Health Sciences Fundamentals
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Health Sciences Fundamentals provides an overview of the core concepts and principles that form the foundation of the health sciences field. This course introduces students to topics such as human anatomy and physiology, public health, health care systems, disease prevention, ethical considerations, and the social determinants of health. Through a blend of theoretical knowledge and practical applications, students develop an understanding of the roles and responsibilities of various health professions, as well as the impact of health sciences on individuals and communities. The course prepares students to pursue further studies or careers in health-related disciplines by establishing essential scientific literacy and a framework for health promotion and disease prevention.
Recommended Textbook
Medical Terminology for Health Professions 7th Edition by Ann Ehrlich\Simplified Syllabus Course
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Terminology
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Q1) A/An ____________________ is the surgical creation of an artificial opening between the colon and the body surface.
Answer: colostomy
Q2) endarterial
A)any disease of the stomach
B)frequent watery stools
C)pertaining to the lining of an artery
D)swelling
E)formation of pus
Answer: C
Q3) The term ____________________ means pertaining to birth.
Answer: natal
Q4) The abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries is known as ____________________.
Answer: arteriosclerosis
Q5) The medical term ____________________ describes any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord.
Answer: myelopathy
Q6) The rupture of a muscle is known as ____________________.
Answer: myorrhexis
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Chapter 2: The Human Body in Health and Disease
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Q1) The ____________________ holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity.
Answer: peritoneum
Q2) Sweat glands are ____________________ glands that secrete chemical substances into ducts.
Answer: exocrine
Q3) -ologist
A)cell
B)out of
C)specialist
D)tissue
E)within
Answer: C
Q4) anterior
A)back of the body or organ
B)farthest from the midline
C)nearer the midline
D)situated in the back
E)situated in the front
Answer: E
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Chapter 3: The Skeletal System
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Q1) A/An ____________________ is a malignant tumor composed of blood-forming tissues of the bone marrow.
Answer: myeloma
Q2) Fibrous ____________________ is a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with scarlike tissue. Answer: dysplasia
Q3) The term ____________________ describes the surgical suturing,or wiring together,of bones.
Answer: osteorrhaphy
Q4) A percutaneous ____________________ is a minimally invasive procedure that is performed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures of the spine.
Answer: vertebroplasty
Q5) A/An ____________________ is a specialist who diagnoses and treats disorders of the foot.
Answer: podiatrist
Q6) The ____________________ are the bony structure units of the spinal column.
Answer: vertebrae
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Chapter 4: The Muscular System
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Q1) dyskinesia
A)abnormally increased motor function or activity
B)condition of abnormal muscle tone
C)distortion of voluntary movement as a spasm
D)excessive tone of skeletal muscles
E)extreme slowness in movement
Q2) The surgical suturing of a muscle wound is known as ____________________.
Q3) tax/o
A)coordination
B)rupture
C)tendon
D)three
E)tone,tension,stretching
Q4) The medical term ____________________ means abnormally decreased motor function or activity.
Q5) A/An ____________________ is a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation.
Q6) The term ____________________ means slanted or at an angle.
Q7) The medical term ____________________ means diminished tone of the skeletal muscles.
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Chapter 5: The Cardiovascular System
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Q1) pernicious anemia
A)abnormally few formed blood elements
B)abnormally few red blood cells
C)inadequate number of circulating erythrocytes
D)lack of the protein required to absorb the vitamins necessary for the formation of red blood cells
E)larger-than-normal red blood cells
Q2) In case of an emergency,a/an ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm.
Q3) A/An ____________________ is a medication administered to rid the body of excess sodium and water.
Q4) thrombus
A)blood clot attached to the interior wall of a blood vessel
B)abnormal condition of having a blood clot on the interior wall of a blood vessel
C)blocking of an artery by a blood clot
D)foreign object circulating in the blood
E)sudden blockage of a blood vessel
Q5) The term ____________________ means to stop or control bleeding.
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Chapter 6: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems
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Q1) The bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters are known as ____________________.
Q2) -plasm
A)eat,swallow
B)formation
C)lymph vessel
D)new or strange
E)tumor
Q3) A/An ____________________ is any substance that the body regards as being foreign.
Q4) _________________________ is a diagnostic test to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels.
Q5) A/An ____________________ is an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi.
Q6) immunoglobulins
A)bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response
B)fight viruses by slowing or stopping their multiplication
C)signal between immune system cells in the antigen-antibody response
D)white blood cells that surround and kill invading cells
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E)white blood cells specialized to attack specific antigens
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Chapter 7: The Respiratory System
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Q1) The medical term ____________________ is an abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs.
Q2) A/An ____________________ is medical equipment that dispenses doses of medication in the form of a mist.
Q3) laryngoscopy
A)inflammation of the larynx
B)paralysis of the larynx
C)specialist in disorders of the lungs
D)surgical removal of the larynx
E)visual examination of the larynx with a laryngoscope
Q4) A/An ____________________ is a medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing.
Q5) A/An ____________________ ____________________ is an external monitor to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood.
Q6) _________________________ respiration is an alternating pattern of slow breathing,the absence of breathing,and rapid breathing.
Q7) Commonly known as shortness of breath,the medical term ____________________ describes difficult or labored breathing.
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Chapter 8: The Digestive System
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Q1) A/An ____________________ tube is the surgical placement of a feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach.
Q2) The medical term ____________________ describes extreme,persistent vomiting.
Q3) The condition of weighing two or three times,or more,than the ideal weight is known as ____________________ ____________________.
Q4) anorexia nervosa
A)eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight
B)eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating
C)excessive body fat
D)medical specialty concerned with preventing obesity
E)physical wasting away due to diseases such as AIDS
Q5) The surgical repair of the rectum is known as ____________________.
Q6) emesis
A)also known as indigestion
B)also known as vomiting
C)difficulty in swallowing
D)inflammation of diverticula
E)the presence of diverticula
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Q7) The term ____________________ describes bleeding from any part of the mouth.
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Chapter 9: The Urinary System
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Q1) glomerul/o
A)bladder
B)complete,through C)enlargement,stretching
D)glomerulus
E)hernia,tumor,cyst
Q2) ____________________ is the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function by surgery or other methods.
Q3) ____________________ is the inability to control excretory functions.
Q4) Commonly referred to as the PSA,the ____________________-____________________ antigen test is used to screen for prostate cancer.
Q5) -cele
A)bladder
B)complete,through C)enlargement,stretching
D)glomerulus
E)hernia,tumor,cyst
Q6) ____________________ _________________________ is the placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision just above the pubic bone.
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Chapter 10: The Nervous System
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Q1) Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the spine is known as ____________________ ____________________.
Q2) The lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness,drowsiness,and apathy is known as ____________________.
Q3) anesthetist
A)congenital herniation of the meninges through the skull or spinal column
B)inflammation of the meninges
C)inflammation of the spinal cord or bone marrow
D)medical professional,other than an MD,specializing in administering anesthesia
E)medication producing the absence of normal sensitivity to pain
Q4) concussion
A)abnormally increased cerebrospinal fluid within the brain
B)deep state of unconsciousness
C)excessive sensitivity to stimuli
D)fear of having a serious illness despite medical reassurance
E)violent jarring of the brain
Q5) A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium is known as ____________________.
Q6) The medical term ____________________ means inflammation of the brain.
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Chapter 11: Special Senses: the Eyes and Ears
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Q1) adnexa
A)accessory structures of an organ
B)any error of refraction
C)condition in which the pupils are unequal in size
D)dimness of vision
E)lack of focus due to uneven curvatures of the cornea
Q2) periorbital edema
A)changes in the eyes that occur with aging
B)hearing loss associated with aging
C)ringing,buzzing,or roaring sound in the ears
D)swelling surrounding the eyes
E)whirling,dizziness,and the loss of balance
Q3) A/An ____________________ is a noncancerous growth that can grow large enough to distort vision.
Q4) otomycosis
A)ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear
B)bleeding from the ear
C)flow of pus from the ear
D)fungal infection of the auditory canal
E)inflammation of the middle ear
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Chapter 12: The Integumentary System
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Q1) The medical term ____________________ means profuse sweating.
Q2) ____________________ is an autoimmune disorder resulting in whitish areas of skin usually on the face and hands.
Q3) The general term ____________________ is used to describe small knotlike swellings of granulation tissue in the epidermis.
Q4) erythr/o
A)life
B)hairy
C)red
D)skin
E)sweat
Q5) ____________________ ____________________ is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a red,scaly rash on the face and upper trunk.
Q6) scabies
A)a fungal infection of a nail
B)also known prickly heat
C)an infestation with the itch mite
D)overproduction of sebum
E)spontaneous bruises 2 to 10 millimeters in diameter
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Chapter 13: The Endocrine System
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Q1) somat/o
A)body
B)many
C)pituitary
D)thymus,soul
E)thyroid
Q2) glyc/o
A) adrenal glands
B) extremities
C) sugar
D) thirst
E) to secrete
Q3) ____________________ ____________________ is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion,insulin action,or both.
Q4) The hormone ____________________ increases the amount of glucose by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose for release into the bloodstream.
Q5) ____________________ thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue.
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Chapter 14: The Reproductive Systems
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Q1) A/An ______________________________ is a specialized radiographic examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
Q2) Transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all is known as ____________________.
Q3) hydrocele
A)direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes
B)fluid-filled sac in the scrotum
C)presence of blood in the seminal fluid
D)small menstrual flow during a shortened menstrual period
E)surgical removal of the uterus
Q4) A/An _________________________ is a procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized male.
Q5) -gravida
A)cervix
B)female
C)pregnant
D)uterus
E)vagina
Q6) The medical term ____________________ is commonly known as male menopause.
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Chapter 15: Diagnostic Procedures and Pharmacology
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Q1) -scope
A)direct visual examination
B)radiation
C)sound
D)urine
E)visual examination instrument
Q2) ____________________ is the examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements.
Q3) hypothermia
A)abnormally low body temperature
B)extremely high fever
C)the presence of blood in the urine
D)the presence of glucose in the urine
E)the presence of ketones in the urine
Q4) The term ____________________ describes the administration of medication by injection through a hypodermic syringe.
Q5) ____________________ ____________________ uses a thin fan-shaped x-ray beam that rotates around the patient to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body.
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Chapter 16: Word Parts
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Q1) ____ anemia is characterized by red blood cells that are larger than normal.
A) Aplastic
B) Hemolytic
C) Megaloblastic
D) Pernicious
Q2) Which imaging system combines tomography with radionuclide tracers?
A) fluoroscopy
B) magnetic resonance imaging
C) positron emission tomography
D) ultrasonography
Q3) The suffix ____ means surgical fixation.
A) -desis
B) -lysis
C) -pexy
D) -ptosis
Q4) The medical term for itching is ____.
A) perineum
B) pruritus
C) purulent
D) purpura
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Chapter 17: Abbreviations
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Q1) What is the crackling sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together?
A) bruit
B) hallux valgus
C) syncope
D) crepitation
Q2) An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space that causes the lung to collapse is known as ____.
A) hemothorax
B) pleural effusion
C) pneumothorax
D) pyothorax
Q3) The medical term used to describe all the diseases of the heart muscle is ____.
A) carditis
B) cardiomalacia
C) cardiomyopathy
D) cardiosclerosis
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