Health Physics in Medicine
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Health Physics in Medicine explores the application of radiation protection principles within medical settings, focusing on the safe use of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation in diagnostics, therapy, and research. The course examines sources of medical radiation, methods of monitoring and measuring exposure, and strategies for minimizing risk to patients, staff, and the public. Regulatory frameworks, dose limits, shielding design, and emergency preparedness in hospitals are also discussed. Emphasis is placed on understanding biological effects of radiation, optimizing medical imaging and treatment practices, and implementing quality assurance protocols to ensure safety and compliance with national and international standards.
Recommended Textbook Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography 7th Edition by Mary Sherer
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14 Chapters
339 Verified Questions
339 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2025 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Radiation Protection
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a special form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of the material with which it interacts?
A) Ionizing radiation
B) Nonionizing radiation
C) Subatomic radiation
D) Ultrasonic radiation
Answer: A
Q2) The millisievert (mSv) is equal to:
A) 1/10 of a sievert.
B) 1/100 of a sievert.
C) 1/1000 of a sievert.
D) 1/10,000 of a sievert.
Answer: C
Q3) The term as low as reasonable achievable (ALARA) is synonymous with the term:
A) background equivalent radiation time (BERT).
B) equivalent dose (EqD).
C) diagnostic efficacy.
D) optimization for radiation protection (ORP).
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Through which of the following routes can radon enter houses?
1)Crawl spaces under living areas
2)Floor drains and sump pumps
3)Porous cement block foundations
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: D
Q2) The first decay product of radium is:
A) cesium.
B) radon.
C) strontium.
D) x-ray.
Answer: B
Q3) Of the two sources of ionizing radiation listed below,which source remains fairly constant from year to year?
A) Human-made
B) Natural
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Interaction of X-Radiation With Matter
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25 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The probability of occurrence of photoelectric absorption _________ as the energy of the incident photon decreases and the atomic number of the irradiated atoms
A) increases markedly, decreases B) decreases markedly, increases C) increases markedly, increases D) stays the same, increases
Answer: C
Q2) Differences in density level between radiographic images of adjacent structures as seen in a completed radiograph define:
A) image attenuation.
B) radiographic contrast.
C) radiographic density.
D) photodisintegration.
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Radiation Quantities and Units
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is correct?
A) 1 C/kg of dry air = ____1____ gray
2)58 x 10-4
B) 1 C/kg of dry air = ____1____ roentgen
2)58 x 10-4
C) 2.58 x 10-4 C/kg of dry air = 10 Sievert
D) 2.58 x 10-4 C/kg of dry air = 50 roentgen
Q2) Who discovered x-rays on November 8,1895?
A) Thomas A. Edison
B) Clarence Madison Dally
C) Louis Harold Gray
D) Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
Q3) Beta particles are actually:
A) gamma rays.
B) high-speed electrons.
C) protons.
D) x-rays.
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Chapter 5: Radiation Monitoring
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some of the advantages of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter are:
1)can be used for up to 1 year.
2)lightweight,durable,and easy to carry.
3)integrated,self-contained,preloaded packet.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
Q2) The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter is "read out" by using:
A) a densitometer.
B) an ionization chamber.
C) a thermoluminescent analyzer.
D) laser light at selected frequencies.
Q3) Which of the following items is not a basic component of the film badge dosimeter?
A) Radiographic film packet
B) Durable plastic film holder
C) Charged electrodes
D) Assortment of metal filters
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Chapter 6: Overview of Cell Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following causes an increase in cellular activity that in turn causes biochemical reactions to occur more rapidly to meet the needs of the cell?
A) Acetic acids
B) Enzymes
C) Hormones
D) Nucleic acids
Q2) A nucleotide is formed from a nitrogen-containing organic base,a ________________ molecule,and a phosphate molecule.
A) three-carbon sugar
B) five-carbon sugar
C) seven-carbon sugar
D) nine-carbon sugar
Q3) The steps,or rungs,of the DNA ladder-like structure consist of complementary chemicals that are:
A) acetic acids.
B) fatty acids.
C) pairs of nitrogenous bases.
D) sugar-phosphate compounds.
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8
Chapter 7: Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The radiation dose required to produce mitotic death is:
A) less than the dose needed to produce apoptosis in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells.
B) more than the dose needed to produce apoptosis in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells.
C) the same as the dose needed to produce apoptosis in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells.
D) nonexistent as mitotic death cannot be produced in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells by ionizing radiation.
Q2) Based on current data,which of the following would be considered a safe radiation dose for the gonads of both males and females?
A) 5 Gyt
B) 3 Gyt
C) 1 Gyt
D) 0 Gyt
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9
Chapter 8: Early Deterministic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are classified as early deterministic somatic effects of ionizing radiation?
A) Erythema, cataract formation, and cancer
B) Nausea, epilation, and intestinal disorders
C) Male and female sterility, embryologic defects, and cancer
D) Blood disorders, fever, and genetic effects
Q2) Moist and dry desquamation can be caused by:
A) high radiation doses.
B) low radiation doses.
C) radiation doses received during routine diagnostic imaging procedures.
D) radiation doses received during routine mammography.
Q3) Some local tissues sustain immediate consequences from high radiation doses.Examples of such tissues include:
1)bone marrow.
2)male and female reproductive organs.
3)skin.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
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Chapter 9: Late Deterministic and Stochastic Radiation
Effects on Organ Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies of postpartum patients treated with ionizing radiation for relief of mastitis are a group of individuals in whom the results of radiation exposure to healthy breast tissue indicate that radiation:
A) can cause breast cancer.
B) cannot cause breast cancer.
C) can cause breast enlargement.
D) can cause breast shrinkage.
Q2) After the 1986 nuclear power station accident in Chernobyl,Ukraine,an attempt was made to prevent thyroid cancer in children in Poland and some other countries as a consequence of accidental overdose of iodine-131; _______________ was administered as a substitute for take-up of iodine-131.
A) potassium bromide
B) sodium chloride
C) sodium bicarbonate
D) potassium iodide
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Chapter 10: Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following agencies was previously known as the Atomic Energy Commission?
A) FDA
B) ICRP
C) NCRP
D) NRC
Q2) The annual occupational effective dose (EfD) limit does not include:
1)personal medical radiation exposure from an imaging procedure.
2)natural background radiation exposure.
3)radiation exposure received on the job.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
Q3) The effective dose (EfD) limiting system supersedes:
A) all Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations.
B) all Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations.
C) the maximum permissible dose (MPD) system.
D) the Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act of 1981.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) When performing a mobile fluoroscopic procedure,to reduce the radiation exposure to the patient,the radiographer must use a minimal source-skin distance of:
A) 15 cm.
B) 30 cm.
C) 38 cm.
D) 45 cm.
Q2) Which of the following is not an x-ray beam limitation device?
A) Aperture diaphragm
B) Collimator
C) Filter
D) Extension cylinder
Q3) Depending on the area of the body being examined with a fluoroscopic image intensification system,for adult patients,a range of ______ kVp is generally used.
A) 30 to 60
B) 60 to 75
C) 75 to 110
D) 110 to 140
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Chapter 12: Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following types of gonadal shielding provides the best protection for a male patient when AP,oblique,and lateral projections are obtained?
A) Flat contact shield containing 1 mm of lead
B) Shadow shield
C) Shaped contact shield containing 1 mm of lead
D) None of the above because gonadal shielding is unnecessary for male patients of any age
Q2) Which of the following is frequently a problem in diagnostic pediatric radiography?
A) Lack of availability of appropriate pediatric immobilization devices
B) Lack of cooperation of parents or guardian
C) Lack of appropriate individuals to assist in holding a pediatric patient during an exposure
D) Patient motion
Q3) Poorly processed images on radiographic film will:
A) continue to have archival quality.
B) deteriorate over time.
C) lose only a minimal amount of archival quality over a 10-year period.
D) remain in their original condition.
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Chapter 13: Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation
Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the intensity of the x-ray beam is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source,how does the intensity of the x-ray beam change when the distance from the source of radiation and a measurement point is tripled?
A) It increases by a factor of 3 at the new distance.
B) It increases by a factor of 9 at the new distance.
C) It decreases by a factor of 9 at the new distance.
D) It decreases by a factor of 3 at the new distance.
Q2) The annual effective dose limit for individual members of the general population not occupationally exposed is ___________ for continuous or frequent exposures from artificial sources other than medical irradiation and natural background and ____________ for infrequent annual exposure.
A) 1 mSv, 5 mSv
B) 3 mSv, 7 mSv
C) 5 mSv, 9 mSv
D) 50 mSv, 25 mSv
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) The design of a _______________ imaging suite involves significant radiation safety concerns.
A) diagnostic x-ray
B) computed radiography
C) computed tomography
D) PET and CT
Q2) Iodine-125 (¹² I) in the form of titanium-encapsulated cylindrical seeds has been used quite extensively within the past decade to give a tumoricidal radiation equivalent dose for:
A) malignant brain tumors.
B) malignant breast tumors.
C) malignant lung tumors.
D) prostate cancers that are confined within the prostate gland.
Q3) Each Fluorine-18 (¹ F) nuclear transformation by positron decay yields two highly penetrating _________ photons.
A) 250-keV
B) 472-keV
C) 511-kev
D) 777-keV
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