History of the United States II Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
History of the United States II explores the major political, social, economic, and cultural developments in the United States from the end of Reconstruction in 1877 to the present day. The course examines key events such as industrialization, urbanization, progressive reforms, the countrys involvement in major world conflicts, the Civil Rights Movement, and shifts in domestic and foreign policy. Through analysis of primary and secondary sources, students will gain a deeper understanding of how historical forces have shaped modern America and its role in the global community.
Recommended Textbook
American Pageant Volume 2 16th Edition by
David M. Kennedy
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20 Chapters
2630 Verified Questions
2630 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Johnson was narrowly acquitted on the impeachment charges ultimately because A) Secretary of War Edwin Stanton aided Johnson's defense by spying on congressional prosecutors.
B) radical Republicans recognized that Johnson's successor would be worse.
C) many people favored destabilizing the federal government.
D) sufficient numbers of Republican senators recognized that the impeachment charges were legally dubious and politically charged and voted "not guilty."
E) Johnson promised to reverse his Reconstruction policies and adopt all of the radical Republicans' positions.
Answer: D
Q2) The main purpose of the Black Codes was to
A) guarantee freedom for the blacks.
B) ensure a stable and subservient labor supply.
C) prevent interracial sex and marriage.
D) prevent blacks from becoming sharecroppers.
E) create a system of justice for ex-slaves.
Answer: B
Q3) Hiram Revels
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter
2:
Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age, 1869-1896
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147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the mid to late nineteenth century, Chinese women
A) did not emigrate to the United States at all.
B) settled mostly on the East Coast.
C) outnumbered Chinese men as immigrants to the United States.
D) were very few in number, and most became prostitutes.
E) competed with Irish and black women for jobs in domestic service.
Answer: D
Q2) All of the following are true statements about the Civil Rights Act of 1875 except
A) it marked a last political gasp of the congressional radical Republicans.
B) it was supposed to guarantee equal rights in voting and access to education for blacks and whites.
C) its purpose was to ensure equal accommodations in public places.
D) it prohibited racial discrimination in jury selection.
E) much of its content was deemed unconstitutional in the Civil Rights cases of 1883.
Answer: B
Q3) Farmers' Alliance
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 3: Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To help corporations, the courts ingeniously interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment, which was designed to protect the rights of ex-slaves, so as to
A) help freedmen to work in factories.
B) incorporate big businesses.
C) allow the captains of industry to avoid paying taxes.
D) avoid corporate regulation by the states.
E) protect the civil rights of business people.
Answer: D
Q2) Among the countries that provided the largest amounts of foreign capital investment in American industry were
A) Sweden, Denmark, and Norway.
B) Italy, Spain, and Greece.
C) Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.
D) Britain, France, and the Netherlands.
E) Canada and Mexico.
Answer: D
Q3) consumer goods
Answer: Answers will vary.
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5
Chapter 4: America Moves to the City, 1865-1900
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reflecting women's increasing independence in the late 1890s, author and feminist
Charlotte Perkins Gilman supported all of the following except
A) women abandoning their dependent status.
B) women seeking power via their roles as wives and mothers.
C) notions that biology made women fundamentally different from men.
D) centralized nurseries and cooperative kitchens.
E) women becoming productive members of the economy as workers.
Q2) After the Civil War, life expectancy at birth
A) decreased.
B) changed very little.
C) was much higher in Europe than in the United States.
D) measurably increased because of public health campaigns that promoted sound hygiene and health practices.
E) rose for women more than men.
Q3) liberal Protestantism
Q4) Christian Science
Q5) Anthony Comstock
Q6) Morrill Act
Q7) social gospel
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Chapter 5: The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution, 1865-1896
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A Century of Dishonor (1881), which chronicled the dismal history of Indian-white relations, was authored by
A) Harriet Beecher Stowe.
B) Helen Hunt Jackson.
C) Chief Joseph.
D) Joseph F. Glidden.
E) Chief Black Elk of the Ogala Sioux.
Q2) Mary Elizabeth Lease
Q3) Explain the relative decline in the importance of agriculture in the American economy in the late nineteenth century. In what ways was the farmers' protest based primarily on their economic woes, and to what extent was it a protest against the loss of an older American way of life based on agriculture and small towns?
Q4) All of the following characteristics describe William Jennings Bryan in 1896 except he A) disliked the concept of class conflict. B) was very youthful.
C) was an energetic and charismatic campaigner.
D) was an excellent orator.
E) radiated honesty and sincerity.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Empire and Expansion, 1890-1909
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A group of historians known as the New Left revisionists argued that the United States' burst of overseas expansion of the 1890s
A) was motivated by naive democratic idealism.
B) was necessary to maintain an international balance of power.
C) was designed to create an informal empire that would guarantee American economic dominance of foreign markets and investments.
D) sought to build a colonial political empire.
E) was motivated by racist "civilizing" to conquer and Christianize "primitive" blacks, Indians, and Latin American Spanish populations.
Q2) The United States asserted that it had a virtual right of continuing intervention in Cuba in the
A) insular cases.
B) Platt Amendment.
C) Teller Amendment.
D) Foraker Act.
E) Guantanamo Bay Treaty.
Q3) Valeriano Weyler
Q4) "big stick"
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Chapter 7: Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Newlands Act
Q2) Activists, scholars and politicians mused about why socialism did not take hold in America, giving all of the following as reasons except
A) American workers' refusal to see themselves as a separate class.
B) the western frontier provided a safety valve that allowed workers to leave oppressive employers.
C) law and government policy prevented workers from organizing and advocating for higher wages and better working conditions.
D) workers' remarkably high standard of living.
E) workers had full political economy long before the forces of industrialization developed.
Q3) Triangle Shirtwaist fire
Q4) It has been said of Theodore Roosevelt that "he stood close to the center and bared his teeth at the conservatives of the right and the liberals of the extreme left." Do you think this is an accurate judgment of Roosevelt's politics? Why or why not? To illustrate your argument, cite specific actions taken by Roosevelt.
Q5) Lillian Wald
Q6) Richard Ballinger
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Wilsonian Progressivism in Peace and War,
1913-1920
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Assess America's policy of neutrality at the outset of World War I. Consider both Wilson's policies in regard to Britain and Germany and the sentiments of the American public. Were we "neutral in thought as well as deed"? Explain.
Q2) Examples of forceful federal government action to organize the nation for war were
A) the conscription of certain essential wartime workers.
B) rationing of certain foodstuffs for the manufacture of alcoholic beverages.
C) the federal government takeover of the railroads.
D) the federal government's imposition of nationwide daylight savings time.
E) the issuance of production quotas and the allocation of raw materials by the War Industries Board.
Q3) Federal Farm Loan Act
Q4) Which of these is NOT a true statement about the sinking of the Lusitania?
A) 128 Americans onboard lost their lives.
B) Germany expressed profound regret.
C) Afterwards, Germany issued a warning to travelers about the perils of traveling in war zone waters.
D) Germany immediately pledged not to sink unarmed passenger ships anymore.
E) The incident helped feed a growing anti-Germany sentiment in the U.S.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: American Life in the Roaring Twenties
1920 1929
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although speakeasies and hard liquor flourished, historians argue that prohibition wasn't entirely a failure for all of the following reasons except A) bank savings increased.
B) absenteeism in the workplace decreased.
C) people consumed less alcohol overall.
D) crime levels decreased.
E) more people lived a sober lifestyle.
Q2) D.W. Griffith
Q3) Jazz music was developed by
A) Latinos.
B) Caribbean immigrants.
C) Caucasian impresarios.
D) American teenagers.
E) American blacks.
Q4) Jack Dempsey
Q5) Andrew Mellon
Q6) George H. ("Babe") Ruth
Q7) Horace Kallen
Q8) Charles Lindbergh
Page 11
Q9) Amos 'n' Andy
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Page 12
Chapter 10: The Politics of Boom and Bust 1920 1932
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Reconstruction Finance Corporation, established by Hoover to deal with the depression, was charged with
A) providing direct economic assistance to labor.
B) making loans to businesses, banks, and state and local governments.
C) outlawing yellow dog (antiunion) contracts.
D) providing money for construction of dams on the Tennessee River.
E) lending money for federal public works projects.
Q2) In what ways did Herbert Hoover, in his actions as Secretary of Commerce and as president, combine the values and beliefs of an older, traditional nineteenth-century America with the experience and the outlook of the modern corporate economy? Why was President Hoover's decision to maintain many of his traditional nineteenth-century American values prove to be problematic when the cataclysmic depression had become a national calamity by 1930? How was Hoover's business experience and acumen helpful and/or limiting in his efforts as president to battle the Great Depression?
Q3) Herbert Hoover
Q4) "Hoovercrats"
Q5) American Legion
Q6) Harry M. Daugherty
Q7) Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Page 13
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Chapter 11: The Great Depression and the New Deal
1933 1939
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) List the major factors that brought a close to the New Deal in the late 1930s. Separate the list into those that President Roosevelt had some control over and those that he did not. Explain how the combination of these factors ended the New Deal.
Q2) What was the greatest threat to the stability of American society in the 1930s? Was there ever any serious threat that the United States could have turned away from democracy as many other nations did during the Depression?
Q3) One striking new feature of the 1932 presidential election results was that
A) the South had shifted to the Republican party.
B) Democrats made political gains in the normally rock-ribbed Republican western states like Kansas.
C) despite the calamity of the Great Depression, the popular and the electoral vote for president was surprisingly close.
D) a clear gender gap opened up in which more women favored the Democrats.
E) African Americans shifted from their Republican allegiance and became a vital element in the Democratic party.
Q4) Works Progress Administration
Q5) parity
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Chapter 12: Franklin D Roosevelt and the Shadow of War
1933 1941
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Joseph Stalin
Q2) Pearl Harbor
Q3) The text states that the ultimate cause of America's entry into World War II was the fact that it pursued policies in both Europe and Asia that invited retaliation. Do you agree with the authors' assessment of why America ultimately entered World War II? If not, why not? If so, what were those policies, and why were Americans willing to risk war to uphold them?
Q4) the Holocaust
Q5) From 1925 to 1940, the transition of American policy on arms sales to warring nations followed this sequence
A) embargo to lend-lease to cash-and-carry.
B) cash-and-carry to lend-lease to embargo.
C) lend-lease to cash-and-carry to embargo.
D) embargo to cash-and-carry to lend-lease.
E) lend-lease to embargo to cash-and-carry.
Q6) Johnson Debt Default Act
Page 15
Q7) Most Americans believed in 1940-1941 that war, if it came, would come in the Atlantic with Hitler's Germany. Instead, it came in the Pacific with Japan. Why were Americans so surprised by the Japanese attack?
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Chapter 13: America in World War II 1941 1945
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Should the Allied victory in World War II be seen as proof of the strength of democracy? Support your answer with specific evidence regarding the course and conduct of the war.
Q2) Summarize the grand strategy of the Big Three allies in World War II. What aspects of that strategy became controversial? Why?
Q3) Henry A. Wallace
Q4) Henry Stimson
Q5) Was the early strategic decision of Roosevelt and Churchill to "get Hitler first," while putting the Pacific war on the back burner a wise one? Why did the Americans and British believe that Germany presented the greater immediate threat to defeat the Allies?
Q6) How did World War II affect the role of the national government in American life, the relationship between government and the economy, and minority groups in America?
Q7) WACs (Women's Army Corps)
Q8) Joseph Stalin
Q9) Battle of Midway
Q10) Potsdam Conference
Q11) Winston Churchill
Page 16
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Chapter 14: The Cold War Begins 1945-1952
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast America's anticommunist containment policy in Europe and in East Asia. Why was the policy more successful in Europe than in Asia?
Q2) Fair Deal
Q3) The post-World War II prosperity in the United States was most beneficial to A) African Americans.
B) labor unions.
C) women.
D) nonunion workers.
E) farmers.
Q4) Richard M. Nixon
Q5) Population distribution after World War II followed a pattern of A) movement into the Northeast and out of the South. B) mass migration of blacks from the West to the Midwest.
C) movement from the Southwest to Appalachia.
D) movement out of the cities and into small towns.
E) an urban-suburban segregation of blacks and whites in major metropolitan areas.
Q6) How do you assess Harry S Truman as a political leader? What were his greatest successes in foreign and domestic policy? What were his greatest failures?
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Chapter 15: American Zenith 1952-1963
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Paul Robeson
Q2) American military forces entered Vietnam in order to A) try to drive the communists out of North Vietnam.
B) help to stage a coup against Ngo Dinh Diem.
C) prevent Ngo Dinh Diem's regime from falling to the communists.
D) establish defensive perimeters around Saigon and other Vietnamese cities.
E) promote democratic reforms in South Vietnam.
Q3) President Eisenhower's vehemently anticommunist secretary of state, through most of his two administrations, was
A) John Bricker.
B) John Foster Dulles.
C) Allen Dulles.
D) Dean Acheson.
E) George C. Marshall.
Q4) Jackson Pollock
Q5) Ralph Ellison
Q6) John Kenneth Galbraith
Q7) Dwight Eisenhower
Q8) U-2 incident
Q9) Fidel Castro
Page 18
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Page 19
Chapter 16: The Stormy Sixties 1963-1973
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lyndon B. Johnson
Q2) All of the following were created during Richard Nixon's presidency except
A) the Environmental Protection Agency.
B) Supplemental Security Income for the blind, disabled, and indigent aged.
C) the Endangered Species Act.
D) the Occupational Health and Safety Administration.
E) the Medicare program.
Q3) Cambodian incursion
Q4) Robert S. McNamara
Q5) Spiro T. Agnew
Q6) Martin Luther King, Jr.
Q7) What were essential goals of the Nixon-Kissinger policy of détente with the Soviet Union and China? Did the policy achieve its essential goals? If not, why did détente fail to achieve its essential goals? If so, what were the keys to détente achieving its critical goals?
Q8) Vietnamization
Q9) Kent State killings
Q10) Silent Spring
Q11) Palestine Liberation Organization Page 20
Q12) counterculture
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Page 21
Chapter 17: Challenges to the Postwar Order 1973-1980
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) New Right
Q2) Bakke case
Q3) Why was the feminist movement the most enduring and successful social movement of the 1970s?
Q4) During hearings in 1974, the House Judiciary Committee adopted impeachment articles charging President Nixon with
A) accepting bribes.
B) obstruction of the administration of justice.
C) abusing the powers of his office.
D) contempt of Congress.
E) breaking and entering.
Q5) As part of the backlash against the women's movement, antifeminists blamed feminists for
A) rising rates of juvenile delinquency.
B) escalating divorce rates.
C) increased teen pregnancy.
D) rising incidences of violence against women.
E) changing sexual norms.
Q6) United States v. Wheeler
Q7) stagflation
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Chapter 18: The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980-1992
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anita Hill
Q2) ____ Kuwait
Q3) What were Ronald Reagan's goals as he entered the presidency in 1981? How successful was he in implementing them? In what ways did he fail to achieve his goals? Why?
Q4) The New Right movement that helped to elect Ronald Reagan was spearheaded by
A) fiscal conservatives.
B) evangelical Christians.
C) gold-standard advocates.
D) midwesterners.
E) neoconservatives.
Q5) yuppies
Q6) Mikhail Gorbachev
Q7) Jimmy Carter
Q8) What gains has the African American community attained since the 1960s? What are the greatest challenges still facing African Americans and U.S. society regarding race?
Q9) Saddam Hussein
Q10) "ABC" movement
Q11) ____ Jordan Page 23
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Page 24
Chapter 19: America Confronts the Post-Cold War Era,
1992-2000
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) gender gap
Q2) Robert Dole
Q3) A widespread public attitude of the early 1990s that affected many areas of politics and society was
A) disillusionment and distrust of the federal government.
B) fear of attack from Islamic fundamentalism.
C) confidence in the purpose and direction of American foreign policy.
D) a greater faith in the federal government than in local and state government.
E) a strong confidence about the ability of federal, state, and local governments to solve domestic problems.
Q4) In 1999, President Clinton authorized U.S.-led NATO forces to launch a bombing campaign against the nation of
A) Somalia.
B) Serbia.
C) Kosovo.
D) Albania.
E) Bosnia.
Q5) Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Q6) New Democrat
Q7) George H. W. Bush
Page 25
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was truly "new" about the Obama administration's "New Directions in Foreign Policy"? What foreign policies of the Obama administration constituted a continuation or merely a modification of the Bush administration's foreign policies?
Q2) What were the essential components of George W. Bush's conservative domestic policies? How were they related to the Bush administration's foreign policy?
Q3) Nancy Pelosi
Q4) Why did the issue of comprehensive immigration reform prove to be such a vexing and contentious political issue during the Obama administration? Discuss the attempts to forge a political compromise on comprehensive immigration reform and explain why they failed to materialize.
Q5) One historian has concluded that since 1960 the United States has entered a new "age of no confidence." Carefully consider major developments in the last twenty-five years, and explain why you think that this is or is not an appropriate label for the period.
Q6) No Child Left Behind Act
Q7) Donald Rumsfeld
Q8) traditional media
Q9) "asymmetrical warfare"
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