History of Colonial America
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive exploration of the history of Colonial America, focusing on the period from the early 16th century through the mid-18th century. Students will examine the diverse societies that emerged from European colonization, interactions between indigenous peoples and settlers, the development of colonial economies, religious and cultural dynamics, and the evolving political landscape. Topics include the rise of plantation economies, the impacts of slavery and indentured servitude, regional differences among the colonies, and the causes and consequences of colonial conflict and cooperation. By analyzing primary and secondary sources, students will gain a nuanced understanding of the complex forces that shaped Colonial America and laid the groundwork for the formation of the United States.
Recommended Textbook
The Unfinished Nation A Concise History of the American People Volume I To 1877 5th Edition by
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Meeting of Cultures
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Q1) Which statement best describes the role of women in pre-Columbian North American tribes?
A)In some tribes, men took care of the children as the women tended the fields.
B)In all tribes women cared for the children and prepared meals.
C)In no tribes did women participate in the social and economic organization of the tribe.
D)In all tribes women and men engaged in hunting.
E)In all tribes women were responsible for farming.
Answer: B
Q2) Owing to their commitment to Catholicism, male Spanish immigrants had very little sexual contact with Indian women.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Large land grants to favored Spaniards were called ____________. Answer: encomiendas
Q4) The most radical Puritans were called _______________.
Answer: Separatists
Q5) England's first experience with colonization came in _________________.
Answer: Ireland
3
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Chapter 2: Transplantations and Borderland
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Q1) In 1620, the Puritan Pilgrims who came to North America
A)intended to settle at Cape Cod.
B)came over the objections of the Virginia colony.
C)were seeking to escape military service in England.
D)were Christian missionaries.
E)enjoyed a particularly mild winter their first year.
Answer: D
Q2) The Navigation Acts were designed primarily to control migration into the Americas.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The first English colony to establish the principle of religious toleration was _________________.
Answer: Maryland
Q4) Residents of Massachusetts generally had greater freedom of worship than the Puritans had had in England.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Society and Culture in Provincial America
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Q1) In Puritan New England, participation in town meetings was limited to A)all land-owning adults.
B)"selectmen."
C)adult males who were church members.
D)all church members.
E)land-owning males.
Answer: C
Q2) In the outbreaks of witchcraft hysteria that marked New England colonial life, those accused were most commonly
A)not members of the church.
B)criminals.
C)indentured servants.
D)women of low social position.
E)Indians or slaves.
Answer: D
Q3) Most indentured servants came to the colonies voluntarily.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: The Empire in Transition
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Q1) The Bostonian who took the lead in fomenting public outrage against the Boston Massacre was _____________________.
Q2) According to the terms of the Peace of Paris of 1763,
A)France surrendered New Orleans to the British.
B)England acquired all French naval vessels docked in North American ports.
C)France ceded all of its claims to land west of the Mississippi River to Spain.
D)France agreed to pay England for the cost of the war.
E)France ceded its Caribbean colonies to England.
Q3) Who among the following took the lead in protesting against the Stamp Act?
A)Patrick Henry
B)Ben Franklin
C)Samuel Adams
D)Thomas Jefferson
E)George Mason
Q4) The Stamp Act of 1765
A)was consistent with traditional parliamentary efforts to regulate commerce.
B)placed a heavy financial burden on American colonists.
C)helped to unite the colonies in opposition to the English government.
D)required the consent of the colonial assemblies before going into effect.
E)really affected only a few New England merchants.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The American Revolution
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Q1) For the first time, the new federal government recognized the sovereignty of Indian nations in the Treaty of _________________.
Q2) In the mid-1780s, southern states decided to go along with surrendering control of the Mississippi River in exchange for trade concessions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) During the Revolutionary War, John Adams was asked by _______________ to "remember the ladies."
Q4) In the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution, the British
A)mounted its largest military assault against the Continental Army.
B)badly overestimated the support of American Loyalists.
C)made a focused effort to win public support in the northern colonies.
D)concentrated its efforts on capturing individual Patriots.
E)began a policy of "total war" that resulted in several cities being burned to the ground.
Q5) The United States never negotiated a formal alliance with France during the Revolutionary War.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 6: The Constitution and the New Republic
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Q1) The Judiciary Act of 1801 was passed by a lame duck Federalist Congress.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan were quite different, but each saw fit to give each state equal representation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What was the long-term significance of the elections in 1800?
Q4) In reference to Indians living in the United States, the Constitution
A)made no mention of Indian nations.
B)stated Indian tribes were entitled to direct representation in the federal government.
C)required the federal government to respect treaties negotiated under the Confederation.
D)declared Congress had no legal right to regulate commerce with Indian tribes.
E)had defined a precise legal standing for Indians and Indian nations.
Q5) Jefferson referred to his election as the "__________________ of 1800."
Q6) Characterize the "competing visions" the Federalists and the Republicans had for the country during the 1790s.Which side do you believe had the better vision and why?
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Chapter 7: The Jeffersonian ERA
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Q1) Religious skepticism resulted in
A)the philosophy of "Unitarianism."
B)a wave of revivalism.
C)both the philosophy of "Unitarianism" and a wave of revivalism.
D)the disestablishment of the Anglican Church.
E)no discernable effect on American religious life.
Q2) The first modern factory in America was located in _________________.
Q3) The message of the Second Great Awakening
A)called for an active and fervent piety.
B)restored the traditional belief in predestination.
C)incorporated the belief of skeptical rationalism.
D)found its greatest number of converts among young men.
E)was rejected by most women as being retrograde and reactionary.
Q4) Tecumseh
A)believed the only effective means to resist white settlers was Indian tribal unity.
B)encouraged Indian assimilation into the United States to save their lives.
C)had a brother known as "the Shooting Star."
D)fought against William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe.
E)experienced a mystical awakening in the process of recovering from alcoholism.
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Chapter 8: Varieties of American Nationalism
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Q1) What was the "turnpike era" and what were its strengths and weaknesses in transportation?
Q2) Between 1800 and 1820, the population of the United States
A)nearly doubled.
B)reached five million.
C)saw its largest increases in southern states.
D)generally ignored the rocky soil of the Old Northwest.
E)All the answers are correct.
Q3) The Supreme Court ruling in Dartmouth College v.Woodward (1819) was a victory for A)corporate contracts.
B)the Republican Party.
C)state government.
D)public education.
E)state courts.
Q4) Prior to running for the presidency in 1824, Andrew Jackson was a military man who had never held elective office.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the "era of good feelings" and explain what happened to it.
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Chapter 9: Jacksonian America
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Q1) The results of the election of 1832 could be interpreted as a defeat for both Henry Clay and Nicholas Biddle.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Whig Party was the first national political party.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In 1840, William Henry Harrison
A)was, at the time, the youngest man to win the presidency.
B)was a simple frontiersman with little money or resources to his name.
C)died before he took office.
D)was a Republican.
E)was part of a wealthy, large land-owning, frontier elite.
Q4) John Tyler saw every cabinet member but one resign together from his administration.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Panic of 1837 began the worst American depression to that point.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Americas Economic Revolution
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Q1) Between 1840 and 1860, the South experienced a decline in its percentage of urban residents.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Prior to 1860, the most significant invention for middle-class American homes was the
A)cast-iron stove.
B)air conditioner.
C)icebox.
D)electric iron.
E)telegraph.
Q3) Prior to 1860, the social institution which most bound together rural Americans was the
A)church.
B)tavern.
C)town hall.
D)grocery store.
E)schoolhouse.
Q4) The process for vulcanizing rubber was discovered by __________________.
Q5) How had the status and role of American women changed between 1800 and 1860?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Cotton, Slavery, and the Old South
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Q1) _______________ led the only actual slave revolt in the United States in the nineteenth century.
Q2) The Southern planter class was quite similar to the landed aristocracies of Europe.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The New Orleans magazine publisher, James B.D.De Bow, championed
A)Southern economic independence from the North.
B)Southern commercial and agricultural growth.
C)closer economic ties with the North.
D)Southern economic independence from the North and Southern commercial and agricultural growth.
E)closer economic ties with the North and Southern commercial and agricultural growth.
Q4) Between 1840 and 1860, the American Southern slave population
A)could not meet the labor needs.
B)changed little.
C)dramatically shifted into the Southwest.
D)declined in overall numbers.
E)became concentrated in the upper South.
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Chapter 12: Antebellum Culture and Reform
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Q1) Edgar Allan Poe's writings focused on the bleak nature of the human spirit and emotion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How do the ideas of nineteenth-century transcendentalism link to twentieth-century ecology?
Q3) The Seneca Falls "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions" included a demand that women have the right to vote.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The transcendentalist movement
A)anticipated the environmental protection movement of the twentieth century.
B)understood the interconnectedness of species.
C)made the first scientific studies on behalf of preserving the natural environment.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q5) In the first half of the nineteenth century, ________________ epidemics devastated many American cities.
Q6) The title of Frederick Douglass' autobiography is _______________________.
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Chapter 13: The Impending Crisis
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Q1) The admission of California into the United States was a divisive national issue because
A)Westerners in other territories believed they deserved statehood before California.
B)California's entry would upset the nation's numerical balance of free and slave states.
C)most Californians opposed entry into the United States.
D)California adopted a constitution that allowed slavery.
E)lawmakers believed California gold would upset the currency and cause inflation.
Q2) As a result of his 1858 debates with Stephen Douglas, Abraham Lincoln
A)gained many new supporters outside of Illinois.
B)won election to the United States Senate.
C)came to be regarded by Southerners as an antislavery fanatic.
D)was appointed to the leadership of the Republican Party
E)was appointed to an open House seat by the Republican governor of Illinois.
Q3) Free-soilers opposed slavery, but did not wish to antagonize the South.
A)True
B)False
Q4) John Brown was executed following his raid on ______________.
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Chapter 14: The Civil War
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Q1) Opinion about the war was more divided in the North than in the South.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In 1860, President James Buchanan asserted that
A)no state had the constitutional right to secede from the United States.
B)the federal government had no authority to stop a state from seceding from the Union.
C)South Carolina could not take Fort Sumter.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q3) Prior to becoming president of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis
A)had been vice-president of the United States.
B)had called for a gradual phase-out of slavery.
C)had begged South Carolina not to leave the Union.
D)had called for the imprisonment of abolitionists.
E)had been regarded as a moderate on secession
Q4) Richmond was captured by Union forces before Lee's surrender at Appomattox.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What problems did each side have as they mobilized to fight the Civil War?
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Chapter 15: Reconstruction and the New South
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Q1) The "New South creed" was expounded by whites, not blacks.
A)True
B)False
Q2) During Reconstruction, in regards to land ownership in the South,
A)the Freedman's Bureau distributed millions of acres of land to freedmen.
B)most plantations abandoned during the Civil War remained vacant.
C)ownership by both whites and blacks increased.
D)the federal government vigorously acted to confiscate land owned by former Confederates.
E)ownership by whites declined while ownership by blacks increased.
Q3) The Panic of 1873 began with the failure of a leading investment banking firm, ____________.
Q4) During Reconstruction, most "carpetbaggers" were
A)white Southerners who moved to the North.
B)freedmen who moved out of the South.
C)former confederates who moved to the West.
D)Northern white veterans who moved to the South.
E)Northern politicians who took offices in Southern states.
Q5) Assess the presidency of Ulysses S.Grant.
Q6) The last federal troops were withdrawn from the South by President _________.
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Chapter 16: The Conquest of the Far West
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Q1) Which of the following Indian tribes was NOT found on the Pacific coast of the Far West?
A)Chumash
B)Chinook
C)Pomo
D)Creek
E)Serrano
Q2) The western farmers' first and most burning grievance was directed against __________________.
Q3) In the 1870s, in the Far West the largest single Chinese community was located in A)Seattle.
B)Sacramento.
C)San Diego.
D)Los Angeles.
E)San Francisco.
Q4) The Sand Creek Massacre was a rare story of Indians killing whites.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A Paiute prophet named Wovoka was responsible for the "________________ ."
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Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy
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Q1) What were the factors which led many corporations to treat their workers so poorly?
Q2) Samuel Gompers was the leader of the A)American Federation of Labor.
B)Molly Maguires.
C)Knights of Labor.
D)Congress of Industrial Organization.
E)American Railway Union.
Q3) A central corporate body that would buy up the stock of various members of a trust and establish direct formal ownership of those corporations was called a ____________________.
Q4) In the late nineteenth century, the social writer Henry George argued in favor of
A)taxing only the richest Americans.
B)a single land tax to replace all other taxes.
C)government efforts to increase land values.
D)heavier taxes on the raw materials of industry.
E)abolishing all taxes.
Q5) The 1894 strike against the Pullman Company was led in part by _________________, the head of the American Railway Union.
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