History of the United States II Final Exam
Course Introduction
History of the United States II explores the political, social, economic, and cultural developments in the United States from the end of the Civil War to the present. The course examines major events and themes such as Reconstruction, industrialization, the rise of the U.S. as a global power, social reform movements, the Great Depression, two World Wars, the Cold War era, and the evolving roles of diverse populations in shaping American society. Emphasis is placed on understanding how historical conflicts, movements for change, and key individuals have influenced the nations trajectory and contemporary issues.
Recommended Textbook
American Pageant Volume 2 16th Edition by
David M. Kennedy
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20 Chapters
2630 Verified Questions
2630 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Johnson was narrowly acquitted on the impeachment charges ultimately because A) Secretary of War Edwin Stanton aided Johnson's defense by spying on congressional prosecutors.
B) radical Republicans recognized that Johnson's successor would be worse.
C) many people favored destabilizing the federal government.
D) sufficient numbers of Republican senators recognized that the impeachment charges were legally dubious and politically charged and voted "not guilty."
E) Johnson promised to reverse his Reconstruction policies and adopt all of the radical Republicans' positions.
Answer: D
Q2) Most radical Reconstruction regimes in the South
A) expanded the legal property rights of women.
B) established public-school systems.
C) were controlled by freed slaves.
D) were troubled by graft and corruption.
E) refused to permit southern whites to hold office.
Answer: A, B, D
Q3) Hiram Revels
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age, 1869-1896
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147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sequence of presidential terms of the "forgettable presidents" of the Gilded Age (including Cleveland's two nonconsecutive terms) was
A) Cleveland, Hayes, Harrison, Cleveland, Arthur, and Garfield.
B) Garfield, Hayes, Harrison, Cleveland, Arthur, and Cleveland.
C) Cleveland, Garfield, Arthur, Hayes, Harrison, and Cleveland.
D) Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison, and Cleveland.
E) Hayes, Garfield, Harrison, Cleveland, Arthur, and Cleveland.
Answer: D
Q2) At the end of Reconstruction, Southern whites disenfranchised African Americans using
A) literacy requirements.
B) poll taxes.
C) onerous and intimidating voter registration laws.
D) lynching
E) All of these choices are correct.
Answer: E
Q3) Farmers' Alliance
Answer: Answers will vary.
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4
Chapter 3: Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) trust
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q2) Agreements between railroad corporations to divide the business in a given area and share the profits were called
A) pools.
B) trusts.
C) rebates.
D) interlocking directorates.
E) kickbacks.
Answer: A
Q3) Vital improvements in railroading in the late nineteenth century included A) standard gauge of track width.
B) air brakes.
C) steel rails.
D) Pullman cars.
E) the block signal.
Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Q4) consumer goods
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 4: America Moves to the City, 1865-1900
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) evolutionary process
Q2) By 1900, American cities were becoming
A) heavily populated.
B) segregated by race and ethnic group.
C) segregated by occupation.
D) geographically compact.
E) more homogeneous.
Q3) Fear of newly arriving immigrants has been a constant in American history. With respect to the New Immigrants of the late nineteenth century, describe what the native-born Americans were concerned about. Do you think their fears were well founded? Why or why not?
Q4) Which one of the following has the least in common with the other four?
A) Slums
B) Dumbbell tenements
C) Bedroom communities
D) Flophouses
E) The "Lung Block"
Q5) natural selection
Q6) talented tenth
Q7) Jane Addams
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1865-1896
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Democratic party nominee for president in 1896 was ____; the Republicans nominated ____; and the Populists endorsed ____.
A) William McKinley; Mark Hanna; William Jennings Bryan
B) William Jennings Bryan; William McKinley; James B. Weaver
C) William Jennings Bryan; William McKinley; William Jennings Bryan
D) Mark Hanna; William Jennings Bryan; William Jennings Bryan
E) William Jennings Bryan; Theodore Roosevelt; William Jennings Bryan
Q2) reservation system
Q3) The United States government's outlawing of the Indian Sun (Ghost) Dance in 1890 resulted in the
A) Battle of Wounded Knee.
B) Sand Creek massacre.
C) Battle of Little Big Horn.
D) Dawes Severalty Act.
E) Indian Reorganization Act.
Q4) Homestead Act
Q5) Colored Farmers National Alliance
Q6) Arapahoes
Q7) George A. Custer
Q8) mining industry Page 7
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Page 8
Chapter 6: Empire and Expansion, 1890-1909
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what sense might the original public demand for intervention in Cuba be said to reflect traditional American idealism and anti-imperialism? How did that idealistic crusade end up leading to America's first major imperialistic ventures?
Q2) James G. Blaine
Q3) What attitudes and policies shaped American relations with both the government of Japan and Japanese immigrants? What did the San Francisco School crisis reveal about American and Japanese concerns?
Q4) reconcentration camps
Q5) Hawaii's Queen Liliuokalani was forced from power in 1893 because
A) she refused to allow Christian missionaries in her country.
B) many Hawaiians found her rule corrupt.
C) Hawaiian agriculture had failed under her leadership.
D) President Grover Cleveland believed that she had become too closely associated with the American sugar lords.
E) she opposed annexation to the United States and insisted that native Hawaiians should continue to control Hawaii.
Q6) yellow press
Q7) McKinley Tariff
Page 9
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Chapter 7: Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "white slave" traffic
Q2) The public outcry after the horrible Triangle Shirtwaist fire led many states to pass
A) laws prohibiting children from working in the needle trades.
B) laws prohibiting women from working in the needle trades.
C) antisweatshop and workers' compensation laws for job injuries.
D) zoning regulations governing where dangerous industrial factories could be located.
E) laws guaranteeing unions the right to raise safety concerns.
Q3) Lillian Wald
Q4) President Taft intervened militarily in ____ to ease disorders that threatened American investments there.
A) Central America
B) Manchuria
C) the Mediterranean
D) the Caribbean
E) the Philippines
Q5) Ray Stannard Baker
Q6) Newlands Act
Q7) Meat Inspection Act
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Chapter 8: Wilsonian Progressivism in Peace and War,
1913-1920
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Woodrow Wilson's early efforts to conduct a strongly anti-imperialist U. S. foreign policy were first undermined when he
A) dispatched U.S. military forces to protect American interests in China.
B) told the Filipinos that they could not obtain their independence for at least forty years.
C) sent American marines to Haiti and the Dominican Republic.
D) sent the U.S. Navy to seize the Virgin Islands from Denmark.
E) began constructing a massive U.S. Navy base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
Q2) Woodrow Wilson's ultimate goal at the Paris Peace Conference was to A) stop the spread of communism.
B) blame no one for starting the war.
C) force Germany to pay reparations for the war.
D) establish the League of Nations.
E) destroy the Austrian and Russian empires.
Q3) The flood of progressive legislation during Wilson's first term included laws to
A) provide disability assistance to civil-service workers.
B) establish the eight-hour day for interstate railroad workers.
C) end discrimination against black employees of the federal government.
D) provide credit and low-interest loans to farmers.
E) establish decent treatment and a living wage on American merchant ships.
Page 11
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Chapter 9: American Life in the Roaring Twenties
1920 1929
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sigmund Freud
Q2) Among the consequences of prohibition were
A) a growing recognition of the health risks of alcohol consumption.
B) growing cultural conflict between urban immigrants and residents of the South and West.
C) reduced absenteeism in American industry.
D) a vast increase in organized crime and gangsterism.
E) increased respect for law enforcement.
Q3) "Jelly Roll" Morton
Q4) The cultural offerings of radio programs and motion picturesin the 1920s
A) were less popular than had been anticipated.
B) contributed to the standardization of American life.
C) affirmed and supported the rich diversity of traditional Old Country cultures and values.
D) were for the most part too expensive for ordinary working families.
E) strengthened American family life.
Q5) The Sun Also Rises
Q6) national origins quota system
Q7) The Great Gatsby
Page 12
Q8) United Negro Improvement Association
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Chapter 10: The Politics of Boom and Bust 1920 1932
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Four-Power Treaty
Q2) Which of the following represented political divisions that divided the Democratic party in the presidential election of 1924?
A) "Wets" versus "drys"
B) Immigrants versus old-stock Protestant Americans
C) Northern liberals versus southern conservatives.
D) Fundamentalists versus modernists
E) All of these choices are correct.
Q3) In America, the onset of the Great Depression in 1930 caused
A) people to blame, at first, the economic system, not their own personal failings for their catastrophic economic and social problems.
B) a decade-long decline in the birthrate.
C) an increase of foreign investment because prices were so low.
D) a shift from Wall Street investment to investment in small, local businesses.
E) a growing acceptance by business and Wall Street of the need for federal regulation of financial markets and business practices.
Q4) Albert B. Fall
Q5) Teapot Dome
Q6) Norris-La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act
Page 14
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Chapter 11: The Great Depression and the New Deal
1933 1939
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Securities and Exchange Commission
Q2) Recently, some historians have argued that the New Deal had a more radical effect on men than women for all of the following reasons except
A) Social Security was designed to assist male breadwinners, who were expected to share benefits with their families.
B) married women were rarely favored for jobs in New Deal agencies.
C) social and economic programs of the New Deal maintained or reaffirmed women's traditional roles as wives or mothers.
D) social and economic programs of the New Deal tended to provide more opportunities to men than women.
E) many men were required to assume significant child rearing responsibility because of the millions of women who went to work for New Deal agencies.
Q3) John Steinbeck
Q4) Huey Long
Q5) Ruth Benedict
Q6) Mary McLeod Bethune
Q7) sit-down strike
Q8) Schechter case
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Chapter 12: Franklin D Roosevelt and the Shadow of War
1933 1941
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rome-Berlin axis
Q2) Shortly after Adolf Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union in August 1939
A) Britain and France signed a similar agreement.
B) the Soviets attacked China.
C) Germany invaded Poland and started World War II.
D) Italy signed a similar agreement with the Soviets.
E) the Germans invaded Finland.
Q3) Battle of Britain
Q4) ____ The nation that, when invaded in 1939, touched off the formal onset of World War II.
Q5) Assess President Roosevelt's conduct of American foreign policy from 1935 to 1941. When and why did he move from isolationism to interventionism in the European war?How didPresidentRoosevelt use his political and diplomatic skills to guide the reluctant American public away from isolationism and toward support for interventionism? Was Roosevelt honest and far-sighted, as his supporters claimed, or cunningly deceptive, as his isolationist detractors asserted, or a little of both, as he moved to upgrade quickly American military preparedness and provide increasing military assistance and support to Great Britain in the European war? Defend your positions with specific historical examples.
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Chapter 13: America in World War II 1941 1945
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) President Roosevelt's promise to the Soviets to open a second front in Western Europe by the end of 1942
A) was fulfilled by the invasion of North Africa.
B) was made to deceive Stalin and encourage him to slow his army's movement into Eastern Europe.
C) was strongly supported by Churchill and British military leaders.
D) proved utterly impossible to keep.
E) represented the key goal to which all early American military efforts were directed.
Q2) National War Labor Board
Q3) Once at war, America's first great challenge was to
A) pass a conscription law.
B) maintain public support and patriotism for the war effort.
C) extend aid to the Soviet Union.
D) develop atomic weapons.
E) retool its industry for all-out war production.
Q4) How did World War II affect the role of the national government in American life, the relationship between government and the economy, and minority groups in America?
Q5) Battle of the Bulge
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Chapter 14: The Cold War Begins 1945-1952
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The dramatically reduced number of American farms and farmers in the postwar era was accompanied by
A) growing poverty in rural America.
B) increasing shortages of American-grown food and fiber.
C) radical protests by farmers and farm laborers.
D) a romantic "back to the land" movement among city dwellers.
E) spectacular gains in American agricultural productivity and food growing.
Q2) What were the fundamental causes of the spectacular prosperity of the United States in the decades immediately after World War II? To what extent was the economic boom a result of factors internal to the United States, and to what extent was it a result of the devastation of much of Europe and Asia?
Q3) Truman Doctrine
Q4) Which of the following was not among the early successes of the United Nations?
A) Stopping the spread of atomic weapons
B) Preventing warfare over Kashmir and Iran
C) Creating the new state of Israel
D) Guiding former European colonies to independence
E) Enhancing global health, food production, and cultural development
Q5) Dean Acheson
Q6) ____ Albania
Page 18
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Chapter 15: American Zenith 1952-1963
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How was the increasingly open expression of sexuality in popular culture and music a reflection of American affluence? In what ways did overt sexuality and mass production mutually enhance one another?
Q2) The Alliance for Progress, which intended to improve economic growth and democratic reforms in Latin America, was
A) effectively implemented by American Peace Corps volunteers.
B) effective economically but ineffective in developing pro-American sentiment in the region.
C) generally disappointing in its development and implementation.
D) weakened by the Kennedy administration's harsh policies toward Cuba.
E) an incentive for growing Soviet intervention in the region.
Q3) Lyndon B. Johnson
Q4) March on Washington
Q5) What political, economic, and social factors explain the rise, resilience, and dedicated activism of the American civil rights movement in the 1950s?
Q6) Marilyn Monroe
Q7) Flannery O'Connor
Q8) Southern Renaissance
Q9) John Updike
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Chapter 16: The Stormy Sixties 1963-1973
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nation of Islam
Q2) J. William Fulbright
Q3) In Griswold v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court upheld a married couple's right to use contraceptives based on
A) the necessary and proper clause of the Constitution.
B) the First Amendment.
C) a right to privacy.
D) Roe v. Wade.
E) the Fourteenth Amendment.
Q4) President Nixon's 1970 invasion of Cambodia led to
A) a successful suppression of Viet Cong gains in South Vietnam.
B) congressional approval for an expanded war effort.
C) a growing threat from the Soviet Union to enter the war on the side of North Vietnam.
D) dramatic new waves of bitter domestic protest against the war.
E) an end to the secret American bombing campaign against Cambodia.
Q5) Stokely Carmichael
Q6) Philadelphia Plan
Q7) Great Society
Q8) Robert S. McNamara
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Chapter 17: Challenges to the Postwar Order 1973-1980
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) President Carter believed that the fundamental problem of the American economy in the late 1970s was
A) the absence of price controls on domestic oil production.
B) U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
C) the high import fees on foreign oil.
D) the exhaustion of domestic oil supplies.
E) the loss of a manufacturing base.
Q2) stagflation
Q3) Do you think that President Carter overreacted to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan? Why or why not? In what way did that event mark a critical turning point in American foreign policy?
Q4) On which of the following issues did most second wave feminists agree?
A) Marriage
B) How much to expect from the government, capitalism, and men
C) Pornography
D) Abortion rights
E) Maternity leaves and special protections for women in the workplace
Q5) Twenty-Fifth amendment
Q6) Iranian hostage crisis
Q7) Helsinki accords
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Chapter 18: The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980-1992
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these liberal policies provided the most political ammunition for movement conservatives in the 1980s: abortion, affirmative action, or social welfare programs?
Q2) Why did conservatism gain such strength in the 1980s and 1990s? Where did modern American conservatism come from?
Q3) Boris Yeltsin
Q4) Among the Democrats whom Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis defeated for the party's nomination to run against George Bush in 1988 were
A) Edward Kennedy and Jimmy Carter.
B) Walter Mondale and Geraldine Ferraro.
C) Gary Hart and Jesse Jackson.
D) Bill Clinton and Albert Gore.
E) Paul Simon and Lloyd Bentsen.
Q5) As one consequence of the demise of the Soviet Union
A) religious rivalries in Russia ended.
B) Solidarity rose in Poland.
C) the entire European continent became more stable.
D) long-suppressed ethnic hatreds flared in the former Soviet republics.
E) the rivalry between Russia and China ended.
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Chapter 19: America Confronts the Post-Cold War Era,
1992-2000
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kosovo
Q2) How did the cultural and intellectual outlook of postmodernism dovetail with Americans' attitudes about race, ethnicity, and identity of the late 1990s and the early twenty-first century? What were some of the literary, artistic, and architectural examples of this period that reflected elements of the postmodern mind?
Q3) J. Danforth Quayle
Q4) The first significant numbers of Mexican American immigrants to the United States came during the
A) aftermath of the Mexican War, 1850-1860.
B) era of the Mexican Revolution, 1910-1920.
C) Great Depression, 1930-1940.
D) aftermath of World War II, 1945-1955.
E) post-Vietnam War era, 1975-1985.
Q5) Evaluate the debates over multiculturalism and the traditional melting pot of American national culture. Why have such controversies so often contributed to the culture wars? Is there a middle ground between a strong multiculturalism and the desire to hold onto shared American values and culture?
Q6) Cinco de Mayo
Q7) "don't ask, don't tell"
Page 23
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Guantanamo Detention Camp
Q2) Joseph Biden
Q3) In what ways did George W. Bush's administration and policies represent a continuation of the conservative revolution launched by Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush, and to what extent did it represent a more radical and unprecedented turn in American foreign and domestic policies?
Q4) How did the Bush administration respond at home and abroad to the terrorist attacks of 2001? Which elements of its response were met with general approval, and which caused heightened political controversy?
Q5) The original home of Osama bin Laden, the organizer of Al Qaeda and presumed organizer of the September 11 attacks, was
A) Jordan.
B) Iraq.
C) Iran.
D) Saudi Arabia.
E) Afghanistan.
Q6) deleveraging
Q7) Human Genome Project
Q8) affirmative action
Page 24
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Page 25