Health Professions Anatomy and Physiology
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Health Professions Anatomy and Physiology provides an in-depth exploration of the structure and function of the human body, with emphasis on systems most relevant to health care practice. Students will study cellular processes, tissues, and major organ systems including the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, digestive, endocrine, and reproductive systems. The course focuses on how anatomical structures support physiological processes, with clinical applications and case studies to illustrate the integration of body systems in maintaining health and responding to disease. This foundational knowledge prepares students for further study and practice in health-related professions.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 6th Edition by Valerie C. Scanlon
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Chapter 2:Organization and General Plan of
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of body sections (Select all that apply)?
A)A transverse section involves a horizontal plane.
B)A coronal section is the same as a frontal section.
C)A cross-section is useful for showing the internal structure of a tubular organ.
D)Right and left parts of the body are obtained with a sagittal section.
E)A midsagittal section of the body would pass through the nose and navel.
F)Anterior and posterior parts of the body are obtained with a frontal section.
Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of body areas (Select all that apply)?
A)The scapular area is inferior to the gluteal area.
B)The temporal and occipital areas are both part of the cranial area.
C)The sternal area is lateral to the mammary area.
D)The popliteal area is posterior to the patellar area.
E)The most proximal area of the upper limb is the antecubital area.
F)The cervical area is both anterior and posterior.
Answer: B,D,F
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Chapter 2:Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part
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Q1) The visceral pleura covers the ______________________. Answer: lungs
Q2) To maintain homeostasis,the body must constantly respond to ______________________.
Answer: changes
Q3) The two orbital areas would be separated from each other by a _____________________ section of the head.
Answer: midsagittal
Q4) The vertical boundary between the right and left abdominal quadrants is a line through the _________________. Answer: umbilicus
Q5) The nasal area would be separated from the occipital areas by a ____________________ section of the head. Answer: coronal frontal
Q6) The diaphragm is inferior to the _______________ cavity. Answer: thoracic
4
Q7) The pectoral area is ___________________ to the umbilical area. Answer: superior
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Chapter 2:Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part
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Q1) Which of these areas is NOT part of the head?
A)occipital
B)volar
C)parietal
D)frontal
Answer: B
Q2) The membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is the:
A)visceral pleura
B)parietal pleura
C)peritoneum
D)mesentery
Answer: C
Q3) The deltoid areas are ___ to the cervical area and ___ to the axillary areas.
A)lateral/inferior
B)medial/inferior
C)lateral/superior
D)medial/superior
Answer: C
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Chapter 3:Some Basic Chemistry-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of covalent,hydrogen,or disulfide bonds (Select all that apply)?
A)Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons.
B)Organic molecules such as glucose are held together by covalent bonds.
C)The element carbon only rarely forms covalent bonds.
D)Hydrogen bonds help maintain the three-dimensional shape of proteins.
E)Disulfide bonds help maintain the three-dimensional shape of carbohydrates.
F)Covalent bonds are relatively strong,except in water,where they weaken and tend to break.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the structure of organic molecules (Select all that apply)?
A)The subunits of polysaccharides are monosaccharides.
B)Amino acids are the subunits of nucleic acids.
C)Fatty acids are subunits of phospholipids.
D)Glycerol is a subunit of steroids.
E)Glucose is the subunit of glycogen.
F)Nucleotides are large molecules made of DNA or RNA.
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Chapter 3:Some Basic Chemistry-Part B
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Q1) A large molecule made of the elements C,H,O,N,and P would most likely be a(n)______________________________.
Q2) An acid has more ___________________ ions than does a neutral solution.
Q3) The mucus of the large intestine is an example of the _______________________ function of water.
Q4) All enzymes are made of the organic molecule ______________________.
Q5) Peptide bonds are found between the ______________________ in a molecule of _____________________.
Q6) The subunits of DNA and RNA are called _____________________________.
Q7) An ionic bond is formed when atoms gain or lose _______________________.
Q8) The lipids that form the largest part of cell membranes are the _________________________.
Q9) At the end of an enzymatic reaction,the enzyme itself is _________________________.
Q10) The name for the water in lymph vessels is ________________________.
Q11) The transport of minerals in the blood depends on the _______________________ function of water.
Q12) The raw materials of cell respiration are ________________ and ___________________. Page 7
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Chapter 3:Some Basic Chemistry-Part C
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Q1) On the pH scale,acids are indicated by numbers:
A)above 10
B)below 10
C)above 7
D)below 7
Q2) If body fluids are becoming too acidic,this means that there are excess ___ ions in the fluid.
A)sodium
B)potassium
C)hydroxyl
D)hydrogen
Q3) Which pH would NOT be in the normal range for human blood?
A)7.30
B)7.39
C)7.40
D)All of these are within the normal range.
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Chapter 4:Cells-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of cellular transport mechanisms (Select all that apply)?
A)In the body,oxygen is exchanged for CO2 by the process of diffusion.
B)Filtration is the first step in the formation of urine by the kidneys.
C)Osmosis is the process by which the small intestine absorbs water.
D)Some white blood cells carry out phagocytosis.
E)Many body cells take in glucose by facilitated diffusion.
F)Active transport is necessary for the sodium pumps of neurons.
G)In pinocytosis,cells pinch off pieces of their cytoplasm to secrete small molecules.
H)Filtration is important for the formation of blood plasma in capillaries.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the nucleus of a cell (Select all that apply)?
A)The nuclear membrane has four layers to protect the chromosomes.
B)The nucleus of a human body cell contains 48 chromosomes.
C)The nucleus of a human body cell is a diploid nucleus.
D)The chromosomes in the nucleus are made of DNA and protein.
E)Human cells that do not have nuclei are mature red blood cells.f.The nucleus is the control center of the cell because it contains most of the mitochondria of the cell.
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Chapter 4:Cells-Part B
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Q1) Oogenesis is the name for the process of ____________________,which takes place in the ____________________ to produce ______________________.
Q2) Chromosomes are made of ________________,and are found in the ________________ of a cell.
Q3) In mitosis,each chromosome becomes visible as a pair of _______________ during __________________________.
Q4) The cellular transport process that requires transporters (carrier enzymes)is ______________________.
Q5) A solution with a lesser salt concentration than human cells is said to be __________________________.
Q6) The lining up of amino acids according to the codons of an mRNA molecule to form a protein is called ____________________________.
Q7) The movement of molecules from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration is called ______________________________.
Q8) Microvilli are _______________ of the cell membrane that increase the _________________ of the membrane.
Q9) The process of meiosis in the ovaries is called ______________________________.
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Chapter 4:Cells-Part C
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Q1) Meiosis involves ___ division(s)to produce ___ cells.
A)two/two
B)one/two
C)two/four
D)one/four
Q2) The cell organelles that contain enzymes to digest ingested pathogens are the:
A)ribosomes
B)mitochondria
C)lysosomes
D)endoplasmic reticulum
Q3) The process of phagocytosis is important to:
A)enable the kidneys to reabsorb water
B)enable WBCs to ingest pathogens
C)enable the kidneys to reabsorb small proteins
D)enable cells to take in glucose
Q4) The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called:
A)filtration
B)osmosis
C)pinocytosis
D)active transport
Page 12
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Chapter 5:Tissues and Membranes-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of nerve tissue (Select all that apply
A)The nucleus of a neuron is found in its axon.
B)The dendrites of a neuron carry impulses toward a synapse.
C)A nerve impulse is both electrical and chemical.
D)A synapse is the space between the cell bodies of adjacent neurons.
E)Neurotransmitters are produced by Schwann cells.
F)Electrical insulation for neurons is provided by the myelin sheath.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of connective tissues (Select all that apply)?
A)Elastic connective tissue is important in the lungs for normal exhalation.
B)Adipose tissue cushions organs such as the eyes and kidneys.
C)Areolar connective tissue contains mast cells and WBCs for immune responses.
D)Potential energy is found in adipose tissue in the form of glycogen.
E)Areolar connective tissue is found below the epithelium of all connective tissue membranes.
F)Fibrous connective tissue forms ligaments and the fasciae around muscles.
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Chapter 5:Tissues and Membranes-Part B
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Q1) Of urethra,heart,and pharynx,the one NOT lined with mucous membrane is the
Q2) The serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is the
Q3) The space between two nerve cells is a(n)____________________,where the nerve impulse is carried by a(n)___________________________.
Q4) An organ made primarily of nerve tissue is the ____________________,and the nerve cells are called _________________________.
Q5) The serous membrane that covers the heart is the __________________________________.
Q6) The tissue that removes dust and pathogens from the trachea is ________________________.
Q7) The protein hemoglobin is found in _____________________ cells,and contains the mineral ________________________.
Q8) The specific tissue that produces a large amount of body heat is _____________________.
Q9) The blood cells that contribute to blood clotting are the
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Chapter 5:Tissues and Membranes-Part C
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Q1) The body is supported by:
A)cartilage
B)bone
C)skeletal muscle tissue
D)fibrous connective tissue
Q2) Which statement is NOT true of connective tissue membranes?
A)The perichondrium has the only blood supply for cartilage.
B)The fibrous pericardium forms a sac around the heart.
C)A fascia covers organs such as the stomach.
D)The periosteum covers a bone.
Q3) Endocrine glands secrete their ___ directly into the ___.
A)mucus/ducts to a surface
B)enzymes/blood
C)hormones/blood
D)hormones/body cavities
Q4) The part of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body is the:
A)axon
B)dendrite
C)synapse
D)myelin sheath
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Chapter 6:The Integumentary System-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of sweating (Select all that apply)?
A)Sweating is most efficient when the humidity is high.
B)Sweating is an effective means of heat loss because water has a high heat of vaporization.
C)Sweat is produced by eccrine glands,which are most numerous on the trunk of the body.
D)Excess body heat evaporates sweat through the epidermis.
E)Sweat glands are unicellular glands that respond to environmental temperature changes.
F)Excessive sweating may lead to dehydration.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the superficial fascia (Select all that apply)?
A)Adipose tissue has potential energy in the form of fat.
B)Areolar connective tissue contains many white blood cells.
C)This layer is a secondary line of defense for the body because it is just within the skin.
D)The mast cells in this layer produce histamine,which contributes to inflammation.
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Chapter 6:The Integumentary System-Part B
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Q1) Scratching an itch is efficient because fingers have __________________________.
Q2) The cells of the epidermis produce antimicrobial chemicals called ____________________.
Q3) The outermost layer of the epidermis is the ____________________________.
Q4) Information about the environment outside the skin is provided by __________________.
Q5) Human hair helps keep dust out of the ________________________.
Q6) Between the dermis and the muscles is the __________________________________.
Q7) In the integumentary system,areolar connective tissue is part of the ____________________________________ (layer).
Q8) The new cells of the epidermis produce the protein _______________________.
Q9) The inner layer of the skin is the ____________________,which is made of __________________________ tissue.
Q10) The inner layer of the skin is the __________________________.
Q11) In the superficial fascia,the tissue that contains many white blood cells is _________________________________. Page 17
Q12) The _____________________ secreted by the __________________________ prevents drying of the eardrum.
Q13) The visible portion of a nail is made of _____________________.
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Chapter 6:The Integumentary System-Part C
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Q1) All of the following are made of keratin except the:
A)pigment of the skin
B)fingernails and toenails
C)stratum corneum
D)hair shafts
Q2) Vasoconstriction in the dermis is important to:
A)increase heat loss in a warm environment
B)conserve heat in a warm environment
C)increase heat loss in a cold environment
D)conserve heat in a cold environment
Q3) The subcutaneous tissue is made of:
A)squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue
B)adipose tissue and smooth muscle
C)squamous epithelium and smooth muscle
D)areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue
Q4) Drying of the eardrum is prevented by:
A)serous fluid from serous glands
B)sebum from sebaceous glands
C)cerumen from ceruminous glands
D)sweat from apocrine glands
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Chapter 7:The Skeletal System-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of synovial joints (Select all that apply)?
A)Synovial fluid prevents friction.
B)The joint capsule is made of elastic connective tissue.
C)Ligaments are bands of fibrous connective tissue that connect bone to bone.
D)Sutures are not synovial joints.
E)The synovial membrane lines the joint capsule. f.Bursae cushion the articular cartilages in a joint.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the factors that contribute to the height of a person (Select all that apply)?
A)Genes for height may be for enzymes involved in bone matrix formation.
B)A child cannot be taller than her or his parents.
C)Calcium and phosphorus are important in the diet because they become part of bone matrix.
D)The absorption of calcium from food in the small intestine is facilitated by vitamin A.
E)Vitamins C and D are important in the diet to become part of bone matrix.
F)Either estrogen or testosterone will promote the closure of the epiphyseal discs of long bones.
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Chapter 7:The Skeletal System-Part B
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Q1) The hormone in men that promotes closure of the epiphyseal discs is
Q2) Bone matrix is made primarily of salts of _________________ and _____________________.
Q3) Two vitamins necessary for the calcification process in growing bones are _____ and _____.
Q4) The heart and liver are protected from mechanical injury by the ______________________.
Q5) The manubrium and xiphoid process are both parts of the ________________________.
Q6) The human spine has two sets of fused vertebrae; these are the _______________ and the __________________.
Q7) The humerus and ulna form a(n)___________________ joint.
Q8) The hormone that provides energy for bone growth only from glucose is _________________.
Q9) The hormones that contribute to bone growth by increasing the rate of protein synthesis are _________________________ and
21
Q10) Calcium is needed in the blood for the process of
The function of osteoblasts is to _______________________________________.
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Chapter 7:The Skeletal System-Part C
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Q1) An example of a gliding joint is the joint between two:
A)vertebrae
B)phalanges
C)ribs
D)carpals
Q2) The carpal and metacarpal of the thumb form this type of joint:
A)hinge
B)gliding
C)saddle
D)ball and socket
Q3) An example of a saddle joint is the:
A)two phalanges
B)carpal and metacarpal of the thumb
C)tibia and fibula
D)tarsal and metatarsal of the big toe
Q4) Which of the following is NOT an example of a suture joint?
A)temporal and occipital
B)temporal and mandible
C)frontal and ethmoid
D)zygomatic and temporal
23
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Chapter 8:The Muscular System-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the structure of sarcomeres (Select all that apply)?
A)Myosin filaments are in the center of the sarcomere.
B)The T tubules of the sarcolemma are close to the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
C)Troponin and tropomyosin are inhibiting proteins.
D)The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores sodium ions that stimulate contraction.
E)Actin filaments are attached to the Z lines in the center of the sarcomere.
F)The contracting proteins are actin and myosin.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of electrical changes at the sarcolemma (Select all that apply)
A)A polarized muscle fiber has more Na+ ions inside that outside.
B)Depolarization is the movement of K+ ions into the cell.
C)Repolarization is the movement of Na+ ions out of the cell.
D)A polarized muscle fiber has a positive charge inside and a negative charge outside.
E)Depolarization is a reversal of charges; the cell has a positive charge outside and a negative charge inside.
F)An action potential is depolarization followed by repolarization.
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Chapter 8:The Muscular System-Part B
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Q1) The most abundant energy source for muscle contraction is ______________________.
Q2) The muscle on the front of the thigh that flexes the thigh and lower leg is the _________________________.
Q3) Muscles with the same or similar function are called __________________________.
Q4) The organ system that transmits impulses for contraction to muscles is the _______________ system.
Q5) The more stationary attachment of a muscle to a bone is called the ______________________.
Q6) About 25% of the body's heat at rest is produced by the ____________________ of the skeletal muscles.
Q7) The muscle on the front of the lower leg that dorsiflexes the foot is the __________________.
Q8) The muscle on the lateral side of the hip that abducts the thigh is the ____________________.
Q9) The units of contraction within a muscle fiber are called _________________________.
Q10) The muscle around the eye that closes the eye is the _____________________________. Page 25
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Chapter 8:The Muscular System-Part C
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Q1) A contributing factor to fatigue in exercising muscles is:
A)lactic acid
B)oxygen
C)creatine phosphate
D)carbonic acid
Q2) Knowing where our muscles are without looking at them is called:
A)muscle sense,and involves stretch receptors in muscles
B)coordination,and involves stretch receptors in muscles
C)muscle sense,and involves stretch receptors in the brain
D)coordination,and involves stretch receptors in the brain
Q3) The function of the levator ani is to:
A)support the pelvic organs
B)open the anus
C)both of these
D)neither of these
Q4) The function of the rectus abdominis is to:
A)extend the vertebral column
B)flex the thigh
C)extend the thigh
D)flex the vertebral column
27
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Chapter 9:The Nervous System-Part A
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Q1) The spinal cord reflexes that help keep the body upright are the _________________ reflexes.
Q2) The parts of the brain that regulate breathing are the _________________ and ____________.
Q3) The neuroglia that help form the blood-brain barrier are the ________________________.
Q4) Ascending tracts of the spinal cord may also be called ____________________ tracts,and descending tracts may also be called ______________________ tracts.
Q5) Nerve impulses cross synapses by means of _______________________________.
Q6) The part of the brain that regulates secretions of the anterior pituitary gland is the ______________________________.
Q7) Motor neurons carry impulses from the ___________________ to ___________________.
Q8) Thoracolumbar is another name for the ________________________ division of the autonomic nervous system.
Q9) The _____________________________ division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose.
Q10) The cerebral hemispheres are connected by the ______________________________. Page 28
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Chapter 9:The Nervous System-Part B
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the nervous system (Select all that apply)?
A)The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord.
B)Movement and sensation are functions of this system.
C)The nervous system regulates body functions by means of electrochemical impulses.
D)Only the brain is protected by bone.
E)The autonomic nervous system is a special subdivision of the CNS.
F)The PNS consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the parts of the cerebrum (Select all that apply)?
A)Conscious muscle sense is felt in the temporal lobes.
B)The centers for vision are in the frontal lobes,right behind the eyes.
C)The parietal lobes contain the motor areas for voluntary movement.
D)The centers for hearing are in the occipital lobes,right behind the ears.
E)The innermost part of the cerebrum is the cerebral cortex.
F)Accessory movements are regulated by the basal ganglia.
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Chapter 9:The Nervous System-Part C
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Q1) The part of a reflex arc that carries impulses to the CNS is the:
A)receptor
B)effector
C)motor neuron
D)sensory neuron
Q2) The cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the:
A)ventral root ganglia
B)gray matter of the spinal cord
C)white matter of the spinal cord
D)dorsal root ganglia
Q3) The part of the brain that regulates blood pressure and heart rate is the:
A)medulla
B)pons
C)hypothalamus
D)cerebrum
Q4) The parasympathetic nerves emerge from which parts of the CNS?
A)lumbar and sacral spinal cord
B)brain and lumbar spinal cord
C)thoracic and lumbar spinal cord
D)brain and sacral spinal cord
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Chapter 10:The Senses-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the parts of the eye (Select all that apply)?
A)Vitreous humor is reabsorbed into the canal of Schlemm.
B)The radial muscles of the iris constrict the pupil.
C)The white of the eye is formed by the sclera.
D)The choroid layer absorbs light within the eyeball.
E)The conjunctivae are kept moist by tears secreted by the lacrimal glands.
F)The retina is the innermost layer of the eyeball.
G)The ciliary muscle is a circular smooth muscle that changes the shape of the cornea.
H)The optic nerve is formed by ganglion neurons.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the cutaneous senses (Select all that apply)?
A)Most of the receptors are in the epidermis.
B)The receptors for pain,touch,and temperature are encapsulated nerve endings.
C)The sensitivity of an area of skin depends on how close the receptors are to the surface.
D)Irritating substances in the skin can trigger itch or pain sensations.
E)Adaptation occurs with the senses of touch and pressure.
F)Contrast is an important aspect of cutaneous temperature sense.
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Chapter 10:The Senses-Part B
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Q1) The optic nerve passes through the eyeball at a site called the
Q2) For the sense of thirst,receptors are located in the _________________________,and the sensation is projected to the ________________________.
Q3) The iris has two sets of ___________________ muscle fibers that regulate the size of the _____________________________.
Q4) The receptors for muscle sense are called ________________________________.
Q5) Arterial chemoreceptors detect changes in the level of ______________________ in the blood.
Q6) The cranial nerve pair for the sense of smell is the ___________________________.
Q7) The ganglion neurons of the retina form the _______________________.
Q8) The receptors that detect motion are located in the ______________________ of the inner ear.
Q9) The first part of the ear that vibrates in response to sound waves is the _________________.
Q10) The cranial nerve pairs for the sense of taste are the _______________________ and the _______________________. Page 33
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Chapter 10:The Senses-Part C
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Q1) The part of the ear that transmits vibrations to the oval window is the:
A)eardrum
B)malleus
C)incus
D)stapes
Q2) The extrinsic muscles of the eye:
A)are six in number for each eye
B)move the eyeball within the orbit
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and are innervated by cranial nerves
Q3) The part of the sensory pathway that projects a sensation is the:
A)receptor
B)sensory neuron
C)sensory tract
D)sensory area in the brain
Q4) The part of the eye that light waves pass through first is the:
A)cornea
B)conjunctiva
C)lens
D)retina
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Chapter 11:The Endocrine System-Part A
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7796
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of thyroxine (and T?)and growth hormone (GH)(Select all that apply)?
A)Thyroxine contains iodine and GH contains iron.
B)Thyroxine increases the use of all food types for energy.
C)GH increases the use of amino acids to produce energy.
D)Both hormones increase the rate of mitosis in growing tissues.
E)Both hormones increase the rate of protein synthesis in cells.
F)Thyroxine is secreted throughout life,but GH is secreted only when the body is growing in height.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of parathyroid hormone (PTH)and calcitonin (Select all that apply)?
A)Both hormones are secreted by the parathyroid glands.
B)PTH increases the storage of calcium in bones.
C)Calcitonin increases the reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys.
D)PTH stimulates the activation of vitamin C by the kidneys.
E)PTH increases the absorption of calcium from food in the small intestine.f.Calcitonin is secreted when the blood calcium level decreases.
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36
Chapter 11:The Endocrine System-Part B
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83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The specific cells that produce insulin are __________________ cells,and they do so when the blood glucose level __________________________.
Q2) Blood glucose level is lowered by the pancreatic hormone
Q3) The target organs of calcitonin are _________________________.
Q4) Secretion of thyroxine is stimulated by __________________ from the _____________________ gland.
Q5) Glucagon increases the use of __________________ and ______________________ for energy production.
Q6) The hormone that enables cells to take in glucose to use for energy production is __________________,produced by the _________________________.
Q7) A regulating mechanism that contains its own brake is called a(n)________________________ mechanism.
Q8) The effect of oxytocin on the mammary glands is to stimulate the
Q9) An important function of thyroxine is that it increases the synthesis of
Q10) The direct stimulus for secretion of glucagon is
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Chapter 11:The Endocrine System-Part C
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When blood pressure decreases,aldosterone is secreted as a result of the ___ mechanism:
A)sodium-potassium
B)sodium-angiotensin
C)renin-potassium D)renin-angiotensin
Q2) Which endocrine gland is NOT paired with its correct location?
A)ovaries - on either side of the uterus
B)testes - in the scrotum between the upper thighs
C)pancreas - between the duodenum and the spleen
D)adrenal glands - one below each kidney
Q3) The effect of oxytocin on the mammary glands is to:
A)increase the production of milk
B)decrease the production of milk
C)decrease the release of milk
D)increase the release of milk
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Chapter 12:Blood-Part A
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of red blood cells (Select all that apply)?
A)The protein hemoglobin contains the mineral iron.
B)The mineral iron enables RBCs to carry oxygen.
C)RBCs pick up oxygen in pulmonary capillaries.
D)The shape of an RBC is best described as a deflated soccer ball.
E)Hemoglobin that has given up its oxygen is called debonded hemoglobin.
F)The life span of an RBC is about 60 days.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of blood viscosity and pH (Select all that apply)?
A)Plasma proteins decrease blood viscosity,so that blood flows smoothly.
B)The normal pH range of blood is 7.35 to 7.45.
C)Blood viscosity contributes to normal blood pressure.
D)Oxygen has a greater effect on blood pH than does carbon dioxide.
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Chapter 12:Blood-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) Blood plasma makes up approximately __________% to __________% of the total blood.
Q2) The stimulus for the secretion of erythropoietin is ___________________,and its function is to _______________________.
Q3) If less carbon dioxide is carried by the blood,the pH of the blood will __________________.
Q4) A type O person has ______________________________________ on the RBCs and ____________________________________________ in the plasma.
Q5) The vitamin necessary for chemical clotting is ________________.
Q6) A newly formed clot is made smaller by the process of ____________________________.
Q7) The life span of RBCs is approximately ______________________.
Q8) Antithrombin is synthesized by the _____________________,and its purpose is to __________________________.
Q9) The gamma globulins in blood plasma are _____________________ that are produced by the cells called _____________________.
Q11) The mineral necessary for chemical clotting is ________________________. Page 40
Q10) The kind of WBC that produces antibodies is the _________________________.
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Chapter 12:Blood-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the process of chemical clotting,the clot itself is formed of:
A)fibrinogen
B)fibrin
C)thrombin
D)prothrombin
Q2) Which of these is NOT important to prevent abnormal clotting in blood vessels?
A)the smooth muscle
B)the smooth endothelium
C)heparin produced by basophils
D)antithrombin produced by the liver
Q3) The term for a low RBC count is:
A)hemolysis
B)anemia
C)hematocrit
D)amnesia
Q4) Which platelet count per microliter indicates thrombocytopenia?
A)250,000
B)45,000
C)300,000
D)500,000
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Chapter 13:The Heart-Part A
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10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the reflex arc for heart rate and blood pressure (Select all that apply)?
A)A drop in blood pressure is the stimulus to increase heart rate.
B)The receptors for this reflex are pressoreceptors located in the femoral artery.
C)The CNS center for this reflex is in the spinal cord.
D)The effector of this reflex is the myocardium.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the nervous regulation of heart rate (Select all that apply)?
A)The cardiac centers are in the medulla of the brain.
B)Only the sympathetic nervous system has nerves to the heart muscle.
C)Heart rate changes in response to changes in blood pressure or blood gas levels.
D)Sympathetic nerve fibers to the heart are part of the vagus nerves.
E)The neurotransmitter norepinephrine decreases heart rate.f.The heart generates its own beat,but the neurotransmitter acetylcholine can increase the rate.
Q3)
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43
Chapter 13:The Heart-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The normal range of resting heart rate for a healthy adult is __________ to _________ bpm.
Q2) During exercise,if cardiac output is 15,000 mL and stroke volume is 120 mL,then pulse is ___________________.
Q3) The ventricle that has thicker walls is the ________________,because it must pump blood throughout the ______________________.
Q4) The heart rate is increased by impulses carried by _____________________ nerves.
Q5) A sudden drop in blood pressure will stimulate the cardiac ___________________ center in the ________________________ of the brain.
Q6) The electrical activity of the heart may be seen in a tracing called a(n)__________________.
Q7) The diaphragm is __________________ to the heart,and the lungs are __________________ to the heart.
Q8) The superior vena cava returns blood from the _______________________ to the ______________________ of the heart.
Q10) The part of the brain that regulates heart rate is the Page 44
Q9) The ________________________ returns blood from the upper body to the right atrium.
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Chapter 13:The Heart-Part C
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110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Exercise cardiac output is 9900 mL.What are the pulse and stroke volume?
A)110 bpm and 90 mL
B)100 bpm and 90 mL
C)105 bpm and 90 mL
D)112 bpm and 95 mL
Q2) Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in:
A)one beat
B)one minute
C)one hour
D)one day
Q3) The left side of the heart:
A)receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs
B)receives blood from the body and pumps it to the body
C)receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body
D)receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the lungs
Q4) For the heart muscle,the most important substance in the blood is:
A)glucose
B)iron
C)protein
D)oxygen
46
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Chapter 14:The Vascular System-Part A
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9 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the locations of arteries and veins (Select all that apply)?
A)The femoral artery and vein are in the thigh.
B)The common iliac veins empty into the superior vena cava.
C)The celiac artery branches into the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries.
D)The right and left common carotid arteries are branches of the ascending aorta.
E)The jugular veins drain blood from the shoulders and arms.
F)The renal arteries are branches of the thoracic aorta.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of capillaries (Select all that apply)?
A)Their walls are made of simple squamous epithelium.
B)Blood plasma in capillaries becomes tissue fluid by the process of filtration.
C)The process of osmosis returns some tissue fluid to the blood at the venous end of capillaries.
D)The process of filtration brings dissolved nutrients to tissues.
E)The colloid osmotic pressure of blood is created by plasma proteins such as albumin.
F)The flow of blood into a capillary network is regulated by a precapillary sphincter.
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Chapter 14:The Vascular System-Part B
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90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In fetal circulation,exchanges between fetal blood and maternal blood take place in the ____________________________.
Q2) The _____________________ of the brain regulates the diameter of arteries and veins,and has a _______________________ area and a ______________________ area.
Q3) The outer layer of the wall of a vein is thin because ________________________ in veins is low.
Q4) The flow of blood into a capillary network is regulated by a(n)_______________________,which is made of ____________________________ tissue.
Q5) If venous return decreases,cardiac output will ________________________.
Q6) The venous return mechanism that is especially important for the veins in the thoracic cavity is the ________________________________.
Q7) One purpose of hepatic portal circulation is to enable the liver to receive alcohol absorbed by the stomach and _____________________ it before blood reaches the ____________________.
Q8) In capillaries,colloid osmotic pressure is created by the presence of __________________ in the blood.
Page 48
Q9) A normal blood pressure is considered to be below ________________________.
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Chapter 14:The Vascular System-Part C
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In pulmonary circulation,blood is pumped to the lungs by the:
A)left ventricle
B)right ventricle
C)left atrium
D)right atrium
Q2) The hormone that lowers blood pressure by increasing the excretion of sodium and water by the kidneys is:
A)ADH
B)aldosterone
C)norepinephrine
D)ANP
Q3) Which statement is NOT true of the structure of arteries and veins?
A)The outer layer is fibrous connective tissue that prevents rupture of arteries.
B)The smooth muscle layer helps regulate blood pressure.
C)The epithelial lining is smooth to prevent abnormal clotting.
D)Valves in veins are made of smooth muscle to help keep the blood moving.
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of lymph nodes and lymph nodules (Select all that apply)?
A)Lymph nodules are found in all mucous membranes.
B)Lymph nodes are found along the pathways of lymph vessels.
C)Both nodes and nodules contain macrophages and lymphocytes.
D)The tonsils and Peyer's patches are the lymphatic tissue of the pharynx.
E)Two of the most important paired groups of lymph nodes are the axillary and the inguinal nodes.
F)Within nodes and nodules,antibodies are produced by IG cells.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of antibodies (Select all that apply)?
A)Antibodies destroy antigens by penetrating their cell membranes.
B)The only class of antibodies that can cross the placenta is IgM.
C)The IgA class of antibodies is found on mucous membranes and in breast milk.
D)Antibodies render toxins harmless because they change the shape of the toxins.
E)Antibodies label foreign antigens,and such a label stimulates phagocytosis by macrophages.
F)Antibodies are effective against viruses because they disable the nucleic acid of the virus.
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51
Chapter 15:The Lymphatic System and Immunity-Part B
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In adaptive immunity,the __________________ B cells remember a specific foreign antigen.
Q2) In adaptive immunity,cytotoxic T cells use _______________________ to destroy foreign antigens.
Q3) A vaccine works because it takes the place of the _______________________ to the pathogen.
Q4) In adaptive immunity,a virus with antibodies attached is likely to be ____________________ by a(n)__________________________.
Q5) In innate immunity,the purpose of inflammation is to destroy _____________________ and to permit ___________________________ to begin.
Q6) Virus diseases of plants do not affect people because people have _____________________ immunity to them.
Q7) The adult spleen,in terms of its functions,is very similar to a(n)_________________________.
Q8) The component of immunity that does not become more efficient with repeated exposures is _____________________ immunity.
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Q9) In adaptive immunity,plasma cells differentiate from ____________________ and produce ___________________.
Chapter 15:The Lymphatic System and Immunity-Part C
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7810
Sample Questions
Q1) The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the:
A)head
B)arms
C)upper body
D)lower body
Q2) With respect to immunity,neutralization is:
A)antibodies changing the shape of viruses
B)antibodies clumping bacteria
C)memory cells being activated
D)cytotoxic T cells being activated
Q3) The mechanism of adaptive immunity that involves antibody production is called:
A)cellular immunity
B)antigen immunity
C)cell-mediated immunity
D)humoral immunity
Q4) An example of artificially acquired passive immunity is:
A)preformed antibodies to hepatitis B
B)tetanus immune globulin for someone with symptoms of tetanus
C)rabies immune globulin for someone bitten by a rabid raccoon
D)all of these
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Chapter 16:The Respiratory System-Part A
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10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7811
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries (Select all that apply)?
A)Blood coming into the pulmonary capillaries is low in O2 and high in CO2.
B)The alveolar walls are one cell in thickness.
C)The total alveoli provide a large surface area for gas exchange.
D)The pulmonary capillaries are made of simple squamous epithelium.
E)Type II alveolar cells secrete pulmonary surfactant to increase the osmosis of gases.
F)Blood leaving the pulmonary capillaries will return to the left atrium of the heart.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the chemical regulation of respiration (Select all that apply)?
A)The strongest stimulus to increase breathing is a decrease in CO2 in the body fluids.
B)The carotid bodies and jugular body contain receptors that detect decreased oxygen.
C)Central chemoreceptors that are very sensitive to decreased CO2 are located in the cerebrum.
D)Severe hypoxia will stimulate an increase in breathing rate and depth.
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54
Chapter 16:The Respiratory System-Part B
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104 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7812
Sample Questions
Q1) During swallowing,the larynx is covered by the
Q2) The limit of respiratory compensation for an ongoing metabolic pH imbalance is approximately _____________ %.
Q3) The larynx contains vocal cords,folds that vibrate when air is ________________________.
Q4) The trachea is kept open by ___________________ in the shape of a(n)______________.
Q5) The ribs are pulled up and out by the _____________________________ muscles during ________________________________.
Q6) Severe respiratory alkalosis will cause the blood pH to rise above ___________________.
Q7) The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the _______________________________.
Q8) Bicarbonate ions in the plasma are the form in which ________________________ is transported in the blood.
Q9) The mineral that is essential for oxygen transport is ___________________,because it is part of _______________________.
55
Q10) The nasal mucosa is made of ___________________ epithelial tissue.
Q11) The general purpose of the tonsils is to _______________________.
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Chapter 16:The Respiratory System-Part C
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7813
Sample Questions
Q1) During exhalation,the diaphragm:
A)contracts and moves downward
B)contracts and moves upward
C)relaxes and moves downward
D)relaxes and moves upward
Q2) The muscles of inhalation are the:
A)diaphragm and external intercostals contracting
B)diaphragm relaxing and external intercostals contracting
C)diaphragm and internal intercostals contracting
D)diaphragm relaxing and internal intercostals contracting
Q3) The nerves to the diaphragm are called:
A)diaphragm nerves
B)phrenic nerves
C)sympathetic nerves
D)parasympathetic nerves
Q4) The elastic connective tissue of the lungs is important to:
A)make inhalation possible
B)make a normal inhalation a passive process
C)prevent friction during breathing
D)make a normal exhalation a passive process
57
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Chapter 17:The Digestive System-Part A
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12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the large intestine (Select all that apply)?
A)The appendix is a small,dead-end extension of the ascending colon.
B)An important function of the colon is the absorption of water.
C)The splenic flexure is the junction of the transverse colon and the descending colon.
D)The internal anal sphincter is smooth muscle that surrounds the anus.
E)The external anal sphincter is striated muscle that contracts to permit defecation.
F)The normal flora of the colon produce vitamins and inhibit the growth of pathogens.
G)The stimulus for the defecation reflex is contraction of the sigmoid colon.
H)The ileocecal valve prevents backup of feces into the small intestine.
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Chapter 17:The Digestive System-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) The surface area of the small intestine is increased by folds of the mucosa called
Q2) In the villi of the small intestine,amino acids are absorbed into the _____________________ by the process of ________________________.
Q3) Chemical digestion requires ___________________,each of which is specific for a type of _______________________.
Q4) Carbohydrates are digested by enzymes from the ______________________,________________________,and
Q5) The macrophages of the liver are called _______________________,and their function is ____________________________.
Q6) Chewing is an example of ________________________ digestion.
Q7) The common bile duct opens into the _________________________ of the small intestine.
Q8) The external muscle layer of the alimentary tube is made of _______________________ tissue and is responsible for
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Q9) The root of a tooth is made of _______________________,and is anchored in its socket by the _______________________ membrane.
Chapter 17:The Digestive System-Part C
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162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the small intestine,surface area for absorption is increased by all of these except:
A)microvilli
B)plica circulares
C)villi
D)capillary networks
Q2) The part of gastric juice that converts pepsinogen to pepsin is:
A)mucus
B)hydrochloric acid
C)gastrin
D)intrinsic factor
Q3) The esophagus is ___ to the trachea and ___ to the spine.
A)posterior/anterior
B)posterior/superior
C)anterior/posterior
D)anterior/superior
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Chapter 18:Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part A
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11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of heat loss (Select all that apply)?
A)The process of sweating brings about heat loss by way of diffusion.
B)Most heat that is lost from the body is lost through the skin.
C)Blood is warmed by passage through active organs,and carries heat to cooler body areas.
D)Small amounts of body heat are lost with exhalations.
E)A breeze cools the skin surface by the process of radiation.
F)If the environmental temperature is 80oF and the humidity is 90%,sweating will be the most efficient mechanism of heat loss.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of a fever (Select all that apply)?
A)A substance or pathogen that causes a fever is a pyrogen.
B)A low fever may be beneficial in that WBCs become more active.
C)A pyrogen activates the heat gain mechanisms regulated by the thalamus.
D)A very high fever may cause brain damage because carbohydrates become denatured.
E)Some chemicals produced as part of inflammation are endogenous pyrogens.
F)A fever may be beneficial in that a higher temperature inhibits some bacteria.
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Chapter 18:Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) In cell respiration,lactic acid may be formed during _________________________ (stage)when ___________________________ is not present.
Q2) A dessert consists of 12 grams of carbohydrates,6 grams of protein,and 40 grams of fat,which is ____________________ total calories.
Q3) The pentose sugars are part of the larger molecules _________________ and _________________,and are synthesized from _________________________.
Q4) Much of the body's heat is produced by active organs,especially the _____________________ and the _____________________.
Q5) The collective term for all of the decomposition reactions within the body is
Q6) A young child has a(n)___________________ metabolic rate than does an elderly person.
Q7) Sweating is not an effective heat loss mechanism when the humidity is __________________.
Q8) Vasodilation in the dermis will __________________________ the flow of blood near the body surface and thereby _________________________ the loss of heat.
Q9) Vasodilation in the dermis will ___________________ the loss of heat.
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Chapter 18:Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) In cell respiration,oxygen is NOT required for:
A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)A and B only
Q2) In synthesis reactions,proteins are synthesized from:
A)glucose
B)amino acids
C)fatty acids and glycerol
D)excess glucose
Q3) The skeletal muscles produce a significant amount of body heat at rest because of their:
A)muscle sense
B)muscle tone
C)coordination
D)sensory impulses
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63
Chapter 19:The Urinary System-Part A
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements are true of urine and waste products (Select all that apply)?
A)The average pH range of normal urine is 2.5 to 10.5.
B)Glycosuria is the result of a low blood glucose level.
C)Ketonuria is the result of greater reliance on carbohydrates for energy.
D)Urea is a nitrogenous waste product that comes from the metabolism of nucleic acids.
E)Normal urine is often a straw color,and the lighter the color,the lower the specific gravity.
F)The average amount of urine voided per 24 hours is 0.5 to 3.5 liters.
G)If bacterial infection makes the glomeruli more permeable,both bacteruria and proteinuria may be consequences.
H)If kidney function decreases,the blood level of creatinine will increase.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of the urination reflex (Select all that apply)?
A)This is a flexor reflex over which we may exert voluntary control.
B)The effector of the reflex is the detrusor muscle,which contracts.
C)The stimulus for the reflex is stretching of the external urethral sphincter.
D)The part of the CNS directly involved in the reflex is the spinal cord.
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Chapter 19:The Urinary System-Part B
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Sample Questions
Q1) In women,the vagina is _____________________ to the urethra,and the uterus is __________________ to the urinary bladder.
Q2) The two major parts of a nephron are the ______________________ and ____________________________.
Q3) Movement of substances from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule takes place by the process of _________________________,the energy for which is provided by ____________________.
Q4) In the kidney,loops of Henle and collecting tubules are located in the ________________________.
Q5) The internal urethral sphincter is ________________________ tissue,and it is usually _________________________ to ______________________ urination.
Q6) Normal urinary output per 24 hours is _________ to _________ liters.
Q7) In the kidneys,the effect of ADH is to ______________________________.
Q8) The juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney secrete _________________ when _______________ decreases.
Q9) A glomerulus is a network of _______________________,and is surrounded by a _______________________.
Page 65
Q10) Strenuous exercise or diarrhea will tend to ___________________ urinary output.
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Chapter 19:The Urinary System-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) The secretion of renin by the kidneys brings about the formation of:
A)ADH
B)angiotensin II
C)RBCs in the red bone marrow
D)angiotensinogen
Q2) The specific gravity of urine is a measure of the:
A)dissolved materials
B)pH
C)waste products
D)proteins
Q3) The two major parts of a nephron are the:
A)glomerulus and Bowman's capsule
B)renal tubule and loop of Henle
C)glomerulus and renal corpuscle
D)renal corpuscle and renal tubule
Q4) The renal pelvis has extensions called ___,which enclose the tips of the ___.
A)calyces/renal pyramids
B)pelvlets/renal cortex
C)pelvlets/renal pyramids
D)calyces/renal cortex
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Chapter 20:Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance-Part
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of water intake and output (Select all that apply)?
A)Most water intake is in the form of water and other beverages.
B)Most water output is in the form of urine.
C)Metabolic water provides 25% of the total water intake because cell respiration is a constant process.
D)Most foods do not provide water.
E)Water loss by way of sweating may vary greatly from day to day.
F)Water loss by way of breathing is the water vapor in exhaled air.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of water and water compartments (Select all that apply)?
A)Interstitial fluid is another name for intracellular fluid.
B)Water moves into and out of cells mainly by osmosis.
C)Lymph was previously tissue fluid and will become plasma.
D)Tissue fluid is formed from plasma by the process of filtration.
E)Cerebrospinal fluid is the tissue fluid of the CNS and is formed by active transport.
F)The largest water compartment is plasma,and the smallest is tissue fluid.
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Chapter 20:Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance-Part B
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Q1) The electrolytes that are essential for normal muscle contraction are
Q2) In tissue fluid,the major cation is ______________________ and the major anion is _________________________.
Q3) By the process of filtration,blood plasma becomes ___________________________.
Q4) Positive ions such as sodium or calcium are called
Q5) The hormone that directly increases water reabsorption by the kidneys is ________________.
Q6) Water within cells is called ____________________.
Q7) The electrolyte that is part of ATP is __________________________.
Q8) In blood plasma,the major cation is _____________________ and the major anion is ________________________.
Q9) The pH-regulating mechanisms,in order from most rapid to slowest,are the ________________,_____________________________,and
Q10) The pH-regulating mechanisms,in order,from greatest to least capacity to buffer an ongoing pH imbalance,are the Page 69
Q11) The electrolyte that is part of DNA and RNA is ______________________.
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Chapter 20:Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance-Part
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Sample Questions
Q1) Positive ions such as calcium and sodium are called: A)anions
B)cations
C)flatirons
D)antiandirons
Q2) The bicarbonate buffer system will buffer a strong base by forming:
A)a weak acid and a salt
B)a weak base and a salt
C)a weak acid and water
D)a weak base and water
Q3) The hormone that increases excretion of water by the kidneys following the excretion of sodium ions is:
A)PTH
B)ANP
C)ADH
D)aldosterone
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Chapter 21:The Reproductive Systems-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of the menstrual cycle (Select all that apply)?
A)Menstruation is the loss of the functional layer of the endometrium.
B)The average menstrual cycle is 28 days,but may be shorter or longer.
C)The endometrium continues to grow during the luteal phase.
D)The permanent layer of the endometrium is the foundational layer.
E)The loss of the endometrium is stimulated by a decrease in FSh.
F)During the follicular phase,several ovarian follicles begin to develop.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of spermatogenesis or oogenesis (Select all that apply)?
A)Spermatogenesis produces four haploid cells for each cell that undergoes meiosis.
B)Oogenesis is a cyclical process and spermatogenesis is a continuous process.
C)Both processes begin at puberty and end between the ages of 45 and 55.
D)Both processes depend on hormones from the gonads and the posterior pituitary gland.
E)Oogenesis produces one haploid cell and three diploid cells for each cell that undergoes meiosis.
F)Both the ovaries and testes contain stem cells.
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Chapter 21:The Reproductive Systems-Part B
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Q1) In the testes,the hormone that promotes maturation of sperm is
Q2) The perineum is the area between the ______________________ anteriorly and the ____________________ posteriorly.
Q3) The function of the flagellum of a sperm cell is _________________________.
Q4) In a woman's lifetime,the process of oogenesis begins at ___________________ and ends at _________________________.
Q5) The fimbriae of a fallopian tube enclose the __________________________.
Q6) Spermatogenesis takes place in the ______________,and each cell that undergoes meiosis produces __________ functional sperm cell(s).
Q7) In spermatogenesis,the hormones that are directly necessary for normal sperm production are _____________________ and _____________________.
Q8) In the menstrual cycle,the endometrium is shed during the _______________________ phase.
Q9) From the epididymis,the ducts that carry sperm are the _________________________,______________________________,and
Q10) In the menstrual cycle,ovulation is stimulated by the hormone
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Chapter 21:The Reproductive Systems-Part C
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Q1) The part of a sperm cell that contains enzymes to digest the membrane of the egg cell is the:
A)head
B)acrosome
C)flagellum
D)middle piece
Q2) The hormones that are directly necessary for the growth of blood vessels in the endometrium are:
A)FSH and LH
B)LH and progesterone
C)FSH and estrogen
D)estrogen and progesterone
Q3) The hormone that stimulates milk production in the mammary glands is:
A)estrogen
B)progesterone
C)prolactin
D)oxytocin
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Chapter 22:Human Development and Genetics-Part A
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of sex-linked inheritance (Select all that apply)?
A)The Y chromosome has more genes than does the X chromosome,and they are all dominant.
B)A woman with one gene for a sex-linked trait is a carrier of the trait.
C)The dominant gene on the Y chromosome is expressed when the corresponding gene on the X chromosome is missing.
D)The dominant gene on the Y chromosome is expressed when the corresponding gene on the X chromosome is recessive.
E)Men can be carriers only if the gene for the trait on the Y chromosome is recessive.
F)A daughter acquires a sex-linked trait from both parents,but a son acquires such a trait only from his mother.
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Chapter 22:Human Development and Genetics-Part B
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Q1) The zygote begins a series of cell divisions called ___________________,and the process of cell division is called _______________________.
Q2) In order for a recessive trait to appear in a person's phenotype,the person must have _______________ gene(s)for it.
Q3) During the first stage of labor,the _____________________ dilates and the __________________________ ruptures.
Q4) The umbilical arteries carry blood from the _____________________ to the _________________________.
Q5) During an average gestation period,the period of embryonic growth lasts __________ weeks and the period of fetal growth lasts _____________ weeks.
Q6) When the gene for a trait is found only on the X chromosome,the trait is said to be
Q7) The placental hormone that maintains the corpus luteum during early pregnancy is ______________________________.
Q8) The genetic code for one protein is called a(n)______________________.
Q9) During the _______________ stage of labor,the amniotic sac ruptures.
Q10) During the _______________ stage of labor,the placenta is delivered.
Page 76
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Chapter 22:Human Development and Genetics-Part C
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Sample Questions
Q1) Genetics problem: Mom is heterozygous for type A blood and Dad is homozygous for type B blood.The chance that their child will have type AB blood is:
A)0%
B)25%
C)50%
D)100%
Q2) The embryonic membrane that contains fluid to cushion the embryo is the:
A)chorion
B)amnion
C)yolk sac
D)umbilical cord
Q3) In the early embryo,the endoderm gives rise to the:
A)nasal mucosa
B)bones
C)dermis
D)pancreas
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Chapter 1:An Introduction to Microbiology and Human
Disease-Part A
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Q1) Small numbers of yeasts may be part of the resident flora of all of these sites except the:
A)mouth
B)vagina
C)urinary bladder
D)skin
Q2) The way a pathogen leaves a host is called the:
A)portal of exit
B)transfer site
C)portal of embarkation
D)deaccess site
Q3) A disease such as salmonella,which is acquired from contaminated food,is called:
A)communicable
B)contagious
C)noncommunicable
D)gustatory
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Chapter 1:An Introduction to Microbiology and Human
Disease-Part B
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Q1) The way a pathogen gets into a host is called the
Q2) An important trigger for some mucosal yeast infections is the use of a(n)__________________ for a previous infection.
Q3) The pathogens that are made of only a nucleic acid and protein are the ___________________.
Q4) A disease such as tetanus,which cannot be spread from one host to another,is considered _______________________________.
Q5) Most fungi live on dead organic matter and are called _________________________.
Q6) Anaerobic bacteria are those that cannot reproduce when _______________________________.
Q7) Spiral bacteria are called ___________________________.
Q8) The vector of malaria is a(n)__________________________.
Q9) If a disease has become epidemic,this means that there are ________________________________.
Q10) An infection that is caused by the patient's own flora in an abnormal site is called a(n)____________________________ infection. Page 79
Q11) A nosocomial infection is one that is acquired
Q12) A chronic infection is one that _________________________________.
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Chapter 1:An Introduction to Microbiology and Human
Disease-Part C
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Q1) Which of the following statements are true of vectors and the diseases they spread (Select all that apply)?
A)The human body louse is the vector of typhoid fever.
B)Mosquitoes are vectors of malaria and yellow fever.
C)Vectors spread disease when they bite humans or other warm-blooded animals.
D)The deer tick is the vector of Lyme disease and West Nile encephalitis.
E)Fleas are vectors of bubonic plague,epidemic typhus,and sleeping sickness.
F)The vector of a pathogen may be an essential part of the life cycle of that pathogen.
Q2) Which of the following statements are true of resident flora (Select all that apply)?
A)The nasal cavities have a smaller flora than do the bronchioles.
B)Many of our resident flora prevent pathogens from establishing themselves.
C)Some colon flora produce vitamins that are useful to us.
D)The urinary bladder should have only a small population,and the blood should be free of bacteria.
E)Resident skin flora include fungi as well as bacteria.
F)Few pathogens reach the lungs,and those that do are quickly destroyed by red blood cells.
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