Health Sciences: Lifespan Development Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Health Sciences: Lifespan Development explores the biological, psychological, and social changes that occur throughout the human lifespan, from conception to late adulthood. This course examines key developmental theories, critical milestones, and factors that influence growth and development at various life stages. Emphasis is placed on understanding normal patterns of physical, cognitive, and emotional development, as well as the impact of health behaviors, environmental influences, and cultural diversity on individual and population health across the lifespan. The knowledge gained serves as a foundation for professionals working in health sciences and related fields, enabling them to better support individuals' health and well-being throughout all stages of life.
Recommended Textbook Life Span Human Development 7th Edition by
Carol K. Sigelman
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3465 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Understanding Life-Span Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Vue is a developmental psychologist who is concerned with helping adolescents learn to deal constructively with divorce. Her work focuses primarily on which goal of developmental psychology?
A)Prediction
B)Optimization
C)Explanation
D)Description
Answer: B
Q2) Random assignment of participants occurs in all quasi-experimental designs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The category of "teenager" best exemplifies an age
A)effect.
B)coefficient.
C)analysis.
D)grade.
Answer: D
Q4) In a _____ design, a single cohort group is assessed repeatedly over time. Answer: longitudinal
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Chapter 2: Theories of Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reinforcement
A)strengthens the likelihood that a behavioral response will occur in the future.
B)weakens the likelihood that a behavioral response will occur in the future.
C)strengthens a desired response while weakening an undesired response.
D)weakens a desired response while strengthening an undesired response.
Answer: A
Q2) Discontinuity theorists believe that development involves primarily quantitative changes in human behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Twenty-eight-year-old Serge is a typical young adult. As such, Erikson would suggest that Sergi is most concerned about A)dying young.
B)the shame he experienced as a toddler.
C)finding a job.
D)establishing an intimate long-term love relationship.
Answer: D
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4
Chapter 3: Genes, Environment, and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is LEAST likely to have a chromosomal abnormality?
A)Tom, who has a total of 22 pairs of chromosomes
B)Dick, who has a total of 23 pairs of chromosomes
C)Harry, who has a total of 24 pairs of chromosomes
D)Sally, who has a total of 25 pairs of chromosomes
Answer: B
Q2) Michael is color blind. Whose genes caused this to happen?
A)Only his father's genes
B)Only his mother's genes
C)Either of his parents' genes could have caused this
D)Neither parent's genes, as color blindness is not inherited
Answer: B
Q3) Following mitosis, each daughter cell has _____ number of chromosomes as the mother cell had.
A)half of the B)twice the C)four times the D)the same
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Prenatal Development and Birth
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ test is a 10-point assessment often given to newborns.
Q2) I am the hollow ball of cells formed in the days just after conception. Technically, I am referred to as the
A)blastocyst.
B)embryo.
C)uvula.
D)chorion.
Q3) When baby Hughie was put down for his afternoon nap, he seemed in good health. While sleeping, Hughie's breathing stopped and he died. What is the best explanation for Hughie's death?
A)AIDS
B)PKU
C)FAS
D)SIDS
Q4) Who is at the optimal age for having an elective C-section?
A)Teri, who is 35 weeks pregnant
B)Marcia, who is 37 weeks pregnant
C)Eva, who is 39 weeks pregnant
D)Felicity, who is 41 weeks pregnant
Q5) The _____ is a fluid filled membrane that protects the embryo.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Health and Physical Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The defining feature of a survival reflex is that it
A)has clear adaptive value.
B)is linked to eating.
C)is learned in the first three months after birth.
D)does not fade with age.
Q2) Puberty is best defined as a
A)social process resulting in adult-like thinking.
B)biological process resulting in adult-like thinking.
C)social process resulting in the ability to produce a child.
D)biological process resulting in the ability to produce a child.
Q3) Accidents are the leading cause of death in childhood
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is the best definition of a reflex?
A)A behavior that has been repeated over and over
B)An automatic response to stimulus
C)A voluntary muscle movement
D)The first type of sense developed after birth
Q5) The average age at which children show mastery of some ability is called the _____ norm.
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Chapter 6: Sensation, Perception, and Attention
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Sample Questions
Q1) Newborns appear to be able to recognize the voices of both their mother and father.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The fact that infants' attention seems to involve reacting to environmental stimulation (i.e., an item catches their attention) rather than being deliberately focused, illustrates the concept of a(n) _____ system.
A)dynamic
B)orienting
C)fail-safe
D)intentional
Q3) Intuitive theorists believe that infants are born with organized systems of knowledge.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Statistically, who is least likely (per mile driven) to be in an accident?
A)Teenage drivers
B)Middle-aged drivers
C)Elderly drivers
D)Very old drivers
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Four-year-old Jackie often mutters to herself as she builds things with her blocks. Her utterances (e.g., "the blue one goes first") seem to be a running dialogue of her actions that are guiding her behavior. Vygotsky referred to this activity as _____ speech.
A)private
B)social
C)egocentric
D)telegraphic
Q2) What are the zone of proximal development, guided participation, and scaffolding, and how are they related?
Q3) Gustav was born and raised in a small fishing village in Sweden. Vygotsky would argue that this experience will
A)impact both how he thinks and what he thinks about.
B)impact how he thinks but not what he thinks about.
C)impact what he thinks about but not how he thinks.
D)have no impact on this cognitive development.
Q4) Describe how the organization, adaptation, assimilation, accommodation, and equilibration contribute to the development of intellect.
Q5) The tendency to view the world solely from your own perspective is called _____.
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Chapter 8: Memory and Information Processing
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Sample Questions
Q1) On a(n) ____ memory task, a person trying to remember some information is given a hint but not the entire answer.
A)episodic
B)implicit
C)recall
D)cued-recall
Q2) Research comparing elderly hearing Americans, deaf Americans, and hearing Chinese demonstrated the effect that _____ can have on memory performance.
A)genetics
B)diet
C)negative stereotypes
D)disabilities
Q3) A utilization deficiency is best described as
A)not producing a strategy but benefiting from guessing.
B)not producing a strategy but benefiting from strategies you are taught.
C)producing a strategy but not benefiting from its use.
D)producing a strategy and benefiting from its use.
Q4) Memories for general facts are referred to as _____ memory.
Q5) What factors contribute to expertise in adulthood?
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Chapter 9: Intelligence and Creativity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on wisdom suggests that
A)most adults are considered to possess wisdom.
B)only adults with expertise or experience display wisdom.
C)personality and intelligence have little to do with wisdom.
D)age predicts wisdom.
Q2) The Bayley DQ score does a good job of predicting later school grades.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Research on changes in intellectual abilities during adulthood indicates that
A)fluid and crystallized intelligence decline at the same rate.
B)fluid intelligence declines earlier and more quickly than crystallized intelligence.
C)crystallized intelligence declines earlier and more quickly than fluid intelligence.
D)crystallized and fluid intelligence fluctuate up and down throughout the entire lifespan.
Q4) A stimulating home environment is one of the best predictors of a child having a high IQ.
A)True
B)False
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11
Chapter 10: Language and Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) Economist Roland Fryer Jr. attempted to determine whether _____ could be used to raise students' standardized test scores.
A)monetary rewards
B)new school facilities
C)more highly trained teachers
D)cognitive-enhancing medications
Q2) The reading disorder in which the word "saw" is read as "was" is called _____.
Q3) Word segmentation is best defined as the number of A)letters in a word.
B)distinct sounds in a word.
C)distinct words in a sentence.
D)sentences in a paragraph.
Q4) Chomsky proposed the existence of a LAD or _____ device that allows children to master language with greater ease.
Q5) Metalinguistic awareness is best defined as A)vocabulary size.
B)rules for appropriately using language in social settings.
C)knowledge of language as a system.
D)an innate system for understanding language.
Q6) When a child uses a word too broadly, he or she is committing an error of _____.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Self and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Ashley's model, a month or so after retirement, most workers are in the _____ phase.
A)honeymoon
B)reorientation
C)preretirement
D)disenchantment
Q2) Three-month-old Gerber is eating strained peas for the very first time. Despite the fact that this is a new experience, Gerber appears quite happy with her meal. With regard to temperament, Gerber is best classified as A)easy.
B)difficult.
C)slow-to-warm-up.
D)resistant.
Q3) Self-esteem refers an overall evaluation of your worth.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Behavioral inhibition is the tendency to be shy and restrained.
A)True
B)False
Q5) McCrae and Costa developed the _____ trait theory of personality.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Gender Roles and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gutmann suggested that parents tend to adopt different roles when raising children, in a process he called the parental _____.
Q2) What is the best conclusion about psychological differences between the sexes?
A)Males and females are far more similar than different.
B)Gender stereotypes that are not supported by research can have no effect on actual behavioral or psychological differences between males and females.
C)Most gender-role stereotypes have been eliminated in our society.
D)When differences are found between males and females, it means that nearly all members of one gender perform better or worse than nearly all members of the other gender.
Q3) Shawn and Dawn are a typical U.S. couple. What makes them a little unusual is that Dawn works outside the home while Shawn is a stay-at-home dad. Research has indicated that Shawn and Dawn most likely
A)divide their at-home labor responsibilities along traditional lines.
B)divide their at-home labor responsibilities along gender-neutral lines.
C)divide their at-home labor responsibilities in direct opposition traditional lines.
D)do not divide their at-home labor responsibilities.
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Chapter 13: Social Cognition and Moral Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The affect aspect of morality focuses on what a person
A)thinks.
B)does.
C)knows.
D)feels.
Q2) Regarding moral development in adulthood, which is true?
A)Moral development in older males progresses at a faster rate than in older females.
B)Moral reasoning deteriorates significantly in old age.
C)The majority of older adults are preconventional thinkers.
D)Postconventional thinking emerges only during adulthood.
Q3) Research on antisocial behavior has shown that
A)most antisocial teens grow up to be antisocial adults.
B)juvenile delinquents are more likely than other peers to be conventional thinkers.
C)early-onset aggressive children tend to not display significant antisocial behavior until early adulthood.
D)aggressive youth tend to show less empathy.
Q4) Describe Piaget's view of moral development.
Q5) Spanking is an excellent example of the power _____ form of discipline.
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Chapter 14: Attachment and Social Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do attachment styles and internal working models influence behavior in adulthood?
Q2) Greg and his infant daughter Dharma recently participated in a research study at the local college campus. Greg's simplified description of the study is "dad and baby together, baby by itself, someone else with baby, and then dad back with baby." Based on this description, you would be correct in assuming that Greg had participated in a studying using the _____ procedure.
A)habituation
B)dichotomous listening
C)incidental learning
D)strange situation
Q3) Why are internal working models important in the attachment process?
A)They are one of the few known genetic components of attachments.
B)They are the only anti-conformity element of an attachment.
C)They are the key behavioral component of attachments.
D)They are a key mechanism that allows early experience to impact later behavior.
Q4) What are the basic categories of peer acceptance and popularity? How does peer acceptance influence behavior?
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Page 16
Chapter 15: The Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nuclear family consists of
A)the siblings in a family.
B)mother, father, and one or more children.
C)grandparents, parents, and offspring.
D)one's family "tree."
Q2) How many of the following (noise pollution, unsafe conditions, family instability) can negatively contribute to a child's development?
A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
Q3) What is the evolutionary-based explanation for sibling rivalry?
A)Competition for the limited parental resources
B)Natural sexual tension between close relatives
C)A kinship-violence gene
D)There is none, as evolutionary theorists reject the notion of sibling rivalry
Q4) What are the issues associated with the middle generation squeeze? How can the associated problem of caregiver burden be reduced?
Q5) The sandwich generation is also referred to as the _____ squeeze.
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Chapter 16: Developmental Psychopathology
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Sample Questions
Q1) When television was introduced to the island of Fiji,
A)normally thin girls developed the strong desire to gain weight.
B)normally thin boys developed the strong desire to gain weight.
C)girls who had seen a plump body as a status symbol developed the strong desire to lose weight.
D)boys who had seen a plump body as a status symbol developed the strong desire to lose weight.
Q2) The cascade model of substance abuse suggests that one factor (e.g., exposure to harsh parenting) can influence the next (e.g., the development of aggressive behavioral problems).
A)True
B)False
Q3) The final step in the cascade model of substance abuse involves
A)having a parent who abuses drugs.
B)being in a deviant peer group in which one is reinforced for drug use.
C)peer rejection at school.
D)frustrated parents giving up trying to monitor or supervise the behavior of a deviant child.
Q4) Differentiate between dementia and delirium? Why is the distinction so important?
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Chapter 17: The Final Challenge: Death and Dying
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Sample Questions
Q1) After her husband dies, Hannah finds herself unable to sleep and very preoccupied with thoughts of her husband and the events surrounding his death. Hannah is best described as experiencing what Parkes/Bowlby referred to as A)yearning.
B)numbness.
C)reorganization.
D)disorganization and despair.
Q2) The term _____ is used to discuss the fact that death is inevitable and happens to all living beings.
Q3) _____ programs, which are part of the palliative care movement, emphasize "caring" over "curing" when dealing with dying individuals.
Q4) Which of the following is an example of passive euthanasia?
A)Giving a terminally ill patient a lethal dose of drugs
B)Permitting a terminally ill patient to give him/herself a lethal dose of drugs
C)Removing a patient who is brain dead and in an irreversible coma from a respirator
D)Smothering a terminally ill patient to death at his request
Q5) The DNA section at the tip of a chromosome that does not replicate is called the _____.
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