Healthcare Occupations
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
This course provides an overview of the diverse careers available within the healthcare industry, exploring roles such as nurses, physicians, therapists, technicians, and administrative professionals. Students will learn about the education, skills, and certifications required for each occupation, as well as typical job responsibilities and work environments. Emphasis is placed on the importance of ethics, communication, and teamwork in healthcare settings, along with emerging trends and opportunities within the field. This foundational course helps students make informed decisions about pursuing specific healthcare pathways.
Recommended Textbook
Body Structures and Functions 12th Edition by
Ann Senisi Scott
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22 Chapters
998 Verified Questions
998 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Structural Units
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______________ is the ability of the body to regulate its internal environment within narrow limits.
Answer: Homeostasis
Q2) Which of the following are cavities within the skull. Mark all that apply.
a.orbital cavity
b.nasal cavity
c.oral cavity
d.buccal cavity
Answer: A, B, C, D
Q3) The hand is proximal to the elbow.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) includes cytology and histology
A)gross anatomy
B)microscopic anatomy
C)developmental anatomy
D)comparative anatomy
E)systematic anatomy
Answer: B
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Chemistry of Living Things
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Q1) Medical imaging refers to invasive techniques and processes.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q2) Electrolytes are responsible for the acidity or alkalinity of solutions and can conduct an electrical charge.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Nuclear medicine is a branch of medicine that uses radioactive isotopes to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q4) Triglycerides are a type of _____.
A)protein
B)fat
C)carbohydrate
D)glycogen
Answer: B
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Cells
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chromosomes store the hereditary material called __________________________.
Answer: DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
Q2) Filtration is an example of _____.
A)active transport
B)passive transport
C)phagocytosis
D)pinocytosis
Answer: B
Q3) Some of the phospholipids of the cell membrane are hydrophilic. What does that mean?
A)They attract water.
B)They repel water.
C)They alternate between attracting and repelling water.
Answer: A
Q4) All cells reproduce at the same rate.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Tissues and Membranes
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Q1) determines posture, produces body heat, and provides for movement
A)skeletal
B)muscular
C)digestive
D)respiratory
E)circulatory
F)excretory
G)nervous
H)endocrine
I)reproductive
J)integumentary
Q2) Which of the following is an example of an organ?
A)nervous system
B)epithelial tissue
C)carbon
D)stomach
Q3) Collagen is a white, fibrous protein found in areolar tissue.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A(n) ____________________ is the basic structural unit of the body.
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Chapter 5: Integumentary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following conditions is caused by a parasite?
A)ingrown nails
B)fungal infections
C)head lice
D)warts
Q2) The loss of subcutaneous fat results in lines, wrinkles, and sagging of the skin.
A)True
B)False
Q3) localized changes in skin color of less than 1 cm
A)papule
B)bulla
C)pustule
D)nodule
E)macule
Q4) Skin is protected by a thick, oily substance called _____.
A)sebum
B)keratin
C)melanin
D)mucus
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Chapter 6: Skeletal System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lying flat on one's stomach with the face pointing downward would be what position?
A)supine
B)prone
C)neither supine or prone
Q2) The acronym RICE means ____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and
Q3) movement toward the midline
A)flexion
B)abduction
C)pronation
D)supination
E)rotation
F)circumduction
G)adduction
Q4) The clavicles are also called the collar bones.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Name the four types of bones: ____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and
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Chapter 7: Muscular System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A muscle strain is a sustained contraction of the muscle.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Name the four characteristics of muscles: _________________________, __________________________, _________________________, and _________________________.
Q3) the prefix a- means _____.
A)process of
B)without
C)excessive
Q4) Another name for a muscle spasm is a cramp.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The ability of a muscle to return to its original length is called _____.
A)excitability
B)elasticity
C)contractibility
D)extensibility
Q6) Nearly ____________________ of our body weight comes from muscles.
Q8) _________________________ can occur to muscles that are infrequently Page 9
Q7) The major source of energy for muscles is
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Page 10
Chapter 8: Central Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) diencephalon
A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)associative neurons
D)neurotransmitter
E)one of the four major parts of the brain
F)dura mater
G)arachnoid mater
Q2) Inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord is called _____.
A)encephalitis
B)meningitis
C)poliomyelitis
D)laryngitis
Q3) The autonomic nervous system includes peripheral nerves and ganglia.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Neuroglia is the type of cell that _____.
A)is able to react when stimulated
B)insulates, supports, and protects neurons
C)is able to pass the nerve impulse generated by other cells
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Chapter 9: Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Peripheral neuropathy is frequently caused by diabetes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which plexus supplies motor movement to the posterior of the legs and thighs?
A)cervical
B)brachial
C)lumbar
D)sacral
Q3) When a provider taps the knee to determine the presence of a knee-jerk reflex, what is happening?
A)A message is sent to the brain to respond.
B)A message is sent to the spinal cord to respond.
C)The nerve being tapped responds locally and no message is transmitted.
Q4) ____________________ and ____________________ nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system.
Q5) ________________________________________ is a condition that affects the median nerve and the flexor tendons that attach to the bones of the wrist.
Q6) A(n) ____________________ is composed of bundles of nerve fibers enclosed by connective tissue.
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Special Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fill in the missing structures to complete the pathway of vision: Images in light > cornea > ____________________ > lens > light rays are bent or refracted > ____________________ > rods and cones pick up stimulus > optic nerve > optic chiasma > optic tracts > occipital lobe.
Q2) ____________________ is a condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes cloudy.
Q3) Another name for a bone of the middle ear is the hammer, or malleus. A)True B)False
Q4) Smell accounts for about _________________________ of what we think we taste.
Q5) Loud noise heard for too long will damage your hearing. For example, hearing a continuous noise at 100 decibels may damage hearing within how many hours?
A)2 B)4 C)8
D)10
Q6) The ____________________ is a mass of muscle tissue with structures called papillae.
Q7) ____________________ fit eyeglasses and contact lenses.
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Chapter 11: Endocrine System
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Sample Questions
Q1) estrogen
A)pituitary - anterior lobe
B)pituitary - posterior lobe
C)thyroid
D)parathyroid
E)adrenal medulla
F)adrenal cortex
G)pancreas
H)thymus
I)ovaries
J)testes
Q2) Name the two glands located in the neck close to the Adam's apple ____________________ and ____________________.
Q3) The alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas secrete the hormone insulin.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The hormone that controls the calcium ion concentration in the body is called ____________________.
Q5) A(n) ____________________ is any organ that produces a secretion.
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Chapter 12: Blood
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Sample Questions
Q1) A hereditary disease in which blood clots slowly or abnormally is called _____.
A)polycythemia
B)embolism
C)hematoma
D)hemophilia
Q2) Monocytosis is a process that surrounds, engulfs, and digests harmful bacteria.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The average adult has ____________________ pints of blood in the body.
Q4) A disease in which the red blood cells are abnormally shaped is called ___________________________________.
Q5) What is a blood disease in which there is a decrease in the number of platelets?
A)hemophilia
B)thrombocytopenia
C)leukemia
Q6) Everyone has an Rh factor, which is found on the surface of red blood cells.
A)True
B)False
Q7) ____________________ is necessary for blood clotting.
Q8) The clotting time for humans is ______________________________.
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Chapter 13: Heart
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most, if not all, health care workers must have current certification in which of the following?
A)CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
B)ALS (advanced life support)
C)PALS (pediatric advanced life support)
D)EKG (electrocardiogram) interpretation
Q2) Hypotension is a risk factor for heart disease.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Name the four valves of the heart: ____________________, ____________________, _________________________, and
Q4) Which of the following lab results would be least likely to contribute to the development of heart disease?
A)cholesterol 250
B)LDL 150
C)HDL 150
D)triglycerides 190
Q5) ____________________ is a procedure to help open clogged vessels.
Q6) The heart is located in the ____________________ cavity.
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Chapter 14: Circulation and Blood Vessels
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is the death of body tissue as a result of an insufficient blood supply caused by disease or injury.
A)Arteriosclerosis
B)Hemorrhoids
C)Varicose veins
D)Gangrene
Q2) the outer layer of the arterial wall
A)hemiplegia
B)arteriole
C)dysphasia
D)hypoperfusion
E)cyanosis
F)phlebitis
G)vascular
H)atherosclerosis
I)arteriosclerosis
J)tunica adventitia
Q3) The ____________________ is the largest artery in the body.
Q4) The ______________________________ brings oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
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Q5) Another term used to describe low blood pressure is ____________________.
Chapter 15: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems
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Q1) infection of the tonsils
A)acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
B)anaphylactic shock
C)asthma
D)Hodgkin's disease
E)hypersensitivity
F)infectious mononucleosis
G)lupus
H)lymphadenitis
I)scleroderma
J)tonsillitis
Q2) An important function of the spleen is to destroy and remove worn out red blood cells while preserving the hemoglobin.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Infants must be protected against all types of infection, because they are born without any type of immunity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The body's ability to resist pathogens is called ____________________.
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Chapter 16: Infection Control and Standard Precautions
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Q1) The main reason that the spores of disease-causing bacteria are dangerous is that they _____.
A)are very difficult to destroy
B)cause very serious infections
C)cause infections that are difficult to diagnose
D)destroy the cells they inhabit
Q2) gonorrhea
A)bacteria
B)fungi
C)protozoa
D)rickettsia
E)virus
F)helminths
Q3) urinary tract infection
A)bacteria
B)fungi
C)protozoa
D)rickettsia
E)virus
F)helminths
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Chapter 17: Respiratory System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Overinflation of the lungs during inhalation is prevented by the _____.
A)stimulation of nerve endings in the walls of the lungs
B)the action of the diaphragm
C)positive pressure in the pleural cavity
D)the level of oxygen in the alveoli
Q2) There are about 500 million alveoli in the adult lung.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ____________________ is an inflammation of the membranes that cover the lungs.
Q4) Quiet breathing at a normal rate is called eupnea.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following infectious diseases is increasing in incidence after being on the decline for many years?
A)tuberculosis
B)diphtheria
C)pneumonia
D)SARS
Q6) ____________________ facilitates the release of energy stored in nutrient molecules.
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Chapter 18: Digestive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) protrusion of the stomach above the diaphragm
A)gastroesophageal reflux disease
B)hiatal hernia
C)gastric ulcer
D)inflammatory bowel disease
E)hepatitis
F)diverticulitis
G)cholecystitis
H)pyloric stenosis
I)cirrhosis
J)heartburn
Q2) A(n) ____________________ is a sore, or lesion, that forms in the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum.
Q3) The sensation of taste is coupled with the sense of touch.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Chemical digestion of ____________________ is initiated by the secretion of saliva.
Q5) ____________________ teeth start to erupt at about 6 months of age and continue emerging until about 2 years.
21
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Chapter 19: Nutrition
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Q1) An eating disorder characterized by episodic binge eating followed by purging is called ____________________.
Q2) Why is it recommended that individuals obtain dietary fiber from foods rather than from supplements?
A)The supplements contain too many extra calories.
B)Fiber in foods is more readily available to the body.
C)To save the calories contained in the food.
D)The foods may contain health benefits in addition to the fiber.
Q3) Two minerals that are especially important for health in females, but are often consumed in less than optimal amounts, are _____.
A)calcium and potassium
B)calcium and iron
C)potassium and sodium
D)sodium and calcium
Q4) The ______________________________ is legally required to include information on servings, calories, and nutrient content.
Q5) A(n) ____________________ is a unit that measures the amount of energy contained within the chemical bonds of foods.
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Chapter 20: Urinary System
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Q1) Loss of voluntary control over urination is called _____.
A)neurogenic bladder
B)dialysis
C)incontinence
D)urgency
Q2) The term used to describe the limit of reabsorption of a specific substance is the ____________________.
Q3) Caffeine increases the loss of sodium ions, thus increasing the loss of water.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Hormones play an important role in regulating the function of the urinary system.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The laboratory examination of urine is called ____________________.
Q6) The ______________________________ is the outside opening through which urine leaves the body.
Q7) Urine is moved down the ureters by means of gravity.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: Reproductive System
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Q1) All living organisms must ____________________ to continue their species.
Q2) Benign growths that occur in the wall of the uterus are called _________________________.
Q3) The prostate gland is about the size and shape of a pear.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ____________________ means the absence of a menstrual cycle.
Q5) Syphilis is a potentially life-threatening STD.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The sex of a child is determined by the genetic material of the mother.
A)True
B)False
Q7) An important role of progesterone in the reproductive process is to _____.
A)maintain the growth and thickening of the endometrium
B)encourage the breakdown of the lining of the endometrium
C)stimulate the rupture of the follicle
D)stimulate the creation of the corpus luteum
Page 24
Q8) The primary sex organs of the female are the ____________________.
Q9) Inflammation of the testes is called ____________________.
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Page 25
Chapter 22: Genetics and Genetically Linked Diseases
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Q1) ______________________________ helps prospective parents make informed decisions about having children.
Q2) Most inherited mutated genes pass on a beneficial characteristic.
A)True
B)False
Q3) It is estimated that everyone carries two or three recessive ____________________ genes.
Q4) abnormal gene causes deterioration of the central nervous system
A)phenylketonuria
B)sickle cell anemia
C)Tay-Sachs disease
D)Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
E)Huntington's disease
F)cystic fibrosis
G)thalassemia
H)hemophilia
I)Down syndrome
J)Turner's syndrome
Q5) ____________________ is the branch of biology that studies how the genes are transmitted from parents to offspring.
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