Course Introduction
Health Psychology Exam Preparation Guide
Health Psychology explores the interplay between psychological factors and physical health, examining how behavior, emotions, and society impact overall well-being and illness management. The course covers topics such as stress, coping mechanisms, health behavior change, the mind-body connection, and the psychological aspects of chronic diseases. Students will learn about the role of psychological assessment and interventions in promoting health, preventing illness, and supporting adaptation to health challenges, as well as the influence of cultural, social, and environmental factors on health outcomes.
Recommended Textbook
Clinical Psychology Science Practice and Culture 4th Edition by Andrew M. (Mark) Pomerantz
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19 Chapters
908 Verified Questions
908 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Clinical Psychology: Definition and Training
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Q1) _____ authorizes a psychologist to practice independently.
A)Successful completion of the predoctoral internship
B)Successful completion of the postdoctoral internship
C)Successful completion of all graduate courses in an APA-accredited graduate program
D)Licensure
Answer: D
Q2) Students enrolled in a practitioner-scholar program typically earn _____ degree.
A)PsyD
B)PhD
C)MD
D)MS
Answer: A
Q3) What is the most common professional activity of clinical psychologists?
Answer: Psychotherapy.
Q4) The scientist-practitioner model of graduate training is also known as the _____ model.
Answer: Boulder
Q5) What is the most common setting in which clinical psychologists work?
Answer: Private practice.
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Chapter 2: Evolution of Clinical Psychology
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Q1) _____'s work directly resulted in the establishment of more than 30 state institutions for the mentally ill throughout the United States.
A)William Tuke
B)Philippe Pinel
C)Eli Todd
D)Dorthea Dix
Answer: D
Q2) Lightner Witmer originally defined clinical psychology as related to the disciplines of _____.
A)philosophy and pathology
B)sociology,physiology,and communication sciences
C)medicine,education,and social work
D)psychiatry and anthropology
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following assessment methods was created most recently?
A)MMPI
B)Thematic Apperception Test
C)NEO-PI-R
D)Rorschach Inkblot Method
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Current Controversies in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) An example of a manualized psychotherapy with empirical evidence for its efficacy is
A)exposure plus response prevention for bulimia.
B)exposure plus response prevention for obsessive compulsive disorder.
C)dialectical behavior therapy for depression.
D)dialectical behavior therapy for antisocial personality disorder.
Answer: B
Q2) A book entitled A Guide to Treatments That Work was published in _____ and represented a significant step in the _____ movement.
A)1960,humanistic psychotherapy
B)1990,prescription privileges
C)1998,evidence-based practice
D)2005,psychotherapy via videoconferencing
Answer: C
Q3) Patrick DeLeon,Morgan Sammons,and Robert McGrath are best known as advocates
A)for evidence-based psychotherapies.
B)for computer-based psychotherapies.
C)for prescription privileges for clinical psychologists.
D)against evidence-based psychotherapies.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Cultural Issues in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) Regardless of a the methods used to train clinical psychologists to be culturally competent,an essential ingredient is that the trainee
A)reaches a deeper appreciation of his or her own cultural identity.
B)reads detailed descriptions of a variety of cultural groups in the form of professional books or peer-reviewed articles.
C)enrolls in courses taught by faculty members whose cultural background is different from that of the trainee.
D)conducts research with participants from culturally diverse backgrounds.
Q2) The current edition of the DSM includes a glossary listing _____,which represent psychological problems observed in groups from various parts of the world.
A)diversity directives
B)multicultural considerations
C)cultural concepts of distress
D)culture-bound syndromes
Q3) The _____ perspective emphasizes the similarities between all people,while the _____ perspective emphasizes cultural-specific norms.
Q4) Briefly describe the three levels of the tripartite model of personal identity.
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Chapter 5: Ethical Issues in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) Explain the major differences between the APA Code of Ethics' General Principles and Ethical Standards.
Q2) Which of the following Ethical Principles best captures the idea that clinical psychologists strive to benefit the patients with whom they work,while at the same time ensuring they do not harm their patients?
A)Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
B)Integrity
C)Respect for People's Rights and Dignity
D)Fair Billing and Reporting
Q3) According to the standards related to informed consent in the most recent edition of the APA ethical code,when should psychologists inform clients about psychotherapy?
A)"as early as is feasible in the therapeutic relationship"
B)"no later than the third meeting between psychologist and client"
C)"prior to the first meeting between psychologist and client"
D)"only at the request of the client"
Q4) Briefly summarize the facts of the Tarasoff case and its primary implication for clinical psychologists.
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Chapter 6: Conducting Research in Clinical Psychology
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Q1) Dr.Smithton initially creates a new PTSD treatment under highly controlled laboratory conditions.He then shares the treatment with practitioners,who subsequently implement the treatment with real-world patients.The practitioners report that Dr.Smithton's PTSD treatment is very helpful for their patients.The benefit the practitioners' patients experienced seems to support the _____ of Dr.Smithton's treatment.
A)internal validity
B)external validity
C)power
D)design
Q2) What is the primary difference between correlational methods and experimental methods?
Q3) Compare and contrast the idiographic and nomothetic approaches.
Q4) According to the textbook,which of the following is NOT a question clinical psychologists should ask themselves when designing research studies?
A)How should psychotherapy outcome be measured?
B)What should be measured when assessing psychotherapy outcome?
C)Who should rate psychotherapy outcome?
D)Where should the study be conducted?
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8
Chapter 7: Diagnosis and Classification Issues: DSM-5 and More
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Q1) Unlike its predecessors the "5" in DSM-5 is an Arabic numeral,not a Roman numeral (e.g. ,DSM-IV).Explain why the authors of the DSM made this change and what it suggests about the DSM.
Q2) Where are disorders such as attenuated psychosis syndrome and Internet gaming disorder listed in DSM-5?
Q3) DSM-5 has received numerous criticisms.Which of the following is NOT a criticism discussed in the textbook?
A)DSM-5 was not expanded enough,and as a result the current edition includes approximately the same number of disorders as the original edition.
B)While developing DSM-5,the authors were selective and vague with information they shared with the general public.
C)The membership of Work Groups was composed primarily of researchers,not clinicians.
D)DSM-5's price is significantly higher than that of previous editions.
Q4) Compare and contrast Jerome Wakefield's definition of a mental disorder with the definition offered by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Q5) The DSM reflects a _____ model of psychopathology.
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Chapter 8: The Clinical Interview
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Q1) _____ is the extent to which an assessment technique yields consistent,repeatable results.
A)Discriminant validity
B)Clinical utility
C)Reliability
D)Content validity
Q2) A(n)_____ interview is a predetermined,planned sequences of questions that an interviewer asks a client.By contrast,a(n)_____ interview is improvised and involves no predetermined questions.
A)primary,secondary
B)secondary,primary
C)structured,unstructured
D)unstructured,structured
Q3) Describe at least one advantage and one disadvantage of using a structured interview.
Q4) What are the advantages and disadvantages of note taking during the clinical interview?
Q5) A question such as "Do you consume alcohol?" is an example of a(n)_____ question.
Page 10
Q6) Describe the difference between paraphrasing and reflection of feeling.
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Chapter 9: Intellectual and Neuropsychological Assessment
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Q1) What is the most commonly used neuropsychological screening measure among clinical psychologists?
Q2) The Wechsler index score that measures fluid reasoning,spatial processing,and visual-motor integration is the _____ Index.
A)Verbal Comprehension
B)Perceptual Reasoning
C)Working Memory
D)Processing Speed
Q3) A _____ model of intelligence proposes that specific abilities exist and are important,but they are all somewhat related to each other and to a global,overall,general intelligence.
A)topical
B)hierarchical
C)fluid
D)multiple
Q4) Who created the concept of "g"?
Q5) Aside from the Wechsler series of intelligence tests,what is the other major intelligence test?
Q6) How do clinical psychologists test for a specific learning disorder?
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Chapter 10: Personality Assessment and Behavioral Assessment
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Q1) A client who scores very high on the clinical scale called "Psychopathic Deviate" on the MMPI-2 is most likely to receive a diagnosis of _____.
A)major depressive disorder
B)antisocial personality disorder
C)borderline personality disorder
D)specific phobia
Q2) Which of the following is not a clinical scale on the MMPI and MMPI-2?
A)Depression
B)Mania
C)Paranoia
D)Self-Acceptance
Q3) _____ is a test-construction method that involves identifying distinct groups of people,asking all of them to respond to the same test items,and comparing responses between the groups.
A)Empirical criterion keying
B)Logarithmic modeling
C)Factor analysis
D)Comparative group coding
Q4) What are the two phases of administration for the Rorschach Inkblot Method?
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Chapter 11: General Issues in Psychotherapy
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Q1) The tripartite model,a theory related to the measurement of psychotherapy outcome,was created by _____.
A)Hans Eysenck
B)Hans Strupp
C)Dianne Chambless
D)Bruce Wampold
Q2) According to surveys of clinical psychologists since 1960,the humanistic orientation to psychotherapy
A)was the most commonly endorsed orientation in the 1970s.
B)was the most commonly endorsed orientation in the 1990s.
C)has steadily increased in popularity through the 2010s.
D)has decreased in popularity from the late 1980s to present.
Q3) What is the most common format of psychotherapy practiced by clinical psychologists?
Q4) A(n)_____ approach to therapy blends techniques to create an entirely new,hybrid form of therapy.
Q5) What was the conclusion of Hans Eysenck's (1952)study of psychotherapy?
Q6) List and briefly describe each of the stages in Norcross,Krebs,and Prochaska's (2011)stages of change model.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
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Q1) Which of the following statements about free association is NOT true?
A)It is used by psychodynamic psychotherapists as an effort to access the unconscious.
B)It involves asking clients to say whatever comes to mind.
C)It asks clients to say the first word that comes to mind after the therapist speaks a word.
D)It requires clients to not censor themselves at all.
Q2) In _____,the therapist's primary task is to identify the "script" that the client appears to be unknowingly following,which is likely to be based on previous important relationships,and to refuse to enact that script in the therapeutic relationship.
A)cognitive psychotherapy
B)exposure therapy
C)time-limited dynamic therapy
D)systematic desensitization
Q3) According to psychodynamic psychotherapists,what is resistance and why is it important?
Q4) Which Freudian psychosexual stage is associated with the development of trust (or distrust)?
Q5) What is the primary goal of psychodynamic therapy?
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Chapter 13: Humanistic Psychotherapy
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Q1) Explain the relationship among the humanistic concepts of real self,ideal self,self-actualization,and conditions of worth.
Q2) Freud is to _____ as Maslow is to _____.
A)behavioral,cognitive
B)cognitive,behavioral
C)psychodynamic,humanistic
D)humanistic,psychodynamic
Q3) What technique was developed by William Miller and was originally used to treat behaviors such as substance abuse?
Q4) According to the humanistic approach,psychological health is enhanced by A)a match between the real self and the ideal self.
B)conditional positive regard.
C)conditional positive self-regard.
D)incongruence.
Q5) Briefly summarize the three essential therapeutic conditions according to humanistic psychotherapy.
Q6) What is the name of the therapy that is derived from the positive psychology movement?
Q7) List the three key elements of humanistic therapy.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Behavior Therapy
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Q1) If a kindergarten teacher gives students a sticker each time they are good,takes a sticker away each time they are bad,and allows students to trade in a certain number of stickers for a prize,what operant conditioning technique she is likely using?
Q2) What is the goal of behavior therapy?
Q3) Describe the process of exposure therapy.What psychological problem is it usually used to treat? Include key elements or techniques used in this type of therapy.
Q4) Who is the creator of the law of effect?
Q5) B.F.Skinner is most closely associated with _____.
A)motivational interviewing
B)interpersonal interviewing
C)classical conditioning
D)operant conditioning
Q6) Edward Lee Thorndike's law of effect provides the theoretical basis for _____.
A)operant conditioning
B)classical conditioning
C)graduated exposure
D)successive approximations
Q7) What are the five stages of behavioral consultation?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-Based Therapies
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Q1) _____ is a cognitive technique that believes when young children are exposed to poor parenting,they are likely to develop deep-seated,maladaptive cognitions about themselves and their relationships to others.
A)Rational emotive therapy
B)Metacognitive psychotherapy
C)Acceptance and commitment therapy
D)Schema therapy
Q2) _____ can be defined as full engagement with one's own internal mental processes in a nonconfrontational way,which often involves a reduction in _____.
A)Schema therapy,acceptance
B)Metacognitive therapy,cognitive restructuring
C)Insight,transference
D)Mindfulness,experiential avoidance
Q3) Name two of Beck's thought distortions.
Q4) Who created dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?
Q5) Define the common thought distortion known as overgeneralization and offer a fictional example that a client might bring to a clinical psychologist.
Page 17
Q6) Briefly describe and explain schema therapy.
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Chapter 16: Group and Family Therapy
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Q1) The Rothberg family includes parents Mark and Tina and children David and Abigail.Mark and Tina take David to a clinical psychologist because "he is the cause of all problems in our family.If you fix him,everything will be great in our household." If the psychologist takes a family therapy approach to treatment,he will consider the possibility that,in this situation,David is
A)an identified patient.
B)diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder.
C)not Mark and Tina's biological child.
D)in significant competition with his schoolmates.
Q2) The notions of family structure,subsystems,and boundaries are important components of the type of family therapy practiced by _____.
A)Salvador Minuchin
B)Murray Bowen
C)Steve deShazer and Insoo Kim Berg
D)Irvin Yalom
Q3) Briefly describe each of McGoldrick,Carter,and Garcia-Preto's (2011)seven family life cycle stages.
Q4) What type of family therapy uses "solution-talk" and focuses almost exclusively on solutions?
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Chapter 17: Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
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Q1) When implementing behavioral observation with a child client,the psychologist should be on the lookout for _____ in which the child's behaviors change simply because he realizes he is being watched by the psychologist.
A)analogue motion
B)naturalistic action
C)reactivity
D)modification
Q2) Discuss the role of the therapeutic alliance when treating children.With whom is it important to establish a therapeutic alliance?
Q3) Which of the following statements about conducting psychotherapy with child patients is NOT true?
A)The therapeutic alliance is just as crucial with children as it is in therapy with adults.
B)The therapeutic alliance must be established with both the child and his or her parents.
C)Adult interventions and techniques should be adjusted for children.
D)Children can often be understood and conceptualized as miniature adults.
Q4) What is the most commonly used assessment test for both children and adolescents?
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19
Chapter 18: Health Psychology
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Q1) Culturally competent health psychologists appreciate that clients from diverse cultures may perceive their sickness as coming from any of four sources (identified by Huff,1999).List these four sources and offer an example of each.
Q2) The fight-or-flight response
A)probably hindered a more expedient evolution of primitive humans. B)occurs in response to a perceived threat.
C)was first described by Hamermesh and Lee in 2007.
D)occurs during the third stage of general adaptation syndrome.
Q3) A health psychologist who is using biofeedback with a patient is most likely treating
A)alcohol dependence
B)smoking
C)chronic pain
D)obesity
Q4) Chronic pain is defined as pain that lasts at least _____.
A)1 week
B)1 month
C)3 months
D)6 months
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Chapter 19: Forensic Psychology
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Q1) What is the difference between the Frye standards and the Daubert standards regarding the admissibility of expert testimony?
Q2) Surveys of psychologists who conduct child custody evaluations (e.g. ,Bow,2006)suggest that
A)psychological tests are rarely used.
B)interviews with parents and children are considered less important than psychological tests.
C)parent and child interviews are deemed less important that projective testing results.
D)more than 60% of evaluators conduct psychological testing with the children involved in such cases.
Q3) _____ was the first legal standard for the insanity defense in the history of the American legal system.
A)The M'Naghten test
B)Voir dire
C)The Munsterberg criteria
D)The Daubet standards
Q4) What is the name of the process through which an expert witness is approved for the court?
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