Health Sciences Exam
Review
Course Introduction
Health Sciences is an interdisciplinary field that explores the biological, social, and behavioral factors influencing health, wellness, and disease in individuals and communities. This course examines topics such as human anatomy and physiology, principles of epidemiology, healthcare systems, disease prevention, nutrition, and the impact of lifestyle choices on overall well-being. Students will gain a foundational understanding of medical terminology, health promotion strategies, and ethical considerations in healthcare, preparing them for diverse roles within the health sector or further study in specialized health-related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook
Lifespan Development 6th Edition by Denise Boyd
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19 Chapters
2268 Verified Questions
2268 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts and Methods
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20644
Sample Questions
Q1) What term is used to describe changes in thinking, memory, problem solving, and other intellectual skills?
A) Psychological domain
B) Physical domain
C) Cognitive domain
D) Social domain
Answer: C
Q2) Briefly define the term culture.
Answer: no universal definition; typically includes common meanings; customs; values attitudes; goals etc.
Q3) What is the term that Arnold Gesell used to describe genetically programmed sequential patterns of change such as puberty or menopause?
A) Maturation
B) Growth
C) Social clock
D) Age norms
Answer: A
Q4) Correlational research does not allow us to show ________ relationships. Answer: causal
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Chapter 2: Theories of Development
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is credited with introducing the term operant conditioning?
A) Albert Bandura
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Erik Erikson
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is the best example of extinction?
A) You change to a different slot machine because the one that you've been playing doesn't pay very often.
B) You stop buying lottery tickets until the jackpot is greater than $10 million.
C) You stop buying lottery tickets after spending several hundred dollars and never winning.
D) You purchase mega bucks tickets instead of regular lottery tickets because the odds of winning are greater.
Answer: C
Q3) ________ studies animals in their natural environment.
Answer: Ethology
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4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Under what circumstance(s) will a recessive gene be expressed?
A) When the gene is carried on the Y chromosome
B) When the gene is from the mother
C) When it is paired with another recessive gene for the same trait
D) When it is carried on the X chromosome
Answer: C
Q2) In the absence of sperm, what happens to the ovum after ovulation?
Answer: It travels from the ovary through the fallopian tube, into the uterus, and is expelled with menstruation.
Q3) Children born to Japanese mothers who were pregnant during the bombing of Hiroshima displayed varying effects of disorders after birth. This variation can be explained in terms of ________ periods of development.
Answer: critical
Q4) There is no scientific evidence that hypnobirthing is as effective as giving a mother a(n) ________ during delivery.
Answer: epidural
Q5) At what period during gestation will a palate abnormality likely develop if the fetus is exposed to teratogens?
Answer: sometime between 7 and 8 weeks
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Chapter 4: Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dishabituation is best described by which of the following?
A) Responding to a familiar stimulus as if it was new
B) Focusing on a stimulus that has not been successfully reinforced
C) Focusing on a stimulus that has not been completely conditioned
D) The transition to preoperational thought
Q2) Attention is regulated by the which of the following structures?
A) Reticular formation
B) Spinal cord
C) Temporal lobe
D) Hypothalamus
Q3) Which of the following is true of the research conducted by Steiner regarding the taste abilities of infants?
A) Most cannot distinguish between the five basic flavors: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami.
B) He conducted his research by feeding infants various unfamiliar flavors of waters.
C) He drew pictures of the facial expressions of infants as they reacted to different tastes or flavors.
D) Children born in non-Asian countries cannot taste umami.
Q4) Why do newborns recognize their mother's voice before anyone else's?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After watching The Sensorimotor Stage, describe the stages of development discussed in the video.
Q2) When Marta is holding her infant daughter, she speaks to her using a soft sing-song type of speech. This is referred to as ________ by developmentalists.
Q3) A child's understanding of the nature of objects, their properties, and how they work is called ________.
Q4) Briefly describe Spelke's research regarding object concept. What does her research show?
Q5) The innate language processor that some theorists believe children are born with is called the ________.
Q6) If an infant is babbling and accidentally babbles something that sounds like a real word, the child's parents show interest and encouragement. That encouragement reinforces the child's "accidental word," leading to further attempts to form such words. This example demonstrates which of the following views of language development?
A) Naturalist
B) Behaviorist
C) Interactionist
D) Nativist
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Chapter 6: Social and Personality Development in Infancy
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Another name for the objective self is ________.
Q2) For children younger than 2, the teacher/child ration should be no higher than _____.
A) 1:2
B) 1:3
C) 1:4
D) 1:6
Q3) Explain what is meant by stability of attachment. Summarize the factors and the research findings that contribute to stability of attachment.
Q4) At what age do self-conscious emotions typically arise?
A) 18 months
B) 30 months
C) 34 months
D) 36 months
Q5) Which of the following is a recognized category of attachment?
A) Formalized
B) Unstructured
C) Chaotic
D) Insecure/ambivalent
Q6) What is Freud's view of the relationship between a mother and young infant?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does your book suggest about children's eating habits?
A) If a child shows little appetite, allow him to eat his favorite foods for a while -- even if they are sweets.
B) Parents should set a regular pattern for meals and insist the child eat everything on her plate as a way of trying new things.
C) Parents of young children should keep a daily food diary until the child is about 3 years old.
D) Allow the child's appetite to guide to how much food he eats.
Q2) Which of Piaget's stages is characterized by symbolic representation and egocentrism?
A) Postformal
B) Formal operational
C) Sensorimotor
D) Preoperational
Q3) At about what age do children begin to prefer rule-governed or formal games?
A) By age two
B) By age three or four
C) By age five or six
D) From nine to twelve years of age
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Social and Personality Development in Early Childhood
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe empathy and its development in children.
Q2) According to Freud, which of the following plays a key role in children's development of a gender role concept and a sex role?
A) Metacognition
B) Modeling
C) Reinforcement
D) Identification
Q3) Parents are more likely to discourage cross-gender behavior in ________ than in
Q4) According to Koenig, Cicchetti & Rogosch (2004), what is likely to happen to a child who does not have a warm trusting relationship with their parents?
A) They will not develop moral emotions.
B) They will have low self-esteem.
C) They will not develop a social self.
D) They will not develop an emotional self.
Q5) What personality trait correlates with altruism in young children?
Q6) Children who are able to classify other people into groups such as "people who are nice" and "people who are mean" are demonstrating ________.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why would a group of preoperational children find magic tricks uninteresting?
A) Because they do not have the cognitive ability to make sense of the tricks.
B) Because they understand that the tricks are fake.
C) Because they don't understand natural laws.
D) Because they are more attracted to activities that include movement.
Q2) Who is the theorist who proposed the idea of multiple intelligences?
A) Howard Gardner
B) Robert Sternberg
C) Robert Wechsler
D) Alfred Binet
Q3) What does your text suggest is the most significant physical development of middle childhood?
A) Boys overtake girls in height, weight, and motor skills.
B) Children experience an increased incidence of illnesses and a decreased risk of accidents.
C) Improvement in fine motor coordination that makes it possible to write, play a musical instrument, paint, and draw
D) Development of large motor skills that make possible activities such as running, kicking with alternating feet, balancing, and throwing
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20653
Sample Questions
Q1) What effect does self-care have on children in terms of socialization and school performance?
Q2) According to the text, which of the following is linked to rejection and unpopularity among children?
A) Decompensating behaviors
B) Higher achievement scores
C) Aggression and disruptive behavior
D) Promiscuity
Q3) Which of the following is the typical pattern of children's descriptions of others during middle childhood?
A) During middle childhood, children are unobservant and do not attempt to interpret or describe other people.
B) Across the middle childhood period, children become less abstract and more concrete in their descriptions of others.
C) During middle childhood, children use only observable, physical characteristics when they describe other people.
D) During middle childhood, children talk more about internal characteristics or qualities that the individual seems to have.
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of spermarche?
A) It's onset varies considerably between different ethnic groups.
B) It typically occurs between 13 and 14 years of age, but the production of viable sperm does not happen until a few months later.
C) It typically occurs between 15 and 16 years of age.
D) Viable sperm production usually occurs a few months prior to the first ejaculation.
Q2) DeShaun wants to learn calculus so he can become an engineer. He is motivated by which type of goal?
A) Ability
B) Metacognitive
C) Hypothetical
D) Task
Q3) Why are girls less likely to complete suicide?
A) They are more prone to suicidal "faking."
B) They lack access to lethal means.
C) They tend to use means that are less successful, such as poisoning.
D) Fewer girls attempt suicide, so fewer complete.
Q4) Piaget's concept of ________ enables teens to understand metaphors and symbols.
Page 13
Q5) List three factors that contribute to completed suicide.
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Chapter 12: Social and Personality Development in Adolescence
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An individual whose gender-role identity is ________ would perceive herself or himself as having both feminine and masculine traits.
Q2) According to Erikson, what is missing from many industrialized societies that makes adolescents more vulnerable to risky behaviors?
Q3) Who is the theorist that argues that an ethic based on caring for others and maintaining social relationships is as important to moral reasoning as ideas about justice?
Q4) Kent has just had a disagreement with his best friend Justin. Kent has decided to walk home without Justin even though they had planned to play video games after school. When his mom asked Kent where Justin was, Kent replied by saying, "We had an argument and I just need to calm down." How old is Kent likely to be?
A) 5
B) 8
C) 14
D) 16
Q5) What is the relative importance of parental support and peer support to most adolescents?
Page 14
Q6) ________ is defined as antisocial behavior which includes law-breaking.
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) List, in order from lowest to highest, the three countries that have the LOWEST incidence of physical abuse among women.
Q2) Explain the nature of personality disorders. Name two personality disorders and describe their symptoms.
Q3) An inevitable consequence of aging is changes in ________ appearance.
Q4) In the United States, the ethnic group which is least likely to obtain a college degree is ________.
Q5) What is the term that researchers use to describe the basic, underlying, inevitable processes of physical change that affect all human beings?
A) Life dissatisfaction
B) Primary aging
C) Secondary aging
D) Core aging
Q6) Sports injuries trend upwards when people are in their ____ and _____.
A) 20s; 30s
B) 30s; 40s
C) 40s; 50s
D) 50s; 60s
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Q7) Discuss how social class and health are associated.
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Chapter 14: Social and Personality Development in Early
Adulthood
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following couples would most likely report the highest level of marital satisfaction?
A) Elliot and Edwina have been married 20 years and have a daughter who is a junior in college.
B) Ling and Guan have been married eight years and have two children in elementary school.
C) Lenora, a lawyer, and Deion, a banker, have been married two years and have no children.
D) Aaron and Mary own and manage a small grocery store with assistance from their 16-year-old sons.
Q2) Which of the following theories ascribes to the view that sex differences in relationships are adaptations to gender roles that result from external realities such as interactions with others?
A) Evolutionary role theory
B) Homogamy theory
C) Gender selection theory
D) Social role theory
Q3) Summarize the impacts of marriage on men's and women's health. Describe the underlying physiological processes that are involved.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ memory is recollection of specific events; ________ memory is the recollection of general knowledge and facts.
Q2) What are Goleman's four stages of mulling over creative solutions?
Q3) What changes is a man likely to notice during the climacteric? What can he do about these changes?
Q4) In terms of socioeconomic class and ethnicity, what are the greatest predictors of health in middle age?
Q5) In what type of tasks do middle-aged adults outperform younger adults?
Q6) Degeneration associated with presbycusis accelerates after what age?
A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
Q7) Paul's family is getting tired of having to repeat everything they say to him because he has difficulty hearing. He goes to an audiologist and finds that he has ________, so the audiologist recommends a hearing aid.
Page 17
Q8) Fifty-year-old Mr. Evans has started experienced difficulty achieving and maintaining an erection. These changes might indicate that Mr. Jones is experiencing
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Page 18
Chapter 16: Social and Personality Development in Middle
Adulthood
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20659
Sample Questions
Q1) When a couple has learned which strategies work best when resolving disagreements and therefore have a sense that they have control of the relationship, they have accomplished which of the following?
A) Marital stability
B) Relationship confidence
C) Marital satisfaction
D) Marital self-efficacy
Q2) The woman interviewed in the video feels that she has ________ responsibilities than her parents did at her age.
Q3) Some developmentalists believe that a ________ approach to explaining the unique stresses of middle adulthood is preferable to the idea of a mid-life crisis.
Q4) Think about the concept of mid-life crisis. Consider what your text says as well as your own experience in observing people around you. Do you think that mid-life crisis is a reality for most people, just some, or is it total fiction?
Q5) Explain the three subprocesses of selective optimatization with compensation.
Q6) Summarize Vaillant's revisions and contributions to Erikson's theory. Give examples of his two additional stages.
Page 19
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Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20660
Sample Questions
Q1) Give an example of a failure of source memory.
Q2) Which of the following are a group of neurological disorders that involve memory and thinking -- affecting social, emotional and physical functioning?
A) The deleriums
B) The dementias
C) The senescences
D) The mood disorders
Q3) Alzheimer's disease affects as many as ________ adults.
Q4) What is the Hayflick limit for human embryo cells?
A) 10
B) 20
C) 40
D) 50
Q5) What are Cohen's four phases of creativity? List them in order.
Q6) Macular degeneration is most likely to occur in __________.
A) childhood
B) adolescence
C) early adulthood
D) late adulthood
Q7) Foods high in vitamins ________, ________, and ________ are good Page 20
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Page 21
Chapter 18: Social and Personality Development in Late
Adulthood
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an effect of volunteerism upon older adults?
A) increased mortality rate.
B) increased extroversion and decreased introversion in personality.
C) improved life satisfaction.
D) decreased health.
Q2) Which of the following is unlikely to be an important factor to consider when an aging adult must decide whether or not to live with an adult child?
A) Social network access
B) General health, such as need for assistance with ADLs
C) Income level and requirements
D) The characteristics of the adult child with whom the individual will live
Q3) Even though they provide little practical assistance, ________ relationships provide unique emotional support in old age.
Q4) About 65% of the elderly in the United States live ________ of at least one of their children.
A) within 50 miles
B) within about an hour
C) within walking distance
D) within 15 minutes
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Chapter 19: Death Dying and Bereavement
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118 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jason is a 26-year-old professional basketball player. One of his teammates died suddenly during a recent playoff game. Which of the following best exemplifies how Jason is likely to react to the unexpected death of his teammate?
A) Jason is likely to take it in stride and spend little time thinking about or grieving over the loss of his teammate.
B) Jason is likely to look for reasons to explain why his teammate died so as to feel less threatened or vulnerable.
C) Since Jason's relationship with his teammate was non-familial, he is likely to feel less threatened by it than if it were a family member who had died.
D) Since Jason is a young adult, his sense of unique invulnerability will protect him from being overly concerned about the death of his teammate.
Q2) Which type of care focuses on relieving a terminally ill patient's pain, rather than curing the illness?
A) Merciful
B) Palliative
C) Hospital
D) euthanasia
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