Course Introduction
Health Psychology Review Questions
Health Psychology explores the complex interplay between psychological factors and physical health, emphasizing how behaviors, thoughts, and emotions influence well-being across the lifespan. The course covers key concepts such as stress, coping mechanisms, health behavior change, chronic illness management, and the role of psychological interventions in promoting health and preventing disease. Students will examine theories and research that explain how psychological processes affect medical conditions, health-related decision-making, and the patient-practitioner relationship, preparing them to understand and influence health outcomes in diverse populations.
Recommended Textbook Health Psychology 8th Edition by Shelley E. Taylor
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Health Psychology
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Q1) _______________ is the study of the frequency,distribution,and causes of infectious and noninfectious diseases in a population,based on an investigation of the physical and social environment.
A) Health psychology
B) Etiology
C) Morbidity
D) Epidemiology
Answer: D
Q2) _______________ refers to the number of cases of a disease that exist at some given point in time._______________ refers to the number of deaths due to particular causes.
A) Morbidity; Mortality
B) Mortality; Morbidity
C) Epidemiology; Pathology
D) Etiology; Epidemiology
Answer: A
Q3) Very early cultures took a dualistic approach to the mind and the body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: The Systems of the Body
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Q1) The incidence of relapse following initial successful treatment of persistent pain appears to range from about _______________ to ______________.
A) 10 percent; 90 percent
B) 30 percent; 60 percent
C) 50 percent; 75 percent
D) 60 percent; 90 percent
Answer: B
Q2) Hypnosis relies on
A) physiological relaxation.
B) distraction.
C) reinterpretation of sensations.
D) All of these.
Answer: D
Q3) In contrast to aggressive imagery,relaxation imagery
A) is more frequently used to combat pain.
B) induces a positive mood state.
C) focuses attention.
D) All of these.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Health Behaviors
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Q1) Functional somatic disorders are more common in men than in women.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Unlike anxiety and denial,depression
A) may be a long-term reaction to chronic illness.
B) is at a steady state during the course of chronic illness.
C) is the first response to chronic illness.
D) may be intermittent and unrelenting.
Answer: A
Q3) Research evidence consistently supports the notion that self-blame is associated with poor adjustment to chronic illness.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Many chronic illnesses lead to a decrease in sexual activity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Health-Promoting Behaviors
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Q1) Long-term denial of a terminal illness should be a target of therapeutic intervention.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe Kübler-Ross's theory of dying.Evaluate the usefulness of her theory.
Q3) Long-term denial of impending death
A) is a typical reaction.
B) is functional in coping with anxiety.
C) does not require psychological intervention.
D) None of these.
Q4) According to Kübler-Ross,the dying patient who asks "why me?" is experiencing A) anxiety.
B) bargaining.
C) denial.
D) anger.
Q5) As reproductive technology has improved over the past decade,the infant mortality rate for black infants has declined.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe the psychological and physiological correlates of grief.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Health-Compromising Behaviors
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Q1) What ethnic differences have been found in the incidence of hypertension? What racial and psychosocial factors may be implicated in these ethnic differences?
Q2) Alexithymia
A) involves difficulty in understanding others and expressing oneself.
B) involves difficulty in identifying and describing emotion.
C) involves difficulty in recognizing individual faces.
D) results from the accumulating effects of small strokes and often mimics the effects of Alzheimer's disease.
Q3) Diabetes is a risk factor for coronary heart disease.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Mild hypertension is defined by a diastolic pressure consistently between 105 and 119. A)True B)False
Q5) Explain the relationship of lifestyle factors to coronary heart disease and cardiac rehabilitation.
Q6) Explain the role of stress management in recovery from myocardial infarction.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Stress
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Q1) The interactions among behavioral,neuroendocrine,and immunological processes of adaptation are referred to as
A) health psychology.
B) psychoneuroimmunology.
C) behavioral medicine.
D) psychosomatic medicine.
Q2) Perceptions of self-efficacy have been related to A) frequency of condom use. B) number of sexual partners.
C) number of anonymous sexual partners.
D) All of these.
Q3) Finding ______________ in stressful events may improve immune functioning. A) benefits B) noise.
C) stress.
D) All of these.
Q4) A person may test HIV-seropositive (HIV+),but be free of a diagnosis of AIDS for years.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Coping,resilience,and Social Support
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Q1) Early drug prevention programs,such as DARE,are an example of
A) cost containment.
B) behavioral immunization.
C) cost effectiveness.
D) patient consumerism.
Q2) _____________ medicine is the conscientious,explicit,judicious use of the best scientific evidence for making decisions about the care of individual patients.
A) Treatment-effective
B) Cost containment
C) Cost effective
D) Evidence-based
Q3) Most surveys suggest that patients want less expensive high-technology medical treatment except in the terminal phase of illness.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the role of health psychology within the context of health care reform in the United States.Explain what is meant by comprehensive intervention models.What contributions might a team of health psychologists make to health care delivery under this model?
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Chapter 8: Using Health Services
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Q1) The peripheral nervous system consists of the _______________ and the ______________.
A) brain; spinal cord
B) central nervous system; peripheral nervous system
C) somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system
D) forebrain; hindbrain
Q2) The genetic composition of a normal male child is
A) 46 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XX).
B) 46 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XY).
C) 23 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XX).
D) 23 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XY).
Q3) The case of Helen,who is healthy but has infected others with the AIDS virus,is an example of
A) direct transmission of disease.
B) indirect transmission of disease.
C) biological transmission of disease.
D) mechanical transmission of disease.
Q4) Hepatitis A is typically transmitted through food and water.
A)True
B)False
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Patients, providers, and Treatments
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Q1) Some health-related habits,such as food choices,snacking,and dieting,begin to be established during the time children are attending
A) preschool.
B) elementary school.
C) middle school.
D) high school.
Q2) You are designing a health-promotion program for a retirement community.According to the text,which of the following behaviors would be the most important to target in your intervention?
A) eliminating smoking
B) developing a regular exercise program
C) maintaining a healthy diet
D) All of these are equally important.
Q3) The concept of the window of vulnerability refers to the fact that certain times are better for teaching particular health practices than others.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: The Management of Pain and Discomfort
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Q1) Which of the following is important for weight-loss programs?
A) Slow eating.
B) Exercise.
C) Self-monitoring.
D) All of these.
Q2) Initial therapy for anorexia is focused on weight gain and usually uses a _______________ approach.
A) family therapy
B) cognitive-behavioral
C) psychodynamic
D) nutritional
Q3) Compared to health education interventions,seat belt use is highest in areas where it is mandated by law.
A)True
B)False
Q4) As the text notes,people who are high in self-efficacy are more likely to adhere to exercise and weight-loss regimens.Summarize the research investigating the relationship between self-efficacy,exercise,obesity,and weight loss.
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Chapter 11: Management of Chronic Illness
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Q1) It is estimated that three out of every ten adult Americans is an alcoholic or problem drinker.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with
A) increased risk from coronary artery disease.
B) increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
C) decreased risk from coronary artery disease.
D) decreased risk for cardiovascular disease.
Q3) Psychological and social rewards associated with drinking include reduced anxiety and depression.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In contrast to nicotine gum,the use of transdermal nicotine patches
A) produces a sharper rise in nicotine level than does cigarette smoking.
B) does not produce significant gains in smoking cessation.
C) is associated with higher rates of patient compliance.
D) is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than is smoking.
Q5) Identify and describe the biological,psychological,and sociocultural factors implicated in alcohol abuse.
13
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Chapter 12: Psychological Issues in Advancing and Terminal Illness
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Q1) Research suggests that individual differences in reactivity to stress are related to individual differences in
A) acute and chronic illness.
B) psychological responses to stressors.
C) primary and secondary appraisal.
D) All of these.
Q2) Who of the following is LEAST likely to experience illness due to the stress associated with their job?
A) Susie, a single mother of a five-year old boy, who works long hours in a low-paying position.
B) Mary Lou, a married mother of two young children, who works in a low-paying service job 40 hours per week.
C) Sally, a single mother of a five-year old daughter, who is a lawyer with flexible hours.
D) Miranda, a married mother with two young children, who is a lawyer with flexible hours.
Q3) Explain how the sympathetic-adrenomedullary (SAM)and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA)axis are implicated in the physiological response to stress.
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Chapter 13: Heart Disease, hypertension, stroke, and Type Ii
Diabetes
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Q1) Research evidence suggests that social support may reduce
A) the likelihood of becoming ill, but it has no effect on recovery rates or mortality.
B) the likelihood of becoming ill only indirectly by affecting health habits.
C) the likelihood of becoming ill, shorten recovery rates, and reduce mortality.
D) perceived psychological distress, but it has no effect on physical health or illness.
Q2) Social support has beneficial effects on the
A) cardiovascular system.
B) endocrine system.
C) immune system.
D) All of these.
Q3) _______________ involves the provision of services,financial assistance,or goods.
A) Visible support
B) Tangible assistance
C) Invisible support
D) Monetary assistance
Q4) Explain how individual differences in personality are related to coping.
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Chapter 14: Psychoneuroimmunology and Immune-Related Disorderss
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Q1) Individual differences in neuroticism have been found to influence symptom
A) recognition but not reporting.
B) reporting but not recognition.
C) reporting and recognition.
D) None of these.
Q2) Sarah has missed work for the last six days.This morning when she called in sick once again,her boss told her she must either provide documentation by a physician of her illness or her pay would be docked.This is
A) sick-role behavior.
B) social sanctioning.
C) sick-role interference.
D) social authority.
Q3) Premenstrual symptoms have
A) a physiological basis only.
B) a psychological basis only.
C) both a physiological and a psychological basis.
D) are so rare that studying them is impossible.
Q4) Describe and discuss the four stages of delay behavior.Provide an original example for each stage.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Health Psychology: Challenges for the Future
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Q1) The typical physicians' assistant program lasts two years.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The number of psychologists in hospital settings has _______________ over the past 10 years.
A) more than doubled
B) decreased
C) remained the same
D) first decreased, then increased
Q3) Advanced-practice nurses have fewer than two years of basic nursing education.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is NOT one of the three components of burnout?
A) emotional exhaustion
B) increased concern for the client
C) cynicism
D) low sense of efficacy in one's job
Q5) Explain how attributes of both patients and their health care providers contribute to faulty communication in the medical setting.
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