History of Western Civilization Exam Review
Course Introduction
History of Western Civilization explores the major social, political, economic, and cultural developments that have shaped Western societies from ancient times to the modern era. The course examines key events, ideas, and movements including the rise and fall of empires, the development of democratic institutions, scientific and artistic achievements, religious transformations, and encounters with other cultures that have influenced the trajectory of Europe and the broader Western world. By analyzing primary and secondary sources, students gain a deeper understanding of how historical forces continue to impact contemporary Western society.
Recommended Textbook
Western Civilization Volume II Since 1500 9th Edition by Jackson J. Spielvogel
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
17 Chapters
1261 Verified Questions
1261 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1427
Page 2
Chapter 1: Reformation and Religious Warfare in the
Sixteenth Century
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28309
Sample Questions
Q1) The Catholic Reformation saw the revival of monasticism and A)asceticism.
B)mysticism.
C)secularism.
D)heathenism.
E)paganism.
Answer: B
Q2) How did Zwingli's interpretation of the Lord's Supper differ from that of Luther?
A)Luther held to the Catholic belief in transubstantiation.
B)Luther said that the ceremony was totally symbolic.
C)Zwingli said the ceremony was only symbolic and that no real transformation in the bread and wine occurred.
D)Luther claimed the ceremony was only symbolic and that no transformation in the bread and wine occurred.
E)Zwingli held to the belief called consubstantiation.
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Europe and the World: New Encounters
1500-1800
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28310
Sample Questions
Q1) What best explains the success of the Portuguese in building a maritime empire?
A)Guns and seamanship
B)Gold and faith
C)Portugal's growing population
D)Civil war in China
E)Spanish help
Answer: A
Q2) The Dutch in Southeast Asia were supplanted by the Portuguese.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) What best exemplified early Spanish exploration of and expansion in the New World?
A)The first circumnavigation of the globe by Amerigo Vespucci
B)The conquest of the Aztec Empire by Cortés
C)The conquest of the Incas by Magellan
D)Pizarro's landing at the Pacific coast of South America in 1530
E)Da Gama's arrival in India in 1498
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: State Building and the Search for Order in the
Seventeenth Century
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28311
Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement most closely describes Peter the Great of Russia?
A)His program of Europeanization was predominantly technical and aimed at modernizing the military.
B)His respect for western governments led to increased powers for the nobility.
C)His traditional, conservative attitude stripped away all previous social gains for women.
D)His desire to teach Russians western customs could not be enforced among the old-fashioned nobles.
E)He rejected Westernization in favor of Orthodoxy.
Answer: A
Q2) What did the English Bill of Rights achieve?
A)It laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy.
B)It resolved all of England's seventeenth-century religious questions.
C)It reaffirmed the divine-right theory of kingship while limiting the king's power.
D)It confirmed the king's right to raise standing armies without parliamentary consent.
E)It stated that taxes could only be approved by the House of Lords, not the House of Commons.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28312
Sample Questions
Q1) Baron Paul d'Holbach believed that
A)emotion was more important than reason.
B)traditional values were always best.
C)religious revival was Europe's only hope.
D)God was like a clockmaker.
E)God did not exist.
Q2) Rococo artists celebrated majesty, power, and movement.
A)True
B)False
Q3) From which segment of society did most of the French philosophes come?
A)The nobility and the middle class
B)The lower class and the lower middle class
C)Aristocracy and nobility
D)Urban artisans and craftsmen
E)Merchants and tradesmen
Q4) Discuss the significance and the influence of John Locke and Isaac Newton on the Enlightenment.
Q5) Rousseau believed that men and women were fundamentally different.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: The Eighteenth Century: European States
International Wars and Social Change
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28313
Sample Questions
Q1) Which English prime minster pursued imperial ambitions on behalf of the state in the eighteenth century?
A)William Pitt the Elder
B)Robert Clive
C)William Pitt the Younger
D)Robert Walpole
E)Lord Brute
Q2) By far the biggest conflicts of the Seven Years' War took place in
A)East Asia.
B)India.
C)North America.
D)Central Europe.
E)Eastern Europe.
Q3) Maria Theresa of Austria was a staunch Catholic and political conservative.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In your opinion, how sincere were the enlightened absolutist monarchs in their commitment to Enlightenment ideals? What is the mark of that sincerity or lack thereof? Explain.
Q5) What role did the nobility play in European politics in the eighteenth century?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution
and Napoleon
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28314
Sample Questions
Q1) Was the American War of Independence truly revolutionary? Explain.
Q2) What group emerged as the most important radical element in French politics at the beginning of the French Revolution?
A)Bonapartists
B)Papists
C)Communards
D)Loyalists
E)Jacobins
Q3) During the reign of Napoleon as emperor of France, ____ was a dependent kingdom.
A)Prussia
B)Britain
C)Spain
D)Austria
E)Russia
Q4) Which group comprised the largest segment of the Third Estate?
A)Skilled artisans
B)Merchants
C)Peasants
D)Professionals
E)Soldiers
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28315
Sample Questions
Q1) the London Working Men's Association
Q2) By 1850, trains could reach speeds of ____ miles per hour.
A)50
B)20
C)125
D)80
E)170
Q3) hand-loom weavers
Q4) The factory system required a new kind of discipline from employees.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Edmund Cartwright
Q6) Lack of technical knowledge hampered industrialization on the continent until the early twentieth century.
A)True
B)False
Q7) cottage industry
Q8) bourgeoisie
Q9) How did industrialization affect social life, city life, family life, and standards of living? Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 10
Chapter 8: Reaction Revolution and Romanticism 1815-1850
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28316
Sample Questions
Q1) Which revolutionary led the movement for Italian unification?
A)Edmund Burke
B)Giuseppe Mazzini
C)Cristina Belgioioso.
D)Nicholas I
E)Louis-Philippe
Q2) Which social group was the foremost in embracing liberalism?
A)Factory workers
B)The industrial middle class
C)Radical aristocrats
D)Army officers
E)The landed gentry
Q3) Why was King Louis-Philippe of France called the "bourgeois monarch"?
A)He did all he could to help the impoverished industrial workers.
B)He was strongly supported by the upper-middle class and instituted constitutional changes that favored them.
C)He allowed for great reforms in the electoral system.
D)He was the son of the former reactionary King Charles X.
E)He did not recognize the value of the upper-middle class base.
Q4) What ideas and beliefs united the early socialists?
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: An Age of Nationalism and Realism 1850-1871
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28317
Sample Questions
Q1) The zemstvos system was designed to enhance the power of the Russian central government.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How did Marx explain historical change? How did he apply his theory of historical change to the times in which he lived?
Q3) From 1862 to 1866, Bismarck governed Prussia by
A)courting labor unions and the working class.
B)working closely with opposition politicians.
C)popular referendum.
D)ignoring parliament.
E)ignoring King William I.
Q4) What was an important characteristic of Realist art?
A)A focus on emotion and the inner life
B)A desire to depict everyday life
C)A desire to present an ideal world
D)An emphasis on color and drama
E)A belief in the genius of the individual artist
Q5) How would you explain Britain's relative political stability in the second half of the nineteenth century?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28318
Sample Questions
Q1) How long did France's Third Republic last?
A)10 years
B)65 years
C)50 years
D)25 years
E)5 years
Q2) After 1870, industrialization outside of Europe and North America was most notable in
A)North Africa.
B)China.
C)South America.
D)the Middle East.
E)Japan.
Q3) What was Octavia Hill's housing venture designed to achieve?
A)Provide the poor with an environment they could use to improve themselves.
B)Offer charity to the poor since they could never help themselves.
C)Let the wealthy know what it was like to be poor.
D)Break down class barriers in London.
E)Make the upper classes feel better and improve their self-esteem by doing something for the downtrodden of society.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 13
Chapter 11: An Age of Modernity Anxiety and Imperialism
1894-1914
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28319
Sample Questions
Q1) What assumptions did Freud make about the workings of the human mind?
Q2) By 1820, Europeans controlled 90 percent of Africa.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Who gained fame for her actions during the American Civil War?
A)Clara Barton
B)Florence Nightingale
C)Amalie Sieveking
D)Emmeline Pankhurst
E)Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Q4) Max Planck argued that a heated body radiates energy in a steady stream.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Whose quantum theory raised fundamental questions about the subatomic realm of the atom?
A)Tesla
B)Einstein
C)Planck
D)Curie
E)Carver
Page 14
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
War and Revolution
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28320
Sample Questions
Q1) What was the chief reason for the United States' entry into World War I?
A)Compelling British propaganda
B)German violations of the principles of neutrality and freedom of the seas
C)Expulsion of the American consul from Berlin
D)Diplomatic chicanery on the part of the Austrians
E)Threats by Mexico to invade the southwestern United States
Q2) In 1916, compulsory military service was introduced in ____ for the first time.
A)France
B)Austria
C)Germany
D)Russia
E)Britain
Q3) What did Lenin do following the Bolshevik seizure of power in November 1917?
A)He accelerated the war effort against Germany.
B)He returned the control of factories to their rightful owners.
C)He entered into a treaty with Germany in the attempt to bring peace to Russia.
D)He successfully managed to reestablish the Duma under socialist control.
E)He confiscated all the agricultural land in Russia, forcing the peasants into large collective farms.
Q4) Why did the Allies eventually prevail over the Central Powers?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 13: The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between
the Wars 1919-1939
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28321
Sample Questions
Q1) During the war, Britain and France made plans to divide up Ottoman Territories in the Middle East.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which Middle Eastern Muslim nation made a conscious effort to adopt Western secular culture after World War I?
A)Egypt
B)Iraq
C)Saudi Arabia
D)Palestine
E)Turkey
Q3) Above all else, the German Expressionists were influenced by the ideas of Freud.
A)True
B)False
Q4) German expressionists focused on the human costs and consequences of
A)the Russian Revolution.
B)secularism.
C)authoritarianism.
D)World War I.
E)capitalism.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 14: The Deepening of the European Crisis: World
War 2
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28322
Sample Questions
Q1) How did the Battles of Stalingrad and Midway change the course of World War II?
Q2) What was the official reason for dropping atomic bombs on Japan?
A)To punish Japan for Pearl Harbor
B)To test out the new weapon to see how powerful it was
C)To offset a shortage of conventional explosive materials in the United States
D)To save the hundreds of thousands of American lives it was calculated that a U.S.-led invasion of Japan would cost
E)To force the Japanese emperor to give up his claims to divinity and to abdicate
Q3) What did Japanese expansionists hope to achieve in the 1930s?
A)They wanted to create trade relationship with Western powers.
B)They wanted to create a military alliance with China.
C)They wanted to create a new power structure in Asia with Japan guiding its neighbors.
D)They wanted to align with the powerful Soviet Union.
E)They wanted create a military and economic alliance with the United States.
Q4) The German annexation of Austria cost the lives of thousands of soldiers on both sides.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter
15: Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1965
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28323
Sample Questions
Q1) The United States intervened in Korea after the Soviets built missile launching sites in key North Korean cities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What was Charles de Gaulle's position in the Cold War when he was president of France?
A)He closely aligned France with the Warsaw Pact nations.
B)He made France the "third" nuclear power and pursued a largely independent political course.
C)He let American policy guide France and other European nations.
D)He made France the leading European power in NATO.
E)He joined the non-aligned third-world nations.
Q3) What is an example of the relaxation of repressive Stalinism during Khrushchev's regime?
A)The publication of his own autobiography
B)The publication of Stalin's Last Will and Testament
C)The publication of Trotsky's Dr.Zhivago
D)The publication of Solzhenitsyn's A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
E)The publication of the Bible and the Koran for the first times since the Revolution of 1917
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 18
Chapter 16: Protest and Stagnation: the Western World
1965-1985
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28324
Sample Questions
Q1) Identify and discuss the causes and consequences of the student rebellions of the 1960s and 1970s.
Q2) Postmodern art was known for its
A)eclectic mingling of historic tradition and Modernist innovation.
B)simplicity of design.
C)rejection of performance and installation-based work.
D)focus on object-based artwork.
E)photorealism.
Q3) What major economic problems and consequences plagued the West during the 1970s? How did the U.S., Europe, and the Soviet Union each attempt to resolve these problems? Which country or policies had the greatest success and why?
Q4) Gustáv Husák implemented far-reaching reforms and new freedoms when he came to power in Czechoslovakia in 1968.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In the early 1970s the European Community expanded with Great Britain, Ireland, and Denmark becoming member states.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 17: After the Fall: the Western World in a Global Age
Since 1985
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28325
Sample Questions
Q1) What did Mikhail Gorbachev intend to do under perestroika?
A)Frighten the United States with more military spending
B)Create a more free and open political culture in the U.S.S.R.
C)Turn all power over to the people
D)Restructure the economic and political systems
E)End communism and adopt western-style democracy
Q2) Experts believe that one of the most important vehicles for addressing global issues presently and in the future are
A)NGOs.
B)human rights organizations.
C)global banking institutions.
D)women's and men's liberation movements.
E)environmental activist groups.
Q3) How and why did the Cold War end? Did anyone "win" this conflict? Who? Why?
Q4) Is capitalism the dominant force on the planet today? Why or why not?
Q5) In 2004, Yugoslavia officially ceased to exist when it was renamed Serbia and Montenegro.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20