Health Care Law and Ethics Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive overview of the legal and ethical principles that shape the delivery of health care. Students will explore topics such as patient rights and confidentiality, informed consent, malpractice, liability, and the regulatory environment governing health care professionals and institutions. The course also delves into contemporary ethical dilemmas in areas such as end-of-life care, genetic testing, reproductive rights, and resource allocation. Through case studies and discussion, students will develop a solid understanding of the interplay between law, policy, and ethical considerations in making decisions in the health care setting.
Recommended Textbook
Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing 3rd Canadian Edition by Margaret Burkhardt
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19 Chapters
317 Verified Questions
317 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Social, Philosophical, and Other Historical Forces
Influencing the Development of Nursing
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following concepts can be attributed to Florence Nightingale?
A)that caring for the body would bring healing to the mind and spirit
B)that separating clean and dirty conditions was important for patient healing
C)that nurses must embrace the traditional nurturing expectations of women D)that it was necessary to separate caring from curing in nursing practice
Answer: B
Q2) When was the "Dark Period of Nursing," when convalescent patients, prostitutes, prisoners, and drunkards provided hospital nursing care?
A)during the Reformation
B)during the Crusades
C)during the Middle Ages
D)during the early Christian era
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following had the greatest influence on nursing traditions in Canada?
A)Britain
B)indigenous persons
C)France
D)Germany
Answer: C
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Ethical Theory
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During a healthcare team meeting, the physician asks the other members of the team for their input on how best to care for a particular patient, rather than dictating a prescribed plan of care. What ethical theory does this situation best exemplify?
A)feminist ethics
B)relational ethics
C)hierarchy ethics
D)virtue ethics
Answer: B
Q2) What kind of philosophy is a nurse engaged in when debating what is considered good or bad, right or wrong?
A)empathy
B)sympathy
C)moral
D)virtualism
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Ethical Principles
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does the principle of beneficence require the nurse to do?
A)to separate personal from professional life
B)to prevent harm or evil and do good
C)to make the patient an active participant in their care
D)to morally regulate the conduct of others
Answer: B
Q2) A patient requests multiple cosmetic surgeries. At a certain point, the health care team questions whether the overall harm that will result from continuing to do these procedures will outweigh the benefits. Which ethical principle is most related to this discussion about weighing harms against benefits?
A)beneficence
B)non-maleficence
C)justice
D)veracity
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Values Clarification
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the correct terminology for the process of becoming more conscious of and expressing what we value or consider worthy?
A)journaling
B)values clarification
C)overt values
D)values conflict
Q2) What should nurses be aware of when working with patients regarding health care decisions?
A)personal and patient values
B)moral development and perceptions
C)conflicting values and priorities
D)institutional values and influence
Q3) When a patient is unable to clearly articulate their values, what is most likely to occur?
A)It may result in distress and feelings of marginalization.
B)It may result in frustration and negatively affect care.
C)It may result in an unwillingness to seek healthcare advice.
D)It may result in confusion and inadequate decision-making.
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Chapter 5: Values Development
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Piaget's stages of cognitive development, what is included in the pre-operational level?
A)punishment and obedience
B)environmental interaction and stimuli
C)language and logical thought
D)magical thinking and some reasoning
Q2) Whose frameworks do the discussions of moral development found in current literature primarily flow from?
A)Kohlberg and Gilligan
B)Piaget and Fowler
C)Thomas
D)Colby and Kohlberg
Q3) What is another term that can be used interchangeably with "human values development"?
A)moral development
B)faith development
C)ethical values
D)formal operations development
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Chapter 6: Ethical Decision Making
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which would be considered as part of the "Identify Options" stage of the ethical decision-making process?
A)questioning if the original ethical problem has been resolved
B)checking in with yourself and your moral barometer
C)determining which factors are morally significant
D)identifying whose decision this is to make
Q2) What step in the process of ethical decision making involves participants excluding results that are unacceptable, along with their potential consequences?
A)Identify options.
B)Determine moral perspective.
C)Gather data and identify conflicting moral claims.
D)Determine desired outcomes.
Q3) Which of the following best defines moral residue?
A)when there is a moral problem but you are unsure of the correct action
B)when there is a moral problem and a nurse seriously compromises their values repeatedly
C)self-knowledge combined with decision-making skill
D)the ability to make cogent moral decisions
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Chapter 7: Legal Issues
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term for a wrong or injury that a person suffers because of someone else's action, either intentional or unintentional?
A)negligence
B)tort
C)private law
D)breach
Q2) How are the majority of lawsuits against nurses and other health care professionals classified?
A)as accidental claims
B)as unintentional tort
C)as civil law
D)as indictable offences
Q3) Which law deals with the rights and obligations between two or more people who make agreements that can be enforced by law?
A)tort law
B)public law
C)contract law
D)private law
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Chapter 8: Professional Issues
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample
Questions
Q1) Which documents, developed within the profession as a guide for providing nursing care, can also be used as a consistent baseline to measure the practice of individual nurses?
A)external standards of nursing practice
B)internal standards of nursing practice
C)codes of nursing ethics
D)scope of practice statutes
Q2) Which of the following refers to being answerable to another person or persons for something one has done?
A)autonomy
B)expertise
C)authority
D)accountability
Q3) What is the foremost law that governs the regulation of nursing?
A)Coordination and Patient Choice Act
B)Controlled Acts Model
C)Scope of Practice Statute
D)Professions of Medicine Law
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Chapter 9: Professional Relationship Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Hello, my name is Dan Lee. I am a third-year nursing student who is part of the interprofessional team that will be caring for you during your hospitalization. I would like to hear about what brought you into the hospital." According to the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses (2000), what is this an example of?
A)professional values
B)personal values
C)an appeal to conscience
D)a fiduciary relationship
Q2) Which of the following would be described as "showing sympathy, care, and reciprocity to those with whom the nurse appropriately identifies, as well as working closely with others toward shared goals"?
A)self-sacrifice
B)loyalty
C)beneficence
D)leadership
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Chapter 10: Practice Issues Related to End Of Life Care
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16 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is synonymous with palliative care?
A)support of patients who face illness that is not responsive to curative treatment
B)aggressive treatment of chronic health problems to support symptom relief
C)short-term treatment for an episode of illness in an urgent manner
D)delivery of co-ordinated and continuous services for an acute disease or illness
Q2) What ethical dilemma may arise from the use of life-sustaining technologies associated with health care providers ?
A)having each person define a quality of life
B)when families typically opt for fewer interventions
C)that technology permits a more peaceful death
D)the idea that death is an enemy to be overcome
Q3) Since a prime nursing focus is to relieve suffering, what must nurses understand about health care technologies?
A)They are good because they always support a patient's health and well-being.
B)They may cause conflict between doing good and avoiding harm to patients.
C)They are necessary interventions even if they cause patients to suffer.
D)They may cause nurses to do harmful things to patients against their wishes.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Practice Issues Related to Patient
Self-Determination
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which source document acknowledges the importance of living wills by clearly identifying, promoting, and respecting informed decision making?
A)Substitute Decision Maker Proxy
B)Code of Ethics
C)Lifestyle Choices Policy
D)Advance Directives Act
Q2) A nurse encourages a patient to take narcotics for severe cancer pain. The patient is concerned about the possible side effects. The nurse gives the patient the narcotic and tells the patient; "It's for your own good and it's important to get your pain under control."
What is the nurse's behaviour an example of?
A)paternalism
B)justice
C)autonomy
D)competence
Q3) What is the legal protection of a patient's right to personal autonomy called?
A)paternalism
B)advanced directives
C)informed consent
D)competence
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Chapter 12: Scholarship Issues
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17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which document was developed to set forth principles for the ethical conduct of research in response to human rights violations during the Second World War?
A)World Humanities Research
B)CNA Code of Ethics
C)Nuremberg Code
D)Declaration of Helsinki
Q2) Whose integrity and honesty are of the utmost importance in the ethical treatment of data?
A)statistician
B)participants
C)researcher
D)data collector
Q3) Which of the following would be an example of plagiarism?
A)paraphrasing of the work of another and providing credit to that person
B)submitting your original work without citations
C)citing the work of another and using referencing
D)"cutting and pasting" sections from a previous paper you wrote into a current paper
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14
Chapter 13: The Future of Canadian Health Care:
Challenges and Priorities
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the concern about the term "medically necessary"?
A)There is a lack of clear definition, which creates inequities among the provinces.
B)There are different magnitudes of necessary, making decisions difficult.
C)What is medically necessary differs across ages and genders, and within medical diagnoses and concerns.
D)It is difficult to set out guidelines because physicians and nurses have very different opinions.
Q2) Which of the following is an example of the federal responsibility for health care?
A)evaluating physician and hospital care
B)delivering direct health care services to incarcerated persons
C)delivering and managing insured health services
D)managing some public health and prescription care
Q3) Which of the following is an example of provincial or territorial responsibility for health care?
A)deciding upon the principles for health care
B)delivering direct health care services to veterans
C)providing health-related functions such as health protection programs
D)evaluating physician and hospital care
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Chapter 14: Health Policy Issues
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term for plans of action that guide the actions of governments, institutions, corporations, and communities?
A)common law
B)policies
C)legislation
D)torts
Q2) A nursing professor is actively involved in lobbying for health policy issues. The professor tells the class that these activities are moral duties. What is the best explanation for this statement?
A)The nursing professor likely learned the sense of duty from her upbringing.
B)The nursing professor has a deontological ethical perspective.
C)The ICN code of ethics for nurses directs the professor to promote efforts to meet the health needs of society.
D)The nursing professor is attempting to influence the students' political action or influence the pursuit of health.
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Chapter 15: Economic Issues
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17 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term for an out-of-pocket payment that some provinces still require?
A)fee for service
B)premium
C)allied service fee
D)voluntary health fee
Q2) How does the Canada Health Act describe Canadian health care?
A)as a constitutional right
B)as facilitating reasonable access to health services
C)as the protection of basic needs, including a right to the protection of health
D)as treating health care as a commodity, not a right
Q3) Which of the following health care financing systems has a strong focus on the principle of autonomy?
A)fee for service
B)managed care
C)universal health insurance
D)single payer systems
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Chapter 16: Social Issues
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which ethical principle would lead to refusing to discharge an abused child to her home when there is a possibility of further injury?
A)non-maleficence
B)justice
C)beneficence
D)autonomy
Q2) Which of the following social determinants is extremely important for nurses to consider in the holistic care of any patient?
A)healthy relationships
B)chronic medical conditions
C)unhealthy diet
D)level of education
Q3) Which population shows an increased incidence of conditions associated with poor nutrition, inadequate exercise, and illnesses from environmental factors?
A)children living in poverty
B)adults living in poverty
C)elder population living in poverty
D)abused women living in poverty
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Chapter 17: Issues of Gender and Culture
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following does Williams identify as one of the several hidden advantages to being a man in nursing?
A)Men have increased responsibility and autonomy in health care.
B)Men learn and express caring faster than females.
C)Men are tracked into higher paying and more prestigious positions.
D)Men are territorial and authoritative with other health care professionals.
Q2) An experienced male nurse applies for a position in labour and delivery. Even though he is better qualified than other applicants, the nurse manager hires a female nurse. The manager explains that she wants to protect her patients from being uncomfortable with a male nurse. Which of the following is this situation an example of?
A)sexism
B)transcultural respect
C)nursism
D)societal expectations
Q3) When are transcultural issues and conflicts more likely to arise?
A)when nurses are aware of their own biases and judgments of others
B)when nurses judge other people's behaviour by their own cultural values
C)when nurses understand their own cultural beliefs and values
D)when nurses avoid judging others based on preconceived ideas
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Rural, Remote, and Indigenous Nursing in Canada
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following does the Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) identify as one of the eight attributes of nursing professional practice?
A)collegiality
B)consistency
C)accessibility
D)predictability
Q2) Which of the following is an objective of the Canadian Association for Rural and Remote Nursing?
A)to reduce inequities between groups and populations
B)to facilitate communication and networking
C)to regulate remote health care teamwork and interdisciplinary approaches
D)to highlight the professional and practice challenges of rural nursing
Q3) Who typically employs the nurses who provide care on First Nations reserves in most provinces in Canada?
A)Health Canada
B)First Nations band council
C)Indigenous community
D)Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada
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Chapter 19: Empowerment for Nurses
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following factors influences professional empowerment in nursing?
A)professional disobedience
B)support of professional colleagues
C)faith that the right thing is done
D)abdicating responsibility for decision making
Q2) Which of the following are qualities of the empowered nurse?
A)autonomy, future-oriented and goal-driven
B)puts the care of patients ahead of self
C)recognizes the power of the system
D)acknowledges the importance of self over the profession
Q3) A cancer patient expresses the desire to stop chemotherapy despite the medical advice that this is his only hope. What should his nurse's response be?
A)gather further information to facilitate health teaching about the chemotherapy
B)work towards accepting the patient's autonomy and right to make his own decision
C)notify the interprofessional team to meet to determine how to proceed
D)express disappointment in the decision and reinforce that he is making a suicide decision
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