German assault
C)World War I had no relevance to contemporary military planning
D)they were ready for blitzkrieg
Q3) How did the Spanish Civil War affect world politics?
A)It brought Germany and Italy closer together.
B)It ended the policy of appeasement.
C)It brought France and Spain closer together.
D)It resulted in an international ban on the sale of weapons to fascist regimes.
Q4) Military deaths in World War II numbered approximately ________ million.
A)5
B)30
C)15
D)50
Page 32
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of a New Europe
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Q1) What was Putin's relationship with NATO during his presidency?
A)Putin sought to expand NATO's involvement in Eastern Europe.
B)Putin opposed the expansion of NATO in Eastern Europe.
C)Putin condemned NATO after it sanctioned Russia for its interference with the governments of former Soviet republics.
D)Putin criticized NATO after it refused to accept Russia as a member.
Q2) What event marked the beginning of Algerian nationalism?
A)the granting of full citizenship by France to a select group of Algerian Muslims
B)the immigration of Europeans into Algiers
C)the suppression of Muslims following a conflict at Sétif
D)the founding of the National Liberation Front
Q3) Who called the Soviet Union an "evil empire"?
A)Pope John Paul II
B)U.S.President Ronald Reagan
C)U.S.President Jimmy Carter
D)Mohandas Gandhi
Q4) Explain how the Brezhnev Doctrine of 1968 differed from the Truman Doctrine of 1947.
Q5) Do you think the Cold War could have been avoided? Why or why not?
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Chapter 30: Social, cultural, and Economic Challenges in the West Through the Present
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Q1) Which of the following events helped to reduce tensions between the United States and western Europe in the first decade of the twenty-first century?
A)the U.S.invasion of Iraq
B)the U.S.invasion of Afghanistan
C)the Russian invasion of Georgia
D)the terrorist attack on the subway system and a bus in London
Q2) Neo-Orthodoxy did not sweep away liberal theology,which had a strong advocate in German-American theologian ________.
Q3) Until the ________,Western Europe had large,organized communist parties,as well as groups of intellectuals sympathetic to communism.
Q4) The controversy over the admission of ________ to the European Union is partially over the "Islamic factor."
Q5) About ________ Germans were expelled by Poland,Czechoslovakia,and Hungary following World War II.
A)12 million
B)20,000
C)23 million
D)230,000
Page 34
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