Healthcare Foundations Review
Questions
Course Introduction
Healthcare Foundations introduces students to the fundamental principles and concepts underlying the healthcare system. The course explores the roles and responsibilities of healthcare professionals, basic medical terminology, ethical and legal considerations, health communication, patient safety, and the structure of healthcare delivery. Students will gain an overview of health promotion, disease prevention, and the impact of cultural, technological, and social factors on health services. This course provides essential knowledge for navigating the complex healthcare environment and serves as a solid foundation for advanced studies in health-related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 6th Edition by Valerie C. Scanlon
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5039 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 2:Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of body cavities (Select all that apply)?
A)The pelvic cavity is the most inferior part of the dorsal cavity.
B)The two major cavities are the dorsal and posterior cavities.
C)The abdominal cavity is part of the ventral cavity and is lined with the peritoneum.
D)The spinal cavity is lined with meninges.
E)The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity from the pelvic cavity.
F)The spinal cavity and cranial cavity are continuous.
Answer: C,D,F
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of cells and tissues (Select all that apply)?
A)A human cell is made of organic and inorganic chemicals.
B)A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together.
C)A tissue that generates impulses is nerve tissue.
D)Some connective tissues do not have cells.
E)A tissue on a body surface is an epithelial tissue.
F)The tissue that is specialized to contract is muscle tissue.
Answer: A,B,C,E,F
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Page 3
Chapter 2:Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part
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Sample Questions
Q1) The bones of the skull are rigid and hard,which is part of their __________________.
Answer: anatomy
Q2) The dorsal cavity is lined by membranes called the ________________.
Answer: meninges
Q3) The type of feedback mechanism in which the response reverses the stimulus is called ____________________.
Answer: negative
Q4) The spinal cavity is formed by the _________________.
Answer: vertebrae spine backbone
Q5) The plantar area is ____________________ to the popliteal area. Answer: distal inferior
Q6) A group of organs that work together is called a(n)_____________________________.
Answer: organ system
Answer: lateral Page 4
Q7) A temporal area is on the _____________________ side of the head.
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Page 5
Chapter 2:Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is NOT true of homeostasis?
A)The body is constantly responding to changes.
B)If disrupted,homeostasis cannot be restored.
C)Homeostasis is a state of good health and proper functioning.
D)Responses by the body keep body functions within normal limits.
Answer: B
Q2) The plantar area is ___ to the femoral area.
A)superior
B)distal
C)proximal
D)central
Answer: B
Q3) A group of cells with similar structure and function is called:
A)a tissue
B)an organ
C)a chemical group
D)an organ system
Answer: A
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Chapter 3:Some Basic Chemistry-Part A
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of ions and ionic bonds (Select all that apply)?
A)When an atom loses one electron,it then has a charge of negative 1.
B)A positive ion may be called a cation.
C)A sodium ion will bond with two chloride ions to form a molecule of sodium chloride.
D)A chloride ion is a cation.
E)Ionic bonds may break in an aqueous solution.
F)The ionic bonds of a salt are weak in the solid state.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of trace elements (Select all that apply)?
A)Iron is part of the hemoglobin in RBCs.
B)Vitamin B12 contains the mineral copper.
C)The transmission of nerve impulses depends on sodium and potassium.
D)Cobalt is needed for the hormone thyroxine.
E)Phosphorus is part of DNA and RNA.
F)The mineral necessary for blood clotting is iodine.
G)The mineral that helps store oxygen in muscle cells is magnesium.
H)Sulfur is part of some proteins.
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Chapter 3:Some Basic Chemistry-Part B
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Q1) While sweating,the body loses heat by the process of
Q2) The number of positive or negative charges an ion has is called its
Q3) The product of cell respiration that in excess will cause cellular pH to decrease is ____________________________.
Q4) The subunits of a molecule of glycogen are molecules of ________________________.
Q5) The raw materials of cell respiration are ________________ and ___________________.
Q6) Two minerals that provide strength in bones are ______________________ and __________________________.
Q7) On the pH scale,bases are indicated by numbers
Q8) The bicarbonate buffer system consists of carbonic acid and ________________________.
Q9) Two polysaccharides made of glucose are ____________________ and
Q10) An atom that has lost or gained electrons is called a(n)________________________. Page 8
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Page 9
Chapter 3:Some Basic Chemistry-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which element is NOT paired with its correct symbol?
A)sodium - S
B)oxygen - O
C)magnesium - Mg
D)chlorine - Cl
Q2) A cation has a:
A)positive charge,and an example is a chloride ion
B)negative charge,and an example is a potassium ion
C)positive charge,and an example is a calcium ion
D)negative charge,and an example is an iron ion
Q3) For people,the function of cellulose is to promote:
A)energy production between meals
B)peristalsis
C)loss of heat in hot weather
D)retention of heat in cold weather
Q4) The chemical formula for glucose is:
A)C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>12</sub>
B)C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>6</sub>
C)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>6</sub>
D)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>
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Chapter 4:Cells-Part A
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of human chromosomes (Select all that apply)?
A)Human chromosomes are made of DNA,protein,and glucose.
B)The total DNA in a cell is called the genome.
C)The genetic code of DNA is the arrangement of the bases in each chromosome.
D)In the DNA double helix,the base adenine is always paired with guanine.
E)Hydrogen bonds help maintain the shape of the DNA in the chromosomes.f.When a cell is not dividing,the chromosomes may be seen lined up at the edge of the nucleus.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of solutions (Select all that apply)?
A)Any substance that dissolves in water is called a solute.
B)Compared to human cells,hypertonic solutions have a greater percentage of water.
C)Compared to human cells,hypotonic solutions have a smaller percentage of water.
D)Human cells placed in a hypotonic solution will shrivel.
E)Human cells placed in a hypertonic solution will swell and burst.
F)Blood plasma is isotonic to red blood cells.
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11
Chapter 4:Cells-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The human haploid number of chromosomes is ________________.
Q2) An organ such as the liver grows in size by the process of ________________________.
Q3) In mitosis,the centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell during __________________.
Q4) White blood cells engulf bacteria by the process of __________________________.
Q5) Egg cells and sperm cells are formed by the process of ________________________.
Q6) In the red bone marrow,____________________ may become any of the kinds of blood cells.
Q7) The mature human cells that do not have chromosomes are the ___________________.
Q8) In the process of diffusion,molecules move from an area of _______________________ to an area of ___________________________.
Q9) The cell division process that with two divisions produces four cells is
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Q10) The cell organelles that contain digestive enzymes are the
Q11) In the lungs and tissues,oxygen and CO? move by the process of
Q12) The small intestine absorbs water by the process of _________________________,
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13
Chapter 4:Cells-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cell organelles that contain enzymes to digest ingested pathogens are the:
A)ribosomes
B)mitochondria
C)lysosomes
D)endoplasmic reticulum
Q2) Cells that have the potential to divide and become any of several kinds of cells are known as:
A)uncommitted cells
B)stem cells
C)plain cells
D)branch cells
Q3) The small intestine absorbs water by the process of:
A)facilitated diffusion
B)active transport
C)osmosis
D)filtration
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Chapter 5:Tissues and Membranes-Part A
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of connective tissue membranes (Select all that apply)?
A)The fibrous pericardium is also called the epicardium.
B)The perichondrium has the only blood vessels found in cartilage.
C)The periosteum anchors tendons.
D)The membranes around the spinal cord are called meninges.
E)Synovial membranes prevent friction as the lungs inflate and deflate.
F)Collagen is stronger than elastin,but not as stretchy.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of skeletal and smooth muscle (Select all that apply)?
A)Skeletal muscle is attached to bone or to major blood vessels.
B)Both skeletal and smooth muscle are considered voluntary.
C)A voluntary muscle cell must receive nerve impulses in order to contract.
D)Another name for visceral muscle is striated muscle.
E)The striations of a striated muscle cell are formed by the layers of the cell membrane.
F)Smooth muscle is found in the iris of the eye and in the wall of the uterus.
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Chapter 5:Tissues and Membranes-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The serous membrane that covers the heart is the __________________________________.
Q2) The general function of serous fluid in all its locations is to _________________________.
Q3) The tissue that forms smooth surfaces in joints is ___________________________.
Q4) The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the ______________________________.
Q5) The esophagus and vagina are lined with ____________________________ epithelium,which is capable of mitosis.
Q6) An organ made primarily of nerve tissue is the ____________________,and the nerve cells are called _________________________.
Q7) The blood cells that destroy pathogens are the __________________________ cells.
Q8) The type of muscle tissue found in arteries and veins is _________________________.
Q9) Exocrine glands secrete their products into ___________________.
Q10) Ligaments are made of _____________________________ tissue.
Q11) The tissue that removes dust and pathogens from the trachea is ________________________. Page 16
Q12) The fluid that traps bacteria and dust in the respiratory tract is ____________________.
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Page 17
Chapter 5:Tissues and Membranes-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) The space between two neurons is called:
A)a synapse
B)a cell body space
C)a dendrite gap
D)an axon space
Q2) The periosteum is a connective tissue membrane that covers:
A)a muscle
B)a bone
C)the spinal cord
D)cartilage
Q3) At synapses,nerve impulse transmission is accomplished by:
A)electrical transmission
B)the myelin sheath
C)the Schwann cells
D)chemical neurotransmitters
Q4) The tissue that protects some internal organs from mechanical injury is:
A)cartilage
B)fibrous connective tissue
C)bone
D)none of these
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Chapter 6:The Integumentary System-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the superficial fascia (Select all that apply)?
A)Adipose tissue has potential energy in the form of fat.
B)Areolar connective tissue contains many white blood cells.
C)This layer is a secondary line of defense for the body because it is just within the skin.
D)The mast cells in this layer produce histamine,which contributes to inflammation.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the glands of the skin (Select all that apply)?
A)Sebum prevents drying of the skin.
B)Ceruminous glands open into hair follicles in the axillae.
C)The secretion of apocrine glands has an individual scent.
D)Cerumen lubricates movement across the skin.
E)Sebaceous glands open into hair follicles,especially in the face.
F)Apocrine glands become more active in stressful situations.
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Chapter 6:The Integumentary System-Part B
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Q1) If intact,the stratum corneum is a very good barrier to ____________________ and ________________________.
Q2) Most cutaneous receptors are found in the ___________________ of the skin.
Q3) Sweating promotes heat loss by means of the process of ________________________.
Q4) The layer of the skin that is made of stratified squamous epithelium is the _________________.
Q5) Ultraviolet rays stimulate the production of _____________________ by cells called _______________________.
Q6) The inner layer of the skin is the ____________________,which is made of __________________________ tissue.
Q7) Vasoconstriction in the dermis is important to ______________________ heat in a(n)___________________ environment.
Q8) The stratum corneum is made of several layers of ____________________,which in turn are made of _____________________.
Q9) For the cutaneous senses of pain and heat,the receptors are _________________________.
Page 20
Q10) Prevention of the entry of pathogens is a function of the stratum _________________ of the epidermis.
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Chapter 6:The Integumentary System-Part C
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Q1) The part of a cow's integument that we know as leather is the:
A)epidermis
B)dermis
C)subcutaneous tissue
D)all of these
Q2) The function of melanin is to protect living skin layers from more:
A)pressure
B)friction
C)UV rays
D)color
Q3) The dermis is the ___ layer of the skin and is made of ___ tissue.
A)outer/stratified squamous epithelial
B)inner/stratified squamous epithelial
C)outer/fibrous connective
D)inner/fibrous connective
Q4) Adipose tissue that cushions some bones is found in the:
A)epidermis
B)dermis
C)subcutaneous tissue
D)fibrous connective tissue
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Chapter 7:The Skeletal System-Part A
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the factors that contribute to the height of a person (Select all that apply)?
A)Genes for height may be for enzymes involved in bone matrix formation.
B)A child cannot be taller than her or his parents.
C)Calcium and phosphorus are important in the diet because they become part of bone matrix.
D)The absorption of calcium from food in the small intestine is facilitated by vitamin A.
E)Vitamins C and D are important in the diet to become part of bone matrix.
F)Either estrogen or testosterone will promote the closure of the epiphyseal discs of long bones.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of red bone marrow (RBM)and blood cells (Select all that apply)?
A)RBM is found in the diaphyses of long bones.
B)RBM is the body's primary hemopoietic tissue.
C)All of the body's red blood cells are produced in the RBM.
D)RBM is found in the compact bone of flat bones.
E)Platelets are produced in the RBM and are important for blood clotting.
F)White blood cells are not produced in the RBM,but rather by the liver.
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Chapter 7:The Skeletal System-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The parietal and temporal bones form a(n)_____________________ joint.
Q2) New bone matrix for growth is produced by cells called __________________________.
Q3) The ribs that articulate indirectly with the sternum are the ______________________,and there are _________ pairs.
Q4) The ribs that articulate directly with the sternum are the ____________________,and there are ________ pairs.
Q5) The occipital and parietal bones all function to ________________________________________.
Q6) The hormone that provides energy for bone growth only from glucose is _________________.
Q7) The rib cage with its muscles is directly involved in the functioning of the ___________________ system.
Q8) Flat and irregular bones are made primarily of ____________________ bone.
Q9) The manubrium and xiphoid process are both parts of the ________________________.
Q10) Red bone marrow produces _______________,______________,and _________________.
Q11) The vertebrae in the neck are called __________________ vertebrae,and there are ________ of them. Page 23
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Page 24
Chapter 7:The Skeletal System-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) Between adjacent thoracic vertebrae are ___ joints.
A)hinge
B)symphysis
C)pivot
D)gliding
Q2) The two pubic bones form this type of joint:
A)gliding
B)pivot
C)suture
D)symphysis
Q3) Which of these is NOT a part of the sternum?
A)coracoid process
B)xiphoid process
C)body
D)manubrium
Q4) Paranasal sinuses are found in all of these bones except the:
A)mandible
B)maxillae
C)sphenoid
D)frontal
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Chapter 8:The Muscular System-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the body's responses to exercise.(Select all that apply)?
A)Respiration increases to take in more O2 and exhale more CO2.
B)Heart rate increases to circulate more oxygenated blood to muscles.
C)Sweating increases because more heat is produced as the rate of cell respiration decreases.
D)The arteries to muscles dilate to carry more blood.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of tendons (Select all that apply)?
A)They are made of fibrous connective tissue.
B)They attach muscle to bone.
C)Many are rope-like but some are flat.
D)Their fibers merge with the fibers of the fascia and the pericardium.
E)The attaching tendon at a muscle's origin helps provide stability.
F)The attaching tendon at a muscle's insertion is on the bone to be moved.
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Chapter 8:The Muscular System-Part B
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Q1) The organ system that transmits impulses for contraction to muscles is the _______________ system.
Q2) Muscles with the same or similar function are called __________________________.
Q3) The muscle group on the front of the thigh that flexes the thigh is the ________________________.
Q4) The simple reaction of cell respiration is: Glucose + ____ ? _____ + _____ + _____ + ATP.
Q5) In the neuromuscular junction,acetylcholine is inactivated by ____________________________.
Q6) The organ system that ensures adequate oxygen intake for muscles is the _______________ system.
Q7) During exercise,excess heat is given off as ___________________ increases.
Q8) The muscle on the back of the trunk that extends and adducts the arm is the ______________________________.
Q9) The muscle on the buttock that extends the thigh is the _____________________________.
27
Q10) The term oxygen debt refers to a lack of oxygen during the process of _____________________________.
Q11) In muscles,oxygen is stored by _________________________.
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Chapter 8:The Muscular System-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which muscle is NOT paired with its correct function?
A)rectus abdominis - extends vertebral column
B)deltoid - abducts arm
C)tibialis anterior - dorsiflexes foot
D)orbicularis oris - puckers lips
Q2) Muscles with opposite functions are called:
A)synergists
B)antagonists
C)prime movers
D)secondary movers
Q3) During exercise,one purpose of increased respiration is to:
A)remove excess body heat
B)circulate more blood to muscles
C)get rid of carbon dioxide more rapidly
D)increase the blood supply within muscles
Q4) Knowing where our muscles are without looking at them is called:
A)muscle sense,and involves stretch receptors in muscles
B)coordination,and involves stretch receptors in muscles
C)muscle sense,and involves stretch receptors in the brain
D)coordination,and involves stretch receptors in the brain
29
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Chapter 9:The Nervous System-Part A
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Q1) The cerebral hemispheres are connected by the ______________________________.
Q2) A nerve impulse changes from electrical to chemical at a(n)______________________.
Q3) The __________________________ division of the autonomic nervous system permits the entire body to react quickly.
Q4) In a cross-section of the spinal cord,the _________________ matter is interior and is surrounded by the ___________________ matter.
Q5) A group of neurons with shared functions in the peripheral nervous system is called a(n)___________________.
Q6) The part of the brain that integrates sensations to relay to the cerebrum is the ________________________.
Q7) Between the pia mater and the arachnoid membrane is the __________________________,which contains
Q8) The part of the brain that ensures that a movement will stop at the right spot is the ________________________________.
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Q9) The ____________________________ division of the autonomic nervous system decreases the heart rate and constricts the bronchioles to normal.
Chapter 9:The Nervous System-Part B
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the spinal cord (Select all that apply)?
A)The white matter consists of ganglia.
B)The gray matter is shaped like the letter A.
C)It extends from the foramen magnum to the next to last thoracic vertebra.
D)The central canal contains cerebrospinal fluid.
E)Both the meninges and the backbone provide protection from mechanical injury.
F)The ventral horns of the gray matter consist of the cell bodies of motor neurons.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the parts of the cerebrum (Select all that apply)?
A)Learning a sequential task is a function of the parietal lobes.
B)The cutaneous senses are felt and interpreted in the parietal lobes.
C)The hippocampus provides motor impulses for CNS reflexes.
D)The cerebral hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum.
E)The cerebral cortex is the white matter of the hemispheres.
F)The centers for the sense of smell are in the frontal lobes,right above the nose.
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Chapter 9:The Nervous System-Part C
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Q1) Which statement is NOT true of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
A)The PNS consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
B)The autonomic nervous system is part of the PNS.
C)The cells of the PNS are neurons and astrocytes.
D)Sensory and motor neurons are part of the PNS.
Q2) The sympathetic nerves emerge from which parts of the CNS?
A)thoracic and lumbar spinal cord
B)brain and lumbar spinal cord
C)cervical and thoracic spinal cord
D)brain and cervical spinal cord
Q3) Which statement is NOT true of the nervous system?
A)All of the CNS is protected by bone.
B)Nerve tissue consists of neurons and some specialized cells.
C)Peripheral nerves emerge only from the spinal cord.
D)Its functions include sensation,movement,and learning.
Q4) Which statement is NOT true of synapses?
A)Synaptic transmission is only one way.
B)The presynaptic neuron releases the neurotransmitter.
C)The postsynaptic neuron contains an inactivator.
D)The inactivator may send the impulse back across the synapse if necessary.
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Chapter 10:The Senses-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the cutaneous senses (Select all that apply)?
A)Most of the receptors are in the epidermis.
B)The receptors for pain,touch,and temperature are encapsulated nerve endings.
C)The sensitivity of an area of skin depends on how close the receptors are to the surface.
D)Irritating substances in the skin can trigger itch or pain sensations.
E)Adaptation occurs with the senses of touch and pressure.
F)Contrast is an important aspect of cutaneous temperature sense.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the senses of taste and smell (Select all that apply)?
A)The cranial nerves for taste are the glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal.
B)The cranial nerves for smell are the olfactory nerves.
C)The receptors for taste and smell are chemoreceptors.
D)Each olfactory receptor can detect many different vapors.
E)The sensory areas for taste and smell are in the frontal lobes.
F)The sense of smell is largely dependent on the sense of taste.
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Chapter 10:The Senses-Part B
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Q1) The layer of the eyeball that forms the white of the eye is the _____________________.
Q2) The receptors that respond to gravity are located in the ___________________ and ______________________ of the inner ear.
Q3) The part of the eye that contracts to change the shape of the lens is the ____________________________.
Q4) The parts of the eye that refract light rays,in order,are the ____________________,aqueous humor,___________________,and vitreous humor.
Q5) The anterior cavity of the eye contains ________________________,and the posterior cavity contains ___________________________.
Q6) The cutaneous receptors for pain,itch,heat,and cold are ______________________ endings.
Q7) The effect of a previous sensation on a current sensation is called ___________________.
Q8) The ______________________ help the eyelids keep dust out of the eye.
Q9) Arterial pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors are located in the _____________________ arteries and the __________________ arch.
Page 34
Q10) Vitamin A is necessary for vision for the formation of _______________________.
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Chapter 10:The Senses-Part C
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7795
Sample Questions
Q1) The part of the eye where the optic nerve passes through is the:
A)fovea
B)optic disc
C)bipolar disc
D)optic chiasma
Q2) Becoming unaware of a continuing stimulus is called:
A)projection
B)contrast
C)adaptation
D)after-image
Q3) Information from the arterial pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors is used by the ___ to regulate ___.
A)medulla/heart rate and respiration
B)hypothalamus/hunger and thirst
C)medulla/hunger and thirst
D)hypothalamus/heart rate and respiration
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Chapter 11:The Endocrine System-Part A
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7796
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of prostaglandins (Select all that apply)?
A)They are made from the proteins of cell membranes.
B)Like hormones,they are carried in the blood to distant target organs.
C)Some are important for the process of blood clotting.
D)Some are important in pain mechanisms.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of epinephrine and norepinephrine (Select all that apply)?
A)Epinephrine increases heart rate and norepinephrine decreases heart rate.
B)Norepinephrine causes vasoconstriction in the skin and viscera.
C)Epinephrine mimics the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system.
D)The major effect of norepinephrine is to raise blood pressure.
E)Epinephrine stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen by the liver.
F)Both hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex.
G)Both hormones are secreted in stressful situations.
H)Epinephrine causes the bronchioles to dilate.
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Chapter 11:The Endocrine System-Part B
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7797
Sample Questions
Q1) The effect of oxytocin on the uterus is to cause ________________________ for __________________________.
Q2) The target organs of PTH are __________________,_________________,and ___________________.
Q3) When blood pressure decreases,secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by the ________________________________ mechanism.
Q4) The function of aldosterone is to increase renal reabsorption of ___________________ ions and excretion of ____________________ ions.
Q5) The hormone that decreases the blood calcium level is _________________________.
Q6) In women,the two hormones secreted by the corpus luteum are _____________________ and _____________________________.
Q7) In women,the hormone that stimulates ovulation is ___________________ from the ________________________ gland.
Q8) The pancreatic hormone that increases the conversion of glycogen to glucose by the liver is __________________________.
Q9) Prostaglandins are produced by most cells from parts of their ________________________.
Page 38
Q10) The target organs of calcitonin are _________________________.
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Chapter 11:The Endocrine System-Part C
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7798
Sample Questions
Q1) Which endocrine disorder is NOT paired with its proper description?
A)Cushing's syndrome - bones and skin become fragile
B)myxedema - muscular weakness,slow heart rate,weight gain
C)giantism - excessive growth of long bones
D)Addison's disease - high blood pressure and hyperglycemia
Q2) Hormones exert their effects only on cells that have ______ for the hormone on the cell membrane or in the cytoplasm.
A)receptors
B)genes
C)DNA molecules
D)effectors
Q3) In the two-messenger mechanism of the action of protein hormones,the first messenger is the ___,which must bond to a ___ on the cell membrane.
A)receptor/cyclic AMP
B)hormone/receptor
C)receptor/hormone
D)hormone/cyclic AMP
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Chapter 12:Blood-Part A
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of blood viscosity and pH (Select all that apply)?
A)Plasma proteins decrease blood viscosity,so that blood flows smoothly.
B)The normal pH range of blood is 7.35 to 7.45.
C)Blood viscosity contributes to normal blood pressure.
D)Oxygen has a greater effect on blood pH than does carbon dioxide.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of blood disorders (Select all that apply)?
A)Thrombocytopenia is a deficiency of platelets,and may lead to bleeding episodes.
B)Leukemia is an excess of WBCs,but the WBCs are not functional.
C)Anemia is a deficiency of RBCs or of hemoglobin.
D)A deficiency of WBCs is leukocytosis.
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Chapter 12:Blood-Part B
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82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Blood plasma is able to transport waste products because water is a(n)_____________________.
Q2) The primary hemopoietic tissue is _______________________________.
Q3) In RBC formation,iron and protein are necessary nutrients because they become part of __________________________.
Q4) The endothelium of a blood vessel is its ______________________,and it is ___________________,which prevents abnormal clotting.
Q5) The term for a high WBC count is _______________________.
Q6) As a consequence of a mismatched blood transfusion,the most serious damage occurs in the ________________________ because of the circulating ______________________________.
Q7) In the process of chemical clotting,the result of the second stage is ____________________.
Q8) Plasma proteins called alpha and beta globulins are produced by the __________________,and they function as ____________________.
Q9) The kind of WBC that detoxifies foreign proteins is the __________________________.
Q10) The primary consequence of anemia is ____________________.
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Chapter 12:Blood-Part C
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7801
Sample Questions
Q1) If necessary,type AB positive blood may be considered the universal recipient because:
A)it has no antibodies to destroy the donated RBCs
B)the positive Rh factor is not a problem for a recipient
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the recipient's antigens will be diluted
Q2) Carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in the form of ___ in the ___.
A)carbon ions/plasma
B)bicarbonate ions/RBCs
C)carbon ions/RBCs
D)bicarbonate ions/plasma
Q3) Which statement is NOT true of the Rh factor?
A)It is a red blood cell type.
B)An Rh-negative person has no Rh antigen,but does have antibodies in the plasma.
C)An Rh-positive person has the Rh antigen on the RBCs,and no antibodies in the plasma.
D)An Rh-negative person who is given Rh-positive blood will form antibodies to the Rh factor.
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Chapter 13:The Heart-Part A
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10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the nervous regulation of heart rate (Select all that apply)?
A)The cardiac centers are in the medulla of the brain.
B)Only the sympathetic nervous system has nerves to the heart muscle.
C)Heart rate changes in response to changes in blood pressure or blood gas levels.
D)Sympathetic nerve fibers to the heart are part of the vagus nerves.
E)The neurotransmitter norepinephrine decreases heart rate.f.The heart generates its own beat,but the neurotransmitter acetylcholine can increase the rate.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the location and layers of the heart (Select all that apply)?
A)The heart is medial to the lungs and inferior to the diaphragm.
B)The fibrous pericardium is the thickest and outermost pericardial membrane.
C)The parietal and visceral pericardia are mucous membranes.
D)The endocardium lines the heart and prevents friction as the heart beats.
E)The apex of the heart is at the upper right of the mediastinum.
F)The myocardium is the thickest layer of the wall of the heart,and is responsible for contraction.
Q3)
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43
Chapter 13:The Heart-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the cardiac cycle,the most important pumping of blood occurs from the ________________________ to the ________________________.
Q2) The middle layer of the pericardial membranes is the ___________________ pericardium.
Q3) The heart rate is increased by impulses carried by _____________________ nerves.
Q4) The heart is directly superior to the ________________________ and is medial to the _______________________.
Q5) The part of the heart muscle that usually depolarizes first in a heartbeat is the ______________________.
Q6) The term for relaxation of the chambers of the heart is ____________________________.
Q7) The ___________________ valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
Q8) The pulmonary artery takes blood from the ___________ ventricle to the ______________.
Q9) The part of the brain that regulates heart rate is the ______________________.
Q11) The part of the heart that initiates each beat is the Page 44
Q10) The walls of the chambers of the heart are formed by the ___________________________.
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Page 45
Chapter 13:The Heart-Part C
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7804
Sample Questions
Q1) If stroke volume is 75 mL and pulse is 70 bpm,what is cardiac output?
A)5250 mL
B)5350 mL
C)5450 mL
D)5550 mL
Q2) The difference between resting cardiac output and maximum exercise cardiac output is the:
A)cardiac reserve
B)cardiac extra
C)exercise increment
D)exercise adaptation
Q3) The right ventricle pumps blood into the ___,to the ___.
A)aorta/body
B)pulmonary artery/body
C)aorta/lungs
D)pulmonary artery/lungs
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Chapter 14:The Vascular System-Part A
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7805
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of capillaries (Select all that apply)?
A)Their walls are made of simple squamous epithelium.
B)Blood plasma in capillaries becomes tissue fluid by the process of filtration.
C)The process of osmosis returns some tissue fluid to the blood at the venous end of capillaries.
D)The process of filtration brings dissolved nutrients to tissues.
E)The colloid osmotic pressure of blood is created by plasma proteins such as albumin.
F)The flow of blood into a capillary network is regulated by a precapillary sphincter.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of hepatic portal circulation (Select all that apply)?
A)The liver is essential because its two sets of capillaries help regulate blood pressure.
B)Blood from the digestive organs and spleen circulates through the liver before returning to the heart.
C)As blood flows through the liver,excess glucose is stored as glycogen.
D)The liver is a storage site for iron and the water-soluble vitamins.
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Chapter 14:The Vascular System-Part B
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In pulmonary circulation,blood is pumped to the lungs by the _______________________,and returns to the _____________________ of the heart.
Q2) In fetal circulation,blood in the umbilical __________________ has a high level of oxygen,and blood in the umbilical ________________________ has a high level of carbon dioxide.
Q3) An arterial anastomosis provides an alternate pathway for blood to flow to a(n)______________________.
Q4) In fetal circulation,the umbilical vein carries blood from the ___________________ to the ________________________.
Q5) A normal blood pressure is considered to be below ________________________.
Q6) The venous return mechanism that is especially important for the veins in the thoracic cavity is the ________________________________.
Q7) In hepatic portal circulation,blood from the ___________________ and the _______________ flows through the _________________ before returning to the heart.
Q8) The hormone that raises blood pressure by increasing heart rate and force of contraction is ____________________________.
Q9) In capillaries,the process of filtration depends on _________________________. Page 48
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Chapter 14:The Vascular System-Part C
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7807
Sample Questions
Q1) In capillaries,filtration is the process by which:
A)nutrients are brought to tissues
B)waste products are brought into the blood
C)gases are exchanged
D)A and B only
Q2) All of these arteries are branches of the abdominal aorta except the:
A)celiac artery
B)inferior mesenteric artery
C)pericardial arteries
D)lumbar arteries
Q3) Velocity of blood flow is inversely related to the:
A)need for oxygen in tissues
B)length of the part of the vascular system
C)need for nutrients in tissues
D)cross-sectional area of the part of the vascular system
Q4) If the large arteries lose their elasticity,systolic BP will be:
A)lower than normal
B)higher than normal
C)erratic and constantly changing
D)unpredictable
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7808
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the spleen and thymus (Select all that apply)?
A)The spleen is located behind the stomach and is protected by the right lower rib cage.
B)The thymus is located on the back of the trachea above the thyroid gland.
C)The thymus is a source of T lymphocytes,and is the site of maturation for these cells.
D)The spleen is a reservoir for platelets and monocytes.
E)If the spleen must be removed,the liver will help compensate by producing antibodies.
F)The thymus is essential for the development of cell-mediated immunity.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of lymph nodes and lymph nodules (Select all that apply)?
A)Lymph nodules are found in all mucous membranes.
B)Lymph nodes are found along the pathways of lymph vessels.
C)Both nodes and nodules contain macrophages and lymphocytes.
D)The tonsils and Peyer's patches are the lymphatic tissue of the pharynx.
E)Two of the most important paired groups of lymph nodes are the axillary and the inguinal nodes.
F)Within nodes and nodules,antibodies are produced by IG cells.
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Chapter 15:The Lymphatic System and Immunity-Part B
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lymph nodes and nodules contain macrophages to ____________________________,and plasma cells that produce
Q2) The component of immunity that may become more efficient with repeated exposures is _____________________ immunity.
Q3) In adaptive immunity,the __________________ B cells remember a specific foreign antigen.
Q4) In adaptive immunity,the _____________________ T cells remember a specific foreign antigen.
Q5) If the adult spleen must be removed,the organs that will compensate for its functions are the __________________________ and the _______________________.
Q6) Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when a person __________________________.
Q7) Lymph from the lower half and upper left quadrant of the body drains into the
Q8) In adaptive immunity,the process of complement fixation destroys cellular antigens by _______________________.
Q9) Blood plasma becomes tissue fluid by the process of
Q10) In adaptive immunity,the ___________________ T cells activate B cells.
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Chapter 15:The Lymphatic System and Immunity-Part C
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7810
Sample Questions
Q1) An example of artificially acquired active immunity is:
A)a tetanus booster shot
B)the oral polio vaccine
C)the combination measles-mumps-rubella immunization
D)all of these
Q2) In innate immunity,histamine and leukotrienes do all of these except:
A)make capillaries more permeable
B)cause vasodilation
C)inhibit viral reproduction
D)permit the formation of more tissue fluid
Q3) The clumping of bacteria by attached antibodies is called:
A)agglutination
B)complement fixation
C)immunization
D)neutralization
Q4) Which statement is NOT true of innate immunity and adaptive immunity?
A)Innate immune responses are triggered by damage of any kind.
B)T and B lymphocytes are specific for particular foreign antigens.
C)Macrophages are part of both components of immunity.
D)Only innate immunity creates memory.
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Chapter 16:The Respiratory System-Part A
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7811
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of O<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> transport in the blood (Select all that apply)?
A)Most CO<sub>2</sub> is carried in the blood as bicarbonate ions.
B)Most oxygen is carried by the iron in blood plasma.
C)As the pH of tissues decreases,more oxygen is released from hemoglobin.
D)Increased CO<sub>2</sub> in the blood makes the blood pH more alkaline.
E)As the temperature of tissues increases,less oxygen is released from hemoglobin.
F)Too much CO<sub>2</sub> in the blood results in hypoxia.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the nervous regulation of respiration (Select all that apply)?
A)The inspiration and expiration centers are in the medulla.
B)The normal breathing rhythm is regulated by the medulla and midbrain.
C)The smooth muscle of the diaphragm does not require nerve impulses to contract.
D)The inflation reflex increases tidal volume when necessary.
E)The pneumotaxic center in the pons prolongs inhalation.
F)Impulses from the cerebrum,for singing,can override the medulla,but not indefinitely.
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55
Chapter 16:The Respiratory System-Part B
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The partial pressure of a gas in air or a body fluid is a measure of the _____________________ of the gas.
Q2) In external respiration,carbon dioxide diffuses from the _______________________ to the _____________________________.
Q3) The general cause of respiratory alkalosis is a(n)______________________ in breathing rate that results in __________________ CO<sub>2</sub> in the body.
Q4) The bronchioles differ from the bronchi in that there is no ______________________ in their walls and they may _______________________.
Q5) The parts of the pharynx that are passageways for both air and food are the __________________________ and the ____________________________.
Q6) The phrenic nerves carry motor impulses to the ________________________.
Q7) The bones that increase the surface of the nasal mucosa are the _______________________.
Q8) The chemoreceptors that detect a decrease in the blood oxygen level are located in the ___________________________ and the _______________________.
Q9) The airway of the larynx is kept open by ___________________________.
Page 56
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Chapter 16:The Respiratory System-Part C
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7813
Sample Questions
Q1) The parts of the pharynx that are both air and food passageways are the:
A)oropharynx and laryngopharynx
B)laryngopharynx and nasopharynx
C)nasopharynx and oropharynx
D)oropharynx and glossopharynx
Q2) Exercising muscle will receive more oxygen from hemoglobin than will relaxed muscle,because:
A)its PO<sub>2</sub> is low
B)its PCO<sub>2</sub> is high
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and its temperature is higher than usual
Q3) Which statement is NOT true of the alveoli of the lungs?
A)They are surrounded by pulmonary capillaries.
B)Diffusion of gases takes place across only six layers of cells.
C)Tissue fluid lining the alveoli permits the diffusion of gases.
D)Surfactant permits the inflation of alveoli by decreasing their internal surface tension.
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Chapter 17:The Digestive System-Part A
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12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7814
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the locations of the digestive organs (Select all that apply)?
A)The liver is just below the diaphragm,primarily in the upper right quadrant.
B)The parotid salivary glands are below the floor of the mouth.
C)The stomach is posterior to the spleen and inferior to the pancreas.
D)The gallbladder is on the upper surface of the right lobe of the liver.
E)The oropharynx is between the mouth and the esophagus,and is covered by the epiglottis during swallowing.
F)The large intestine turns at the spleen on the right side and at the liver on the left side.
G)The pancreas extends from the lesser curvature of the stomach to the spleen.
H)The ileum is the most superior part of the small intestine,and the duodenum is the most inferior.
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Chapter 17:The Digestive System-Part B
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112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the process of transamination,the liver synthesizes the
Q2) The end products of protein digestion are ________________________.
Q3) Backup of chyme from the small intestine to the stomach is prevented by the ___________________.
Q4) The ____________________ prevents backup of feces from the colon to the small intestine.
Q5) The layer of the alimentary tube that is a serous membrane is the _________________________.
Q6) The liver synthesizes the nonessential amino acids by the process of
Q7) As part of the defecation reflex,the internal anal sphincter will
Q8) The serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is the
Q9) The layer of the alimentary tube that provides peristalsis is the
Q10) Proteins are digested by enzymes from the
Q11) The _______________________ in saliva digests starch to maltose.
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Chapter 17:The Digestive System-Part C
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162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The function of the Kupffer cells of the liver is to:
A)change glucose to glycogen
B)form the essential amino acids
C)phagocytize bacteria
D)excrete excess cholesterol
Q2) The pancreatic enzyme that contributes to protein digestion is:
A)pepsin
B)trypsin
C)protesin
D)none of these
Q3) The function of salivary amylase is to begin the digestion of:
A)fats
B)starches
C)proteins
D)cholesterol
Q4) The part of the colon that is directly inferior to the stomach and liver is the:
A)ascending colon
B)transverse colon
C)descending colon
D)sigmoid colon
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Chapter 18:Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part A
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11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7817
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of heat production (Select all that apply)?
A)The skin is a large organ and produces 30% of the body's total heat.
B)The liver is a large organ and produces 20% of the body's total heat.
C)Heat production is a constant process because ATP production is a constant process.
D)Skeletal muscles produce heat only during exercise.
E)Heat is one of the energy products of cell respiration.
F)The brain is a large organ and produces about 20% of the body's total heat.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of human body temperature (Select all that apply)?
A)The thermostat of the human body is in the cerebrum,the thinking part of the brain.
B)The normal range of human body temperature is 36o to 38oF.
C)Body temperature is usually lowest in the early morning hours.
D)The average person's body temperature fluctuates 3o to 4oF in 24 hours.
E)Most heat comes from cell respiration,which is the production of ATP energy from food molecules.
F)The human thermostat balances heat production and heat loss.
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Chapter 18:Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The normal range of human body temperature in degrees Celsius is __________ to ___________.
Q2) To be used in cell respiration,fatty acid molecules are changed to ______________________.
Q3) Much of the body's heat is produced by active organs,especially the _____________________ and the _____________________.
Q4) In cell respiration,most ATP is formed during the _____________________________ (stage).
Q5) In synthesis reactions,glucose may be used to synthesize ____________________ for storage or the _______________________ sugars.
Q6) Anabolism is the collective term for all of the body's ___________________ reactions.
Q7) In cell respiration,some ATP is formed during ___________________________ (stage).
Q8) A cheeseburger with "everything" consists of 50 grams of carbohydrates,70 grams of protein,and 70 grams of fat,which is _______________ total calories.
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Q9) Metabolic rate is higher in __________________ (men or women)because they have more __________________ tissue.
Chapter 18:Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part C
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130 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7819
Sample Questions
Q1) The stages of cell respiration that take place in the mitochondria of cells are:
A)glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
B)the Krebs cycle and the cytochrome transport system
C)the cytochrome transport system and glycolysis
D)all three stages
Q2) A windy 50°F day feels cooler than a still 50°F day because of the process of:
A)conduction
B)convection
C)evaporation
D)radiation
Q3) Minerals that are directly necessary for the process of cell respiration are:
A)iron and copper
B)copper and sodium
C)sodium and potassium
D)calcium and iron
Q4) The mineral phosphorus is necessary as part of:
A)DNA
B)ATP
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and RNA
64
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Chapter 19:The Urinary System-Part A
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13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of tubular secretion (Select all that apply)?
A)Hydrogen ions may be secreted in response to a decrease in the pH of the blood.
B)The metabolic products of medications may be secreted into the peritubular capillaries.
C)Creatinine is a nitrogenous waste product that may be actively secreted.
D)Tubular secretion takes place from the renal tubules to the peritubular capillaries.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the blood vessels of the kidney (Select all that apply)?
A)Peritubular capillaries surround the renal corpuscle.
B)The renal artery is a direct branch of the abdominal aorta.
C)Blood pressure in the glomeruli is lower than in other capillaries,which is necessary to prevent rupture.
D)The afferent arteriole has a smaller diameter than does the efferent arteriole.
E)The "work" of the kidneys takes place in the two sets of capillaries.
F)The renal vein takes blood to the inferior mesenteric vein.
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65
Chapter 19:The Urinary System-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The renal artery is a branch of the _______________________.
Q2) In the glomerulus,blood pressure is high because the ____________________ arteriole has a smaller diameter than the _________________________ arteriole.
Q3) In the kidney,calyces are part of the __________________________.
Q4) The kidneys respond to increased alkalinity of the blood by retaining more _______________ ions in order to _______________ the pH of the blood.
Q5) The __________________ of the mucosa of the urinary bladder permit expansion of this lining.
Q6) The inner layer of kidney tissue is called the ______________________________.
Q7) In the kidney,urine formation depends upon blood flow from the afferent arteriole to the ________________________,then to the ___________________________________ and ___________________________________.
Q8) Urine is formed from ________________________ by the _____________________ of the kidneys.
Q9) In tubular reabsorption,vitamins are reabsorbed by the process of ____________________.
66
Q10) The nitrogenous waste product that comes from energy production in muscles is
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Chapter 19:The Urinary System-Part C
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The effect of ANP on the kidneys is to:
A)increase the excretion of water only
B)increase the excretion of sodium ions and water
C)decrease the excretion of water only
D)decrease the excretion of sodium ions and water
Q2) The part of the CNS that is directly involved in the urination reflex is the:
A)medulla
B)hypothalamus
C)spinal cord
D)cerebrum
Q3) Which statement is NOT true of the urinary bladder?
A)The detrusor muscle is smooth muscle that contracts to empty the bladder.
B)The trigone is on the floor of the bladder and does not expand.
C)The rugae of the mucosa permit expansion of the lining.
D)The internal urethral sphincter is smooth muscle that contracts to permit urination.
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Chapter 20:Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance-Part
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of acid-base regulation (Select all that apply)?
A)The respiratory system responds to metabolic acidosis by decreasing the breathing rate to conserve CO<sub>2</sub>.
B)The respiratory system is only about 10% effective at correcting a long-term pH imbalance.
C)Respiratory acidosis is caused by anything that decreases the rate or efficiency of breathing.
D)Correction of a long-term pH imbalance depends primarily on the kidneys.
E)The kidneys respond to acidosis by retaining hydrogen ions.
F)If the pH of the blood is 7.5,the blood is slightly alkaline,but physiologically is "too alkaline."
G)A state of acidosis causes increased nerve activity that may progress to seizures.
H)A state of alkalosis causes confusion and impairment of consciousness.
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Chapter 20:Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance-Part B
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Q1) When there is too much water in the body,the secretion of the hormone _________________ decreases,and urinary output __________________.
Q2) The electrolyte that is essential for blood clotting is ________________________.
Q3) By the process of filtration,blood plasma becomes ___________________________.
Q4) The pH-regulating mechanisms,in order from most rapid to slowest,are the ________________,_____________________________,and
Q5) An amino acid acts as an acid in body fluids when the _____________________ group gives off a
Q6) Water within blood vessels is called _________________________.
Q7) Metabolic water is the water produced in the body during ______________________________.
Q8) The movement of water through a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure is called ________________________.
Q10) The second largest source of daily water intake for a person comes from Page 70
Q9) In plasma and tissue fluid,____________________ are significant organic anions.
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Chapter 20:Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance-Part
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Q1) Water found within cells is called:
A)plasma
B)intercellular fluid
C)tissue fluid
D)intracellular fluid
Q2) The concentration of dissolved materials present in a solution is called:
A)osmoreceptors
B)water balance
C)osmosis
D)osmolarity
Q3) Intracellular fluid makes up approximately ___ of the total body fluid,and is found
A)one-fourth/within cells
B)one-third/surrounding cells
C)one-half/surrounding cells
D)two-thirds/within cells
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Chapter 21:The Reproductive Systems-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the testes and male reproductive ducts (Select all that apply)?
A)The testes are located in the scrotum because sperm development requires a temperature lower than 37oC.
B)The ductus deferens carries sperm to the ejaculatory duct on its side.
C)The epididymis passes through the inguinal canal and is the site of maturation of sperm.
D)The rete testis is a network formed by all the ducts of the seminiferous tubules.
E)The paired ejaculatory ducts empty sperm and secretions into the urethra.
F)The membranous urethra is surrounded by the external urethral sphincter.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the menstrual cycle (Select all that apply)?
A)Menstruation is the loss of the functional layer of the endometrium.
B)The average menstrual cycle is 28 days,but may be shorter or longer.
C)The endometrium continues to grow during the luteal phase.
D)The permanent layer of the endometrium is the foundational layer.
E)The loss of the endometrium is stimulated by a decrease in FSh.
F)During the follicular phase,several ovarian follicles begin to develop.
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Chapter 21:The Reproductive Systems-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The urethral and vaginal openings are covered by the __________________________ and the ___________________________.
Q2) The ovaries are located in the __________________ cavity,and are ___________________ to the uterus.
Q3) In the ovary,the hormone that initiates development of an ovum is ____________________.
Q4) The cervix of the uterus opens into the _________________________.
Q5) The menstrual cycle requires FSH and LH from the _________________________ gland,and estrogen and progesterone from the ____________________.
Q6) The female external genital structure that has an important sensory function is the __________________________.
Q7) The labia majora and minora cover the ______________________________.
Q8) In oogenesis,the hormones that are necessary for the production of a mature ovum are ____________________ and ____________________.
Q9) The head of a sperm cell contains the ________________________; the mitochondria provide ______________; and the flagellum provides ________________________.
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Q10) The ____________________________ secrete mucus at the vaginal orifice.
Chapter 21:The Reproductive Systems-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) In women,the secretion of estrogen is stimulated by:
A)FSH
B)LH
C)progesterone
D)all of these
Q2) The hormone that stimulates milk production in the mammary glands is:
A)estrogen
B)progesterone
C)prolactin
D)oxytocin
Q3) The part of the uterus that will become the maternal portion of the placenta is the:
A)ectometrium
B)myometrium
C)endometrium
D)serometrium
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Chapter 22:Human Development and Genetics-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of labor and delivery (Select all that apply)?
A)The hormone oxytocin from the anterior pituitary promotes strong contractions of the myometrium.
B)The uterine cervix dilates during the first stage of labor.
C)The amniotic sac ruptures during the second stage of labor.
D)If the fetus is positioned sideways,the third stage of labor will be prolonged.
E)The placenta is delivered soon after the delivery of the infant.
F)Decreasing progesterone at the end of gestation increases the contractility of the myometrium.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the infant at birth (Select all that apply)?
A)The lungs are expanded by the first breaths and pulmonary circulation increases.
B)The foramen ovale between the ventricles is closed.
C)The ductus arteriosus dilates to help establish pulmonary circulation.
D)After the umbilical cord is cut,the ductus venosus constricts.
E)An Apgar score is an assessment only of the newborn's breathing.
F)A newborn may have slight jaundice,because the liver is not fully mature.
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Chapter 22:Human Development and Genetics-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) Genetics problem: Dad is red-green color blind and Mom is not a carrier.The percent chance that a son will NOT be color blind is ______________,and that a daughter will NOT be a carrier is _____________.
Q2) During pregnancy,the placental hormones that inhibit ovulation are _____________________ and ___________________________.
Q3) After birth,the baby's _______________________ constricts,which prevents blood from flowing into the aorta and thereby allows more blood to flow to the ____________________.
Q4) The embryonic membrane that has villi to provide for the nourishment of the early embryo is the _________________________.
Q5) During the ________________ stage of labor,the baby is delivered.
Q6) The placental hormone that maintains the corpus luteum during early pregnancy is ______________________________.
Q7) In the embryo,the liver and lungs are derived from the _______________________.
Q8) The human ___________________ has _____________ chromosomes,and is formed by the union of egg and sperm.
Q10) The sex chromosomes in women are called _______________. Page 77
Q9) The possibilities for the expression of a gene are called _____________________.
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Chapter 22:Human Development and Genetics-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) For the embryo,the yolk sac:
A)provides a cushion
B)forms the first blood cells
C)provides nourishment
D)forms the fetal portion of the placenta
Q2) A person who is heterozygous for a particular trait has:
A)an extra gene (allele)
B)two similar genes (alleles)
C)only one gene (allele)
D)two different genes (alleles)
Q3) Genetics problem: Mom is a carrier of red-green color blindness and Dad is red-green color-blind.What is the chance that their son will be color-blind?
A)0%
B)50%
C)75%
D)100%
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Chapter 1:An Introduction to Microbiology and Human
Disease-Part A
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sweeping of ciliated epithelium normally prevents pathogens from reaching the: A)stomach
B)liver
C)skin
D)lungs
Q2) A disease such as salmonella,which is acquired from contaminated food,is called:
A)communicable
B)contagious
C)noncommunicable
D)gustatory
Q3) Which statement is NOT true of disease terminology?
A)An acute infection often has a rapid onset.
B)A self-limiting infection lasts a predictable period of time.
C)A chronic infection is often long lasting.
D)An endogenous infection is one that is acquired from food.
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Chapter 1:An Introduction to Microbiology and Human
Disease-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) An infection that is caused by the patient's own flora in an abnormal site is called a(n)____________________________ infection.
Q2) A person who recovers from a disease but continues to shed the pathogen is called a(n)________________________.
Q3) When a disease spreads to several countries,it is said to be ____________________________.
Q4) Anaerobic bacteria are those that cannot reproduce when _______________________________.
Q5) Intestinal pathogens are usually spread by the ___________________________ route.
Q6) A disease such as tetanus,which cannot be spread from one host to another,is considered _______________________________.
Q7) If a disease has become epidemic,this means that there are ________________________________.
Q8) The respiratory tract limits the intake of airborne pathogens because of its _________________ epithelium.
Q9) A disease such as Lyme disease,which is spread from host to host by a vector,is considered _____________________________. Page 81
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Chapter 1:An Introduction to Microbiology and Human
Disease-Part C
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of bacteria (Select all that apply)?
A) Bacterial DNA is always in pairs of circular chromosomes.
B) The chemical structure of the cell wall of bacteria is the basis for the Gram stain.
C) A bacterial capsule inhibits phagocytosis by white blood cells.
D) Bacterial flagella permit attachment to a host cell.
E) Many bacterial toxins are enzymes the bacteria use to obtain food.
F) A bacterial spore is a reproductive structure that produces four bacteria from one.
G) Coccus is to sphere as bacillus is to square.
H) Anaerobic bacteria do not reproduce in the absence of oxygen.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of vectors and the diseases they spread (Select all that apply)?
A)The human body louse is the vector of typhoid fever.
B)Mosquitoes are vectors of malaria and yellow fever.
C)Vectors spread disease when they bite humans or other warm-blooded animals.
D)The deer tick is the vector of Lyme disease and West Nile encephalitis.
E)Fleas are vectors of bubonic plague,epidemic typhus,and sleeping sickness.
F)The vector of a pathogen may be an essential part of the life cycle of that pathogen.
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