History of Civilization II Exam Bank
Course Introduction
History of Civilization II examines the major political, economic, social, and cultural developments from the early modern era to the present day. The course traces the rise and transformation of civilizations across Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas, focusing on key events such as the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, imperialism, world wars, decolonization, and globalization. Students explore how interactions among societies have shaped the modern world, analyzing the impact of technological advancements, ideological movements, and social change on global history. Through primary and secondary sources, the course encourages critical thinking about the forces that have influenced contemporary civilizations.
Recommended Textbook
The Humanistic Tradition The Early Modern World to the Present 7th Edition Volume I by Gloria K.
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Chapter 1: Mesopotamia
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Q1) Which of the following geological features forms Mesopotamia?
A)the Nile and Euphrates rivers
B)the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
C)the Nile and Tigris rivers
D)the Indus and Tigris rivers
Answer: B
Q2) The Hebrew god is named
A)Gilgamesh.
B)Yahweh.
C)Torah.
D)Aten.
Answer: B
Q3) The introduction of iron-forging technology to Mesopotamia was by the A)Hittites.
B)Phoenicians.
C)Hebrews.
D)Egyptians.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Africa
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Q1) Early Egyptian tomb structures,usually single story,are A)ziggurats.
B)pyramids.
C)mastabas.
D)All of these are early Egyptian single-story tomb structures.
Answer: C
Q2) Successful elements of ancient Egyptian civilization included which of the following?
A)a uniform language
B)geographical isolation
C)a shared political and cultural life
D)All these answers are correct.
Answer: D
Q3) The figurative voyage from light to dark as one entered the Egyptian temple was represented by a room of A)hypostyles.
B)obelisks.
C)pylons.
D)None of these answers is correct.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: India,China,and the Americas
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Q1) Describe the unique features of early Hinduism. Answer: Hinduism is markedly different from the religions of the West.It identifies the sacred not as a superhuman personality,but as an objective,all-pervading Cosmic Spirit called Brahman.Pantheism,the belief that divinity is inherent in all things,is basic to the Hindu view that the universe itself is sacred.While neither polytheistic nor monotheistic in the traditional sense,Hinduism embraces all the Vedic gods,a multitude of deities who are to this day perceived as emanations of the divine.Hindu religious texts,such as the Upanishads,teach enlightenment through meditation. Unlike the nature deities of Mesopotamia and Egypt,Brahman is infinite,formless,and ultimately unknowable.While Mesopotamians and ancient Egyptians regarded human beings as separate from the gods,Hindus,guided by the Upanishads and the Bhagavad-Gita,asserted the oneness of matter and spirit.Unlike the Hebrew Yahweh,Brahman assumes no personal and contractual relationship with humankind.Brahman is the Uncaused Cause and the Ultimate Reality.
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Chapter 4: Greece
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Q1) Which of the following is the name given to the undeciphered Minoan writing that has survived?
A)linear B
B)linear A
C)hieroglyphics
D)sanskrit
Q2) Explain the conflict between the individual and the community in Sophocles' Antigone.
Q3) Greek city-states first emerged
A)on islands and peninsulas in the Aegean SeA.
B)along the coast of Asia Minor.
C)in southern Italy and Sicily.
D)All these answers are correct.
Q4) What were the principal contributions of the naturalistic and humanistic philosophers?
Q5) Which of the following defines the term "hubris"?
A)bad intent
B)excessive pride
C)humbleness
D)shame
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Chapter 5: The Classical Style
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Q1) In terms of sculpture,the work which sums up the Hellenistic aesthetic is A)the Altar of Zeus.
B)Apollo Belvedere.
C)Nike of Samothrace.
D)Laocoön and His Sons.
Q2) Which of the following is cited as the greatest of the Athenian lyric poets?
A)Lesbos
B)Aristotle
C)Antigone
D)Sappho
Q3) The person responsible for "Hellenizing" North Africa and Central Asia was A)Agamemnon.
B)Socrates.
C)Alexander the Great.
D)Darius the Great.
Q4) Explain the differences between Hellenic and Hellenistic culture.
Q5) What are the basic characteristics of the Classical style in Grecian painting,sculpture,and architecture?
Q6) Discuss the Parthenon as an example of High Classical culture in the ancient world.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Rome
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Q1) Which of the following does the text underscore as the beginning event of the decline of the Roman Republic?
A)the endowment of political power in the body of a Senate
B)the disappearance of the small farmer
C)the assassination of Julius Caesar
D)the power and discipline of the Roman army
Q2) Which of the following peoples did Rome fight for the 150 years of the Punic Wars?
A)the Latins
B)the Etruscans
C)the Romans
D)the Phoenicians
Q3) Which of the following was a likely cause of the fall of the Roman Empire?
A)the difficulties of governing such a huge empire
B)the decline of the slave trade
C)the increasing gap between the wealthy and the poor
D)All these answers are correct.
Q4) Discuss Rome's unique contributions to art and literature.
Q5) Explain the evolution of Rome from republic to empire.
Q6) Discuss art as a propaganda tool for the Roman government.Give examples.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: China
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Q1) What aspects of philosophy are the legacy of Confucius?
Q2) Which of the following best describes Han dynasty Chinese poetry?
A)crude
B)simplistic
C)frivolous
D)complicated
Q3) The round roofs of royal tombs in Classical China represented
A)the loyal subjects of the ruler.
B)the Wheel of Life.
C)the Earth.
D)Heaven.
Q4) Classic Han architecture primarily used which of the following materials?
A)granite
B)wood
C)fired sand bricks
D)concrete
Q5) Give some examples of China's unique contributions in technology,art,literature,and music.
Q6) Speculate why many technological innovations of the Chinese were never seen in the West,despite some trade.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: A Flowering of Faith
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Q1) Which of the following best explains a bodhisattva?
A)a god-like being that shows or divines something
B)one who has achieved enlightenment,but refrains from entering nirvana
C)a missionary of the emperor Asoka
D)a demonic creature
Q2) List the similarities and differences between early Christian and early Buddhist teachings.
Q3) In your own words,describe the message of Jesus Christ as recounted in the Bible.C.E.What we know of his message comes from the Gospels (literally "Good News"),which date from at least forty years after his death.
In keeping with his Jewish background,Jesus embraced the ethical monotheism of traditional Judaism,while putting a new emphasis on the virtues of pacifism and compassion.He warned that wealth and secular achievements mattered little in the larger cosmic sense,and that one should prepare for eternal life by doing good deeds to achieve the ultimate reward in "the kingdom of heaven." He held that love-for God and for other people-was the ultimate goal.
Q4) Explain the contributions of Paul to the rise of Christianity.
Q5) Discuss the background out of which Christianity emerged.
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Chapter 9: The Language of Faith
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Q1) In early Christianity,the number twelve was important symbolically,as it represented which of the following?
A)the day of Jesus' birth
B)the number of Jesus' wounds
C)the number of Jesus' disciples
D)the days of Christmas
Q2) The Buddha's hand position represented in any given statue of him is called which of the following?
A)anta
B)venal
C)stupa
D)mudras
Q3) Discuss the factors causing the schism between the early Eastern and Western churches.
Q4) Explain the Christian identity as revealed in art,architecture,and music.
Q5) Hagia Sophia was commissioned by which of the following men?
A)Hadrian
B)Justinian
C)Constantine
D)Julius
Page 11
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Chapter 10: The Islamic World
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Q1) Explain the effects of Islamic expansion on medieval world culture.
Q2) Muhammad's designated successor was which of the following?
A)Ali
B)Sunni
C)Abraham
D)Muhammad left no designated successor.
Q3) Which of the following is a content of the Kaaba?
A)the birthplace of Abraham
B)the sacred Black Stone
C)the Ten Commandments
D)No one knows what the contents are.
Q4) What event marks year one of the Islamic calendar?
A)the birth of Christ
B)the hijra to Medina
C)the fall of the Roman Empire
D)the creation of the earth
Q5) Discuss some of the faith-based obligations particular to the Islamic religion.
Q6) List the characteristics of Islamic art,architecture,music,and poetry.
Q7) Explain the contributions of Islam to global culture between ca.700 and 1400.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Patterns of Medieval Life
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Q1) The Normans brought feudalism to which of the following?
A)France
B)England
C)Germany
D)Africa
Q2) Chronicle the nature of Germanic tribal expansion and cultural expression.
Q3) During this era,the only toe-hold of European occupation claimed by the Islamic peoples was in which of the following countries?
A)Ireland
B)France
C)Italy
D)Spain
Q4) The Normans traced their direct ancestry to the A)Ostragoths.
B)Vikings.
C)Greeks.
D)Franks.
Q5) Chart the changing temper of the High Middle Ages,as reflected in the romance and the literature of courtly love.
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Chapter 12: Christianity and the Medieval Mind
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Q1) Explain the centrality and significance of the Church in medieval society.
Q2) Extreme unction is another name given to which of the following acts?
A)admittance to the Church
B)the union of man and wife
C)the joining of human being to God
D)final absolution before death
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of medieval drama?
A)miracle plays
B)mockery plays
C)mystery plays
D)morality plays
Q4) Discuss the various mendicant orders within the Catholic Church and how these organizations affected their world.
Q5) Which of the following philosophers' writings was safeguarded throughout the Middle Ages by Arab scholars and caused great intellectual challenges in the West once released?
A)Peter Abelard
B)Aristotle
C)Thomas Aquinas
D)Socrates
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Chapter 13: The Medieval Synthesis in the Arts
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Q1) Discuss the unique features of-and differences between-the Romanesque and Gothic styles.
Q2) Name the functions (practical and symbolic)of the cathedral in medieval town life.
Q3) The stained-glass windows at Chartres are especially unique for their emphasis on which of the following colors?
A)blue
B)white
C)green
D)red
Q4) Explain the importance of the flying buttress in architecture.
Q5) The chalky white plaster that formed the base layer for much medieval painting is called
A)temperA.
B)gesso.
C)fresco.
D)contrapposto.
Q6) Explain the function and style of the abbey church and the pilgrimage church.
Q7) Describe the role of music in medieval liturgical drama,religious ceremony,and secular life.
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Chapter 14: The World Beyond the West
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Q1) Describe the arts of medieval Japan and their unified themes.
Q2) The architectural ideal of the early Buddhist and Hindu temples was to represent which of the following?
A)the River Ganges
B)the sacred mountain
C)the Khyber Pass
D)the Earth
Q3) Which of the following are NOT members of the Hindu "trinity" as described in the text?
A)Brahma
B)Vishnu
C)Shiva
D)Krishna
Q4) The poetic language of ancient India is called
A)linear A.
B)hieroglyphics.
C)cuneiform.
D)sanskrit.
Q5) Explain the unique features of Chinese poetry,music,and painting.
Q6) Discuss the cultural and technological achievements of Tang and Song China.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Adversity and Challenge
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Q1) Discuss the decline of the Catholic Church during this period of history and the underlying causes of its decline.
Q2) Explain the origins of the Hundred Years' War.
Q3) According to the text,the war was particularly effective in ending which of the following things?
A)use of the foot soldier
B)horses
C)feudalism
D)monarchy
Q4) In 1358,French peasants staged an angry protest known as ________ that took the lives of hundreds of noblemen before it was suppressed by the French king.
A)the Junkers
B)the Libertat
C)the Jacquerie
D)the French Revolution
Q5) Discuss the Black Death and its impact on medieval Europe.
Q6) Discuss the medieval use of devotional realism in art and music.
Q7) Describe social realism and its expression in medieval literature and art.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Classical Humanism
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Q1) The central theme in Machiavelli's The Prince is
A)anyone can lead if thrust into the position.
B)the need for a strong state justifies strong rule.
C)two wrongs do not make a right.
D)money is the root of all evil.
Q2) Explain the contributions of Ficino,Pico,and Alberti to the substance of Italian Renaissance humanism.
Q3) Which of the following correctly identifies the approximate years of the Renaissance?
A)940-1300
B)940-1600
C)1300-1600
D)1600-1750
Q4) Explain the roles and viewpoints of the female humanists.
Q5) The word "renaissance" literally means
A)new breath.
B)new thinking.
C)rebirth.
D)to cover over the olD.
Q6) Why is Machiavelli considered the first political realist?
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Renaissance Artists
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Q1) Which of the following was responsible for the colossal and innovative dome on the cathedral (il Duomo)in Florence,Italy?
A)Donatello
B)Masaccio
C)Ghiberti
D)Brunelleschi
Q2) An early master of the new Renaissance technique of linear perspective,________ died young but left many innovative church frescos in Florence.
A)Donatello
B)Masaccio
C)Ghiberti
D)Brunelleschi
Q3) The Venetian architect celebrated for having resuscitated the Classical ideals of symmetry and centrality in numerous buildings and villas throughout Northern Italy was A)Bramante.
B)Palladio.
C)Michelangelo.
D)Ghiberti.
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Chapter 18: Cross-Cultural Encounters
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Q1) Which of the following African empires did NOT come under the influence of Muslim culture?
A)Songhai
B)Ghana
C)Benin
D)Mali
Q2) Inseparable from the rituals for which they were made,African masks function as transformative objects that work to
A)channel spiritual energy.
B)scare away evil.
C)depict a story.
D)illustrate musical lyrics.
Q3) Explain the impact of "encounter" in Africa,the Americas,and Europe.
Q4) Which of the following are NOT among the rich output of the native populations of the Northwest?
A)totems
B)masks
C)textiles
D)kachina figures
Q5) Explain the factors that precipitated European overseas expansion.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Protest and Reform
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Q1) List some of the leading figures of Northern Renaissance music,art,and literature.
Q2) The leading Christian humanist of his day,________ led the critical study of the Bible and writings of the church fathers.
A)Pliny the Elder
B)Plato
C)Cicero
D)Erasmus
Q3) A Zurich-based radical wing of Protestantism called ________ rejected all seven of the Catholic sacraments,turning instead to individual acceptance of God.
A)Lutherans
B)Calvinists
C)the Anabaptists
D)Anglicans
Q4) The technological innovation that spurred the Protestant Reformation was the A)compass.
B)ability to pave roadways.
C)printing press.
D)long bow.
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