Histology Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Histology is the study of the microscopic structure of tissues and organs in animals and plants. This course provides an in-depth exploration of the organization, function, and identification of various cell types, tissues, and organ systems through microscopic examination. Emphasizing the correlation between structure and function, it covers the four basic tissue types epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue along with their roles in health and disease. Laboratory components reinforce theoretical concepts through practical experience with histological techniques, specimen preparation, and microscopy, preparing students for advanced study and research in biological and medical sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Histology and Cell Biology An Introduction to Pathology 3rd Edition by Abraham L Kierszenbaum
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23 Chapters
246 Verified Questions
246 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1028 Page 2
Chapter 1: Epithelium
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20394
Sample Questions
Q1) The epithelial specializations most likely to be found in absorptive epithelia are
A) Cilia
B) Flagella
C) Microtubules
D) Microvilli
E) Stereocilia
Answer: D
Q2) The apical surface modifications of the cells lining the small intestine contain which of the following proteins?
A) Actin
B) Claudin
C) Elastin
D) Myosin
E) Occludin
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Epithelial Glands
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6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Facilitated diffusion
A) Is another name for osmosis
B) Occurs against a concentration gradient
C) Occurs through pores in the phospholipid bilayer
D) Requires specialized proteins
E) Requires energy
Answer: D
Q2) Which organelle is responsible for degrading proteins?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Lysosome
C) Mitochondrion
D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
E) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Cell Signaling
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6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The binding of a ligand to a G protein--coupled receptor will result in activation of adenylyl cyclase, which in turn will initiate which of the following pathways?
A) Ca² -calmodulin
B) cAMP
C) cGMP
D) MAP kinase
E) Phospholipase C-Ca²
Answer: B
Q2) An action potential triggers the release of a(n)
A) Eicosanoid
B) Neurotransmitter
C) Paracrine
D) Peptide hormone
E) Steroid hormone
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Connective Tissue
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In mature bone, the cell processes of adjacent osteocytes are connected by gap junctions within the _____.
A) Canaliculi
B) Haversian canals
C) Lacunae
D) Lamellae
E) Volkmann's canals
Q2) Formation of new cartilage along the surface of pre-existing cartilage is termed
A) Appositional growth
B) Endochondral growth
C) Interstitial growth
D) Intramembranous growth
E) Isogenous growth
Q3) Which of the following cells is a type of macrophage?
A) Osteoblast
B) Osteoclast
C) Osteocyte
D) Osteogenic cell
E) Osteoprogenitor cell
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Chapter 5: Osteogenesis
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of intramembranous, rather than endochondral, ossification?
A) A hyaline cartilage model is used
B) Long bones are formed
C) Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts within connective tissue
D) Periosteal buds invade the lacunae left behind by dead chondrocytes
E) Secondary ossification centers form in the epiphyses
Q2) When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone
A) Appositional bone growth begins
B) Interstitial bone growth begins
C) Long bones have reached their adult length
D) Puberty begins
E) The bone becomes more brittle
Q3) What occurs in the hypertrophic zone during endochondral ossificiation?
A) Chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage undergo mitosis and growth
B) Invasion of empty lacunae by osteoprogenitor cells
C) Penetration of calcified septa by blood vessels
D) Programmed cell death of chondrocytes
E) Proliferating chondrocytes organize into parallel columns
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Blood and Hematopoiesis
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During homing and inflammation, _____ occurs following rolling and attachment
A) Adhesion
B) Macrophage activation
C) Migration of T-cells
D) Selectin expression
E) Tumor necrosis factor - secretion
Q2) The majority of the formed elements of blood are
A) Eosinophils
B) Erythrocytes
C) Lymphocytes
D) Monocytes
E) Thrombocytes
Q3) Which of the following cell types are functionally related to mast cells in that they release histamine and other vasoactive substances?
A) Basophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Erythrocytes
D) Monocytes
E) Neutrophils
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Muscle Tissue
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The structure that serves as an attachment for thin filaments and demarcates the boundary between sarcomeres in skeletal muscle is the
A) A band
B) H zone
C) I band
D) M line
E) Z line
Q2) The degree of tension and force in a muscle contraction is monitored by
A) Golgi tendon organs
B) Motor neurons
C) Muscle spindles
D) Nuclear bag fibers
E) Terminal cisternae
Q3) All of the following occur during the contraction of a sarcomere except
A) Shortening of A-band
B) Shortening of H-zone
C) Shortening of I-band.
D) Thin filaments slide toward M-line
E) Z-lines move closer together
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Chapter 8: Nervous Tissue
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20401
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following surrounds individual neurons within a nerve?
A) Endoneurium
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Epineurium
D) Myelin
E) Perineurium
Q2) Neurotransmitters synthesized in the soma of a neuron reach the synaptic cleft via
A) Action potentials
B) Anterograde axonal transport
C) Graded potentials
D) Retrograde axonal transport
E) Synaptic activity
Q3) Cell bodies of which of the following type of neuron are found in dorsal root ganglia?
A) Central nervous system
B) Parasympathetic nervous system
C) Sensory
D) Somatic motor
E) Sympathetic
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10
Chapter 9: Sensory Organs: Vision and Hearing
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the dark, Na+ channels are ____ and neurotransmitter release is ____. In bright light, on the other hand, the Na+ channels are ____ and neurotransmitter release ____
A) Closed, continuous, open, ceases
B) Closed, continuous, open, increases
C) Open, absent, closed, increases
D) Open, continuous, closed, ceases
E) Open, continuous, closed, increases
Q2) The photoreceptor neurons of the retina synapse on ____
A) Amacrine cells
B) Bipolar cells
C) Ganglion cells
D) Horizontal cells
E) Müller cells
Q3) Most of the aqueous humor produced by the ciliary body drains into the A) Aqueous veins
B) Canal of Schlemm
C) External collecting channel
D) Scleral plexus
E) Trabecular meshwork
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11
Chapter 10: Immune Lymphatic System
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is found in the red pulp of the spleen?
A) B and T cells
B) Central arteriole
C) Corona
D) Periarteriolar lymphoid sheath
E) Splenic cords
Q2) Activated B cells proliferate in the _____ of a lymph node.
A) Capsule
B) Germinal center
C) Mantle zone
D) Subcapsular sinus
E) Trabeculae
Q3) Which of the following belong to the developing rather than the stromal population of cells in the thymus?
A) Dendritic cells
B) Double-negative T cells
C) Hassall's corpuscles
D) Macrophages
E) Thymic cortical epithelial cells
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Integumentary System
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ glands disperse secretory vesicles by bursting, resulting in the death of the cell
A) Apocrine
B) Endocrine
C) Exocrine
D) Holocrine
E) Merocrine
Q2) Which of the following sensory receptors is activated by painful stimuli?
A) Mechanoreceptors
B) Meissner corpuscles
C) Merkel disks
D) Nociceptors
E) Pacinian corpuscles
Q3) Nail production occurs at the nail _____.
A) Bed
B) Body
C) Eponychium
D) Hyponychium
E) Matrix
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Cardiovascular System
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20405
Sample Questions
Q1) Arteries are best described as
A) Thick-walled vessels that carry blood toward the heart
B) Thick-walled vessels that carry oxygenated blood
C) Thin-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart
D) Thin-walled vessels that carry deoxygenated blood
E) Not one of the above is an accurate description of arteries
Q2) Lymphatic vessels
A) Are open-ended
B) Eventually drain into one of the subclavian veins
C) Have fewer valves than veins
D) Have simple squamous epithelial cells separated by tight junctions
E) Merge with capillary networks throughout the body
Q3) Which of the following statements about veins is false?
A) Layering in the walls is indistinct
B) Most small and medium-sized veins contain valves
C) The lumina are larger than corresponding arteries
D) Vasa vasorum in large veins are less common than in corresponding arteries
E) Walls are thinner than those found in corresponding arteries
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Chapter 13: Respiratory System
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the respiratory system, air moves from the larynx into the
A) Bronchi
B) Bronchioles
C) Laryngopharynx
D) Oropharynx
E) Trachea
Q2) _____ are bony projections that result in folds in the lateral parts of the nasal cavity, causing airflow turbulence.
A) Conchae
B) Meati
C) Nares
D) Septa
E) Vibrissae
Q3) Alveolar cells that manufacture and secrete pulmonary surfactant are
A) Alveolar macrophages
B) Clara cells
C) Endothelial cells
D) Type I alveolar cells
E) Type II alveolar cells
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Urinary System
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following statements about the distal thick segment of the renal tubule are true EXCEPT
A) It does not have a brush border
B) It empties into the collecting duct
C) It excretes sodium ions and absorbs potassium ions
D) It has a larger diameter than the loop of Henle
E) It is impermeable to water outside the presence of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
Q2) Decreased salt concentration results in all of the following EXCEPT
A) Aldosterone secretion
B) Paracrine secretion from macula densa cells
C) Renin secretion from juxtaglomerular cells
D) Vasodilation
E) Water reabsorption in the distal tubule
Q3) Each renal corpuscle receives blood directly from which of the following vessels?
A) Afferent arteriole
B) Arcuate artery
C) Efferent arteriole
D) Interlobar artery
E) Interlobular artery
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Upper Digestive Segment
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are invaginations of gastric epithelium into the lamina propria called?
A) Crypts of Lieberkühn
B) Gastric pits
C) Plicae circularis
D) Rugae
E) Villi
Q2) What do the surface mucous cells of the stomach do?
A) They are regenerative
B) They help reabsorb vitamin B12
C) They secrete a substance that protects the stomach lining from acid
D) They secrete hydrochloric acid
E) They secrete into the base of the gastric pit
Q3) Which of the following are simple coiled tubular glands lined almost entirely with mucus-secreting cells?
A) Cardiac glands
B) Esophageal glands
C) Fundic glands
D) Gastric glands
E) Pyloric glands
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Chapter 16: Lower Digestive Segment
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following cell types participate in the immunity of the intestine EXCEPT
A) Eosinophils
B) Macrophages
C) Mast cells
D) Neutrophils
E) Plasma cells
Q2) Which of the following are not mucosal specializations of the small intestine?
A) Peyer's patches
B) Villi
C) Plicae circulares
D) Microvilli
E) Rugae
Q3) The ____ secrete(s) an alkaline fluid to protect the duodenum from acidic chyme.
A) Brunner's glands
B) Gallbladder
C) Goblet cells
D) Liver
E) Peyer's patches
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18
Chapter 17: Digestive Glands
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Digestive enzymes such as trypsin and cholesterol esterase are secreted by the A) Cardiac glands
B) Islets of Langerhans
C) Liver
D) Pancreatic secretory acini
E) Principal ("true") gastric glands
Q2) Which of the following is not an accurate statement about salivary gland secretory acini?
A) Acini are surrounded by myoepithelial cells
B) Fused secretory cells form compound acini called serous demilunes
C) Mucous acini lumina have a spongy appearance
D) Serous acini secrete salivary amylase
E) Submandibular glands contain primarily mucous acini with serous demilunes
Q3) Which of the following has a mucosa that is rich in mitochondria, absorbs sodium, and is lined with columnar epithelium?
A) Anterior dorsal tongue
B) Intercalated intralobular salivary ducts
C) Interlobular salivary ducts
D) Striated intralobular salivary ducts
E) Vermilion aspect of the lips
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Chapter 18: Neuroendocrine System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which endocrine structure is composed of several cell types, including chromophobe cells, acidophils, and basophils?
A) Adrenal gland
B) Anterior pituitary
C) Parathyroid gland
D) Pineal gland
E) Posterior pituitary
Q2) The hormone that stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 production in the hepatocytes is secreted by
A) Acidophils
B) Basophils
C) Chromophobe cells
D) Herring bodies
E) Pituicytes
Q3) Melatonin
A) Is secreted by the neurohypophysis
B) Is secreted immediately following synthesis by acidophils
C) Is transported along pinealocyte axons
D) Production is stimulated by sunlight
E) Stimulates growth hormone secretion
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Chapter 19: Endocrine System
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9 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which endocrine structure secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine?
A) Adenohypophysis
B) Adrenal cortex
C) Adrenal medulla
D) Neurohypophysis
E) Thyroid gland
Q2) The zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces
A) Androgens
B) Corticoids
C) Glucocorticoids
D) Mineralocorticoids
E) Steroids
Q3) What happens immediately after insulin binds to the -subunit of the insulin receptor?
A) It activates the adjacent tyrosine kinase ( -subunit)
B) It increases glucose uptake by the cell
C) It stimulates glucagon secretion by the cells
D) It stimulates the synthesis of GLUT-4 (glucose transporter-4)
E) It transports the GLUT-4 protein to the cell membrane
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Spermatogenesis
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are diploid structures?
A) Primary spermatocytes
B) Secondary spermatocytes
C) Sperm
D) Spermatids
E) Spermatozoa
Q2) Spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells are found in the
A) Epididymides
B) Prostate
C) Rete testes
D) Seminiferous tubules
E) Vas deferens
Q3) Testosterone is secreted by
A) Leydig cells
B) Principal cells
C) Sertoli cells
D) Spermatogenic cells
E) Spermatogonia
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Chapter 21: Sperm Transport and Maturation
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Sample Questions
Q1) What structure contributes a lubricating mucus substance to semen?
A) Bulbourethral gland
B) Epididymidis
C) Prostate
D) Seminal vesicle
E) Testis
Q2) Sperm are matured and stored in what structure?
A) Epididymidis
B) Prostate
C) Seminal vesicle
D) Testis
E) Vas deferens
Q3) Which of the following structures secretes the largest component of seminal fluid?
A) Bulbourethral gland
B) Ductuli efferentes
C) Ductus epididymidis
D) Prostate gland
E) Seminal vesicle
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23
Chapter 22: Follicle Development and the Menstrual Cycle
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which ovarian follicle has a simple cuboidal epithelium?
A) Mature follicle
B) Primary follicle
C) Primordial follicle
D) Secondary follicle
E) Both B and D have simple cuboidal epithelia
Q2) During which stage of the endometrial cycle is mitotic activity most intense?
A) Early proliferative period
B) Ischemic period
C) Late proliferative period
D) Midproliferative period
E) Midsecretory period
Q3) The thick fibromuscular layer of the uterus is the
A) Cervix
B) Cortex
C) Endometrium
D) Myometrium
E) Tunica albuginea
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24
Chapter 23: Fertilization, Placentation, and Lactation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about the trophoblast is false?
A) It develops into the embryo proper
B) It helps form the placenta
C) It invades the endometrium during implantation
D) It is the outer layer of cells around the blastula
E) It secretes human chorionic gonadotropiin
Q2) What structure secretes estrogen and progesterone for approximately 3 months following fertilization?
A) Corpus albicans
B) Corpus luteum
C) Mature follicle
D) Placenta
E) Tunica albuginea
Q3) Which part of the spermatozoa contains digestive enzymes that aid in fertilization?
A) Acrosome
B) Basal plate
C) End piece
D) Neck
E) Tail
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Page 25