History of the United States from 1865 Practice Exam
Course Introduction
This course examines the major political, social, economic, and cultural developments in the United States from the end of the Civil War in 1865 to the present. Topics include Reconstruction, industrialization, immigration, urbanization, the Progressive Era, America's emergence as a global power, the World Wars, the Great Depression, the Civil Rights Movement, the Cold War, and contemporary issues. Through analysis of primary and secondary sources, students explore the diverse experiences and challenges that have shaped modern America, with attention to the evolving roles of race, class, gender, and region in American society.
Recommended Textbook
American Pageant Volume 2 16th Edition by David
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20 Chapters
2630 Verified Questions
2630 Flashcards
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Page 2
M. Kennedy
Chapter 1: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The official charge that the House of Representatives used to impeach President Johnson was his
A) veto of the Reconstruction Act of 1867.
B) readmission of Southern states without seriously reconstructing them.
C) dismissal of Secretary of War Stanton contrary to the Tenure of Office Act.
D) apparent sympathy with the Ku Klux Klan.
E) veto of the Freedmen's Bureau bill.
Answer: C
Q2) Even though the Force Acts and the Union Army helped suppress the Ku Klux Klan, the secret organization largely achieved its central goal of
A) driving the Union Army out of the South.
B) preventing blacks from migrating to the West or North.
C) keeping white carpetbaggers from voting.
D) intimidating blacks and undermining them politically.
E) destroying the Freedmen's Bureau.
Answer: D
Q3) Hiram Revels
Answer: Answers will vary.
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3
Chapter 2: Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age, 1869-1896
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147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Liberal Republican revolt from the regular Republican party in 1872 was motivated primarily by
A) dismay at the Republicans' weakness in upholding radical Reconstruction in the South.
B) a desire to see President Grant reelected among these Liberal Republicans and a fear that the regular Republican Party would not renominate Grant for president because of his policies.
C) disgust at the corruption and scandals of the Grant administration.
D) a fervent passion for reforms on behalf of women and blacks.
E) a desire to strengthen the federal government's regulation of big business.
Answer: C
Q2) In the late nineteenth century, the Republican party was associated with the cultural values of
A) religions derived from the Puritan tradition.
B) a highly permissive personal morality
C) toleration of moral and cultural differences in an imperfect world.
D) government involvement in moral and economic affairs.
E) belief in a common set of American moral values.
Answer: A, D, E
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Knights of Labor believed that republican traditions and institutions could be preserved from corrupt monopolies
A) when American workers achieved a greater degree of class consciousness.
B) by strengthening the economic and political independence of the workers.
C) through the destruction of the American Federation of Labor.
D) by the development of strong craft unions.
E) by forming an independent political movement.
Answer: B
Q2) The image of the "Gibson Girl" represented a(n)
A) revival of the early American feminine ideal of republican motherhood.
B) portrayal of the modern corporate business woman.
C) exploitative image of the woman as a sex object.
D) romantic ideal of the independent and athletic new woman.
E) None of these choices are correct.
Answer: D
Q3) consumer goods
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q4) trust
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 4: America Moves to the City, 1865-1900
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many native-born Americans tended to blame New Immigrants for
A) the corruption of city government.
B) low industrial wages.
C) the degradation of life in American cities.
D) importing alien social and economic doctrines such as socialism and anarchism.
E) the rising cost of American manual labor.
Q2) The Morrill Act of 1862
A) established black colleges like Spelman.
B) established women's colleges like Smith.
C) established the modern American research university.
D) mandated racial integration in public schools.
E) granted public lands to states to support higher education.
Q3) James Gibbons
Q4) Joseph Pulitzer
Q5) Fear of newly arriving immigrants has been a constant in American history. With respect to the New Immigrants of the late nineteenth century, describe what the native-born Americans were concerned about. Do you think their fears were well founded? Why or why not?
Q6) pragmatism
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution, 1865-1896
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) fourth party system
Q2) reservation system
Q3) In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the volume of agricultural goods ____, and the price received for these goods ____.
A) increased; decreased B) decreased; increased C) increased; also increased D) decreased; also decreased E) increased; stayed the same.
Q4) A Century of Dishonor (1881), which chronicled the dismal history of Indian-white relations, was authored by
A) Harriet Beecher Stowe.
B) Helen Hunt Jackson.
C) Chief Joseph.
D) Joseph F. Glidden.
E) Chief Black Elk of the Ogala Sioux.
Q5) James B. Hickok
Q6) A Century of Dishonor
Q7) Long Drive
Q8) William F. Cody
Page 7
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Page 8
Chapter 6: Empire and Expansion, 1890-1909
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) President McKinley's policy of benevolent assimilation in the Philippines
A) failed to solve serious sanitation and public-health problems.
B) was quickly reversed by McKinley when it became apparent that the Filipinos deeply resented and actively resisted it.
C) was not welcomed by the Filipinos.
D) worked remarkably well and led to the early granting of the Philippine independence. E) recognized the value of traditional Filipino culture.
Q2) In the Root-Takahira agreement of 1908
A) the Japanese government agreed to limit the number of Japanese immigrant laborers entering the United States.
B) the United States and Japan agreed to respect each other's territorial holdings in the Pacific.
C) the United States agreed to accept a Japanese sphere of influence in China.
D) Japan agreed to accept U.S. control of the Philippines in exchange for Japanese domination of Manchuria.
E) None of these choices are correct.
Q3) "White Man's Burden"
Q4) Teller Amendment
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Page 9
Chapter 7: Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ray Stannard Baker
Q2) The results of the 1912 election
A) represented a complete repudiation of the political and economic principles of progressivism.
B) gave Woodrow Wilson a resounding electoral victory in the presidential contest, but a narrower popular vote victory for Wilson, especially in states outside the old Confederacy.
C) left both houses of Congress in the hands of the Republicans.
D) markedthe end of the political career of William Howard Taft in Washington, D.C.
E) included a negligible and disappointing popular vote total for the Socialist presidential candidate Eugene Debs.
Q3) Lochner v. New York
Q4) "separate spheres"
Q5) Payne-Aldrich Tariff Bill
Q6) Gifford Pinchot
Q7) "rule of reason"
Q8) muckrakers
Q9) William Howard Taft
Page 10
Q10) preservationism
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Page 11
Chapter 8: Wilsonian Progressivism in Peace and War,
1913-1920
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Underwood Tariff Bill
Q2) Most wartime mobilization agencies relied on _____ to prepare the economy for the war.
A) congressional legislation
B) voluntary compliance
C) presidential edict
D) court decisions
E) business trade organizations
Q3) Based on the run-up to World War I, the wartime experience of America as a political and military ally of Great Britain and France, and the immediate postwar political conflict and disillusionment America experienced in trying to determine and establish its proper place in world affairs, why is it fair to say that the issue of Wilsonianism has dominated discussions and debates of American foreign policy from the World War I era to the present? How does the debate among American historians about Woodrow Wilson in "Varying Viewpoints: Woodrow Wilson: Realist or Idealist?" help you form your answer about the fundamental place of Wilsonianism in the debates over American foreign policy from 1914 to the present?
Q4) Workingmen's Compensation Act
Q5) Sarajevo
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Chapter 9: American Life in the Roaring Twenties
1920 1929
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Equal Rights Amendment
Q2) Bolshevik revolution
Q3) The 1920s was a time of heroes. Why? Why were Charles Lindbergh, Babe Ruth, and Henry Ford all so greatly admired in this decade? What were the similarities and differences in their appeal?
Q4) Winesburg, Ohio
Q5) The zeal of federal agents in enforcing prohibition laws against liquor smugglers strained U.S. diplomatic relations with
A) Canada.
B) Mexico.
C) the Dominican Republic.
D) Spain.
E) Ireland.
Q6) cultural pluralism
Q7) The Sun Also Rises
Q8) Eugene O'Neill
Q9) Andrew Mellon
Q10) Volstead Act Page 13
Q11) John T. Scopes
Q12) Harlem Renaissance
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Page 14
Chapter 10: The Politics of Boom and Bust 1920 1932
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) President Herbert Hoover believed that the Great Depression could be ended by doing all of the following except
A) providing direct aid to the people.
B) directly assisting businesses and banks.
C) keeping faith in the efficiency of the industrial system.
D) continuing to rely on the American tradition of rugged individualism.
E) lending federal funds to feed farm livestock.
Q2) Veterans' organizations like the American Legion successfully lobbied Congress to give them
A) higher pay for service in military reserve or national guard units.
B) special payments for those suffering the effects of shell shock or poison gas.
C) financial support for college education or job training.
D) guaranteed medical care in modern, efficient veterans' hospitals.
E) a bonus insurance policy to compensate them for lost wages during their military service.
Q3) Stimson doctrine
Q4) Nine-Power Treaty
Q5) Harry M. Daugherty
Q6) Douglas MacArthur
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Chapter 11: The Great Depression and the New Deal
1933 1939
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Roosevelt supported the repeal of prohibition because
A) he thought it was unconstitutional.
B) he believed the problem of drunkenness could be solved by restricting alcohol content to 3.2 percent by weight.
C) he thought that it afforded the opportunity to raise needed federal revenue and provide jobs.
D) he needed support from the repeal movement to gain reelection.
E) drys: those who opposed alcohol: were an increasingly small segment of the population.
Q2) Is it accurate to say that Franklin Roosevelt should actually be regarded as a savior of the capitalist system and a hero to American business? Why or why not?
Q3) Social Security Act
Q4) New Deal
Q5) The Social Security Act of 1935 provided all of the following except A) unemployment insurance.
B) old-age pensions.
C) economic provisions for the blind and disabled.
D) support for the blind and physically handicapped.
E) health care for the poor.
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Chapter 12: Franklin D Roosevelt and the Shadow of War
1933 1941
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After the Greer was fired upon, the Kearny crippled, and the Reuben James sunk in the fall of 1941
A) Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act.
B) the U.S. Navy stopped escorting merchant vessels carrying lend-lease shipments.
C) Congress prohibited the arming of U.S. merchant vessels.
D) Congress forbade United States ships to enter combat zones.
E) Congress voted to weaken substantially the terms of the Neutrality Act of 1939 to permit armed merchant ship to deliver munitions to Britain.
Q2) Benito Mussolini
Q3) President Franklin Roosevelt embarked on the Good Neighbor policy in part because
A) he perceived this new policy as a logical extension of his cousin Theodore Roosevelt's Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.
B) Congress had repealed the Monroe Doctrine.
C) he feared the spread of communism in the region.
D) the policy was part of the neutrality stance taken by the United States.
E) he was eager to enlist Latin American allies to defend the Western Hemisphere against dictators.
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Page 17
Chapter 13: America in World War II 1941 1945
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) SPARs (U.S. Coast Guard Women's Reserve)
Q2) The greatest consequence of World War II for American race relations was
A) the tensions in wartime factories between blacks and whites.
B) the wartime integration of the armed forces.
C) African Americans' experience of more positive European racial attitudes.
D) the massive migration of African Americans from the rural South to northern and western cities.
E) the Atlantic Charter declaring that the war was being fought for democracy and freedom.
Q3) Until spring 1943, perhaps Hitler's greatest opportunities of defeating Britain and winning the war was
A) the possibility of a successful invasion across the English Channel.
B) that German U-boat would destroy Allied shipping.
C) the German V-2 rockets fired into Britain that would cause their terrified civilian population to demand Prime Minister Churchill to surrender to Nazi Germany.
D) that General Rommel would conquer Egypt and the Suez Canal.
E) that the American-British-Soviet alliance would collapse.
Q4) Erwin Rommel
Q5) Manhattan Project
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Chapter 14: The Cold War Begins 1945-1952
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was not among the early successes of the United Nations?
A) Stopping the spread of atomic weapons
B) Preventing warfare over Kashmir and Iran
C) Creating the new state of Israel
D) Guiding former European colonies to independence
E) Enhancing global health, food production, and cultural development
Q2) Do you think that the Nazi and Japanese leaders should have been tried for war crimes even though their crimes were not clearly defined as such before the war began? Why or why not?
Q3) Marshall Plan
Q4) The crucial origins of the Cold War lay in a fundamental disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union over postwar arrangements in
A) North Africa.
B) East Asia.
C) the Middle East.
D) the Third World.
E) Eastern Europe.
Q5) ____ Hungary
Q6) thirty-eighth parallel
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Chapter 15: American Zenith 1952-1963
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did television affect American religion, sports, and politics in the 1950s? Were the changes wrought by television to American religion, sports, and religion in the 1950s healthy or unhealthy ones for our values, our democracy, and our popular culture?
Q2) David Riesman
Q3) Swedish writer Gunnar Myrdal's An American Dilemma essentially argued that A) altering racial segregation would create great problems for America's neighborhoods and schools.
B) the divisions over race might well lead to a new North-South conflict.
C) the civil rights movement was bound to overturn segregation.
D) the United States would become a more and more racist society.
E) America's racial segregation was a hypocritical contradiction of its democratic ideals.
Q4) "massive retaliation"
Q5) Ho Chi Minh
Q6) Was Kennedy's confrontation with Khrushchev in the Cuban missile crisis a brilliant demonstration of firmness without aggressiveness or a dangerous strategy that could easily have resulted in nuclear war?
Q7) James Baldwin
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Chapter 16: The Stormy Sixties 1963-1973
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) counterculture
Q2) War on Poverty
Q3) The Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, outraged religious conservatives in 1962-1963 when it
A) declared a woman's right to an abortion.
B) ruled that prayer and Bible reading in public schools violated the First Amendment.
C) prohibited the display of religious symbols in government buildings.
D) ruled that parochial schools and parochial students could not receive government funding or any assistance.
E) declared that the practice of having congressional chaplains was unconstitutional.
Q4) George Wallace
Q5) Which of Lyndon Johnson's Big Four Great Society legislative achievements had the most long-term impact on American society: federal aid to education, Medicare and Medicaid, immigration reform, or the Voting Rights Act of 1965? Defend your answer.
Q6) Nixon Doctrine
Q7) Martin Luther King, Jr.
Q8) Janis Joplin
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Chapter 17: Challenges to the Postwar Order 1973-1980
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Constitution says that the president "shall be removed from office for, and on conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors." Do you think that the accusations against President Nixon were impeachable crimes? Why or why not?
Q2) Do you think that President Carter overreacted to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan? Why or why not? In what way did that event mark a critical turning point in American foreign policy?
Q3) The most explosive domestic controversy of the 1970s centered around issues of A) race.
B) labor.
C) the environment.
D) sexuality.
E) immigration.
Q4) executive privilege
Q5) Spiro Agnew
Q6) Twenty-Fifth amendment
Q7) Jimmy Carter
Q8) Title IX
Q9) Wounded Knee
Q10) Camp David agreement
Page 22
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Page 23
Chapter 18: The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980-1992
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Webster v. Reproductive Health Services
Q2) One of the greatest consequences of Reagan's expansion of the federal debt was to A) make it harder to get private loans.
B) make foreigners reluctant to accept American bonds.
C) make new social spending practically and politically impossible.
D) undermine the value of the dollar overseas.
E) make further military spending impossible.
Q3) The United States joined its allies in the Persian Gulf War in order to A) regain control of the Middle East oil supply.
B) roll back Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.
C) demonstrate that the U.S. military could conduct a major ground war thousands of miles from its home bases.
D) support Israel against the growing threat from the Arab states.
E) guarantee a permanent U.S. naval presence in the Middle East.
Q4) Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force (INF)
Q5) Why did conservatism gain such strength in the 1980s and 1990s? Where did modern American conservatism come from?
Q6) Roe v. Wade
Q7) Iran-Contra Affair
Page 24
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Chapter 19: America Confronts the Post-Cold War Era,
1992-2000
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cinco de Mayo
Q2) postmodernism
Q3) Why have so many attainments in American culture in recent decades come from minorities and immigrants? Is it fair to speak of "minority literature" or "minority art," or is such work simply excellent American art that constitutes part of the American tradition?
Q4) By the 2000s, the traditional nuclear family unit was undergoing severe strain because
A) the divorce rate had increased.
B) the number of single-parent households had risen.
C) parent-substitutes had assumed the role of child-rearing.
D) the family no longer served many of its traditional social functions.
E) All of these
Q5) Contract with America
Q6) Richard Cheney
Q7) information age
Q8) Joseph Lieberman
Q9) Whitewater
Q10) William Clinton Page 25
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Page 26
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What were the causes of the Great Recession that took hold in the fall of 2008? Evaluate the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the measures Congress and the Obama administration took to address the recession and the underlying weaknesses in the American economy, banking, and Wall Street.
Q2) George W. Bush defeated John Kerry in the election of 2004 especially by claiming that
A) he enjoyed strong support in the international community, which would not back Kerry.
B) he had a more effective plan for strengthening the economy and promoting foreign trade.
C) he was a strong leader in the war on terrorism and it would be inadvisable to change presidents in the middle of the war in Iraq.
D) Kerry was wrong in his promotion of campaign finance reform.
E) he would do more for welfare and social reform, while Kerry would hold back progress.
Q3) Compare the greatest challenges that American democracy faced in 1808, 1908, and 2008. Which challenges are essentially the same, and which are radically new?
Q4) Sunni Muslims
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