Graduate Seminar in Counseling Ethics Test Bank
Course Introduction
This course offers an in-depth exploration of ethical principles and professional standards in the field of counseling. Through case studies, discussions, and critical analysis, students examine complex ethical dilemmas related to confidentiality, informed consent, dual relationships, multicultural competence, and professional boundaries. Emphasis is placed on the application of national codes of ethics, legal considerations, and the role of personal values in ethical decision-making. The seminar prepares graduate students to navigate ethical challenges in various counseling contexts, fostering a commitment to integrity and ethical practice as developing professionals.
Recommended Textbook
Ethics in Counseling and Therapy Developing an Ethical Identity 1st Edition by Rick A. Houser
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16 Chapters
638 Verified Questions
638 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1050 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the hermeneutic model. Who first suggested the use of this model in ethical decision making?
Answer: -Betan (1997) first suggested the use of a hermeneutic model of ethical decision making.
-For example, elements of the horizon in counseling and ethics may include a counselor's personal values, a supervisor's values, the client's values, professional codes, and so forth (Houser et al., 2006).
-Consequently the horizon provides the counselor with a picture of the elements of the ethical dilemma and facilitates the ethical decision.
-The hermeneutic model involves the use of interpreting and decision making combined with a heavy emphasis on social comparison or consultation with others, sharing cognitions about the decision (a counselor's sharing with a supervisor or colleague his or her thoughts/cognitions in making the decision), the use of metacognition, and reflecting on the decision-making process as it is implemented.
Q2) Making ethical decisions is never complex.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Professional Identity and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Schemas are generally developed around specific scripts or views of roles and situations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) An individual's social self-schema (i.e., the sum total of his or her social identities) is a unique knowledge structure in memory.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The 6 stage of Kohlberg's Moral Development model is:
A) Interpersonal conformity
B) Adherence to authority and laws
C) Principled ethics
D) Hedonistic orientation
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Awareness and Sensitivity to Ethical Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) ___________ (1957) was the first to introduce the theory of social comparison.
A) Festinger
B) Bazemore
C) Erikson
D) Wright
Answer: A
Q2) ________motivation is closely associated with empathy.
A) altruistic
B) selfish
C) egocentric
D) insensitive
Answer: A
Q3) Kurtines and Gewirtz proposed that acts of ethical behavior _______ future likelihood of such behavior because they increasingly establish the self and ethical identity.
A) reduce
B) do not effect
C) decrease
D) increase
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Cognitions and Reasoninghermeneutics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kohlberg (1969) argued that with general social development, individuals form an understanding of cooperation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The second-most-common complaint to state licensure boards against counselors involved:
A) Dual relationships
B) Competence
C) Inappropriate record keeping
D) Breach of confidentiality
Q3) The __________ population are projected through the year 2050 to continue to be the fastest growing races or ethnic groups.
A) White
B) Asian
C) Hispanic
D) American Indian
Q4) What is confidentiality and when is it important to break it?
Q5) Explain why autonomy is an important issue in ethical decision making for counselors.
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Chapter 5: Client Autonomy and Client Rights
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Sample Questions
Q1) Indicating its importance, the last code in the ACA Code of Ethics (American Counseling Association, 2005) states, "The primary responsibility of counselors is to respect the dignity and to promote the welfare of clients".
A)True
B)False
Q2) Assent does not hold the same legal status as consent.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Faden et al. (1986) noted that providing consent and informed consent prior to the 1900s was:
A) based on an attempt to obtain compliance
B) based on patient rights
C) based on civil rights
D) based on paternalism
Q4) The interpersonal circumplex model is based on which two dimensions:
A) supremacy and power
B) dominance and affiliation
C) dominance and power
D) affiliation and supremacy
Q5) What is assent and how would you go about obtaining it?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Dual Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Greeting a client in a public setting may unintentionally break confidentiality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _________ role theory provides insight into how boundaries may be understood
A) Social
B) Biological
C) Psychological
D) Ecological
Q3) When a counselor changes roles by becoming a supervisor this is referred to as:
A) Shifts in professional roles
B) Personal and professional role conflicts
C) Circumstantial multiple roles
D) Structured multiple roles
Q4) Avoiding dual relationships in certain circumstances is always possible.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Zur suggested one can differentiate boundaries into two categories. Describe these two categories.
Q6) Define dual relationships and give two examples.
Q7) Describe three types of touch that are appropriate for counseling.
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Chapter 7: Counselor Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Counselors who report good supervision indicate they have higher levels of counselor burnout/counselor fatigue syndrome.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The basic skills of communicating empathy require a connection with a client.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Acquiring or having the characteristics of being qualified, capable, and so forth guarantees counselor competence.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Mayer (2004) identified six steps in implementing evidence-based practice including all but which:
A) development of a question that needs to be addressed
B) evaluation of the results once the new approach is implemented.
C) a careful review of non scholarly magazines
D) careful analysis and critique of the identified study to be sure it applies,
Q5) Discuss three of the five stages of the stages of counselor development.
Q6) Discuss self-reflection and why it is important in counseling.
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Chapter 8: Diversity and Multicultural Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Pedersen, the third second stage in developing cultural competency is:
A) awareness of culturally learned assumptions
B) an awareness of the counselor's own worldview and biases
C) an understanding of culturally relevant facts
D) development of culturally appropriate interventions
Q2) In Asian families, the family's needs are many times placed ahead of an individual's needs, and a counselor needs to be aware of such family perspectives.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Culturally skilled counselors are not necessarily aware of their own cultural background and experiences, attitudes, and values.
A)True
B)False
Q4) This refers to the genetic makeup of the organism/human.
A) renotype
B) phenotype
C) genotype
D) khenotype
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Use of Technology and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) HIPAA stands for:
A) Health Insurance Portability and Answerability Act
B) Health Indemnity Portability and Accountability Act
C) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
D) Health Insurance Preventable and Accountability Act
Q2) Those who are young, affluent, well educated, and highly functioning appear likely to benefit the least from online counseling.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Racial differences may influence the use of and access to online counseling, with ______having the easiest access to the technology needed for participation in online counseling.
A) Asians
B) Whites
C) Blacks
D) Hispanics
Q4) One of the key issues for online clients appears to be the lack of nonverbal communication.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Supervision and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) There has been a considerable amount of writing about counseling supervision during the past ____ years.
A) 30
B) 50
C) 60
D) 70
Q2) This phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model coincides with the individual's beginning his or her professional academic training.
A) lay helper
B) novice professional
C) beginning student
D) advanced student
Q3) Compare and contrast clinical and administrative supervisors.
Q4) The counselor in this phase has a sense of accomplishment and is self-accepting.
A) lay helper
B) novice professional
C) experienced professional
D) senior professional
Q5) Describe in detail the second phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model.
Q6) Describe in detail the final phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model.
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Chapter 11: Ethical Use of Research in Counseling Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____________approach was noted to be effective with smoking, alcohol abuse, and screening behaviors
A) Solution Focused
B) Transtheoretical Model of Change
C) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
D) Rogerian
Q2) J. Carey and Dimmitt (2008) proposed that counselors should develop:
A) cognitive behavioral practice teams
B) scientific practice teams
C) evidence-based practice teams
D) ethical practice teams
Q3) Mayer (2004) proposed six steps in the EBP approach that are important to using it effectively in practice. Name and describe three of these steps.
Q4) The fourth principle in using EBP, according to Rousseau and McCarthy, is:
A) Focus on principles where the science is clear
B) Use of colleagues applying research evidence in practice
C) Develop decision awareness in professional practice
D) Focus on the identification of underlying factors that involve practice decisions
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Chapter 12: Professional Codes of Ethics and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) Researchers have found that slightly more than ___% of child abuse reports are completed by mandated reporters and the remainder are completed by neighbors and family members.
A) 50
B) 10
C) 20
D) 30
Q2) There are two major types of laws that potentially affect counselors:
A) Civil and Statutory
B) Civil and Criminal
C) Criminal and Common
D) Statutory and Common
Q3) ________is primarily focused on protecting the privacy of student records.
A) HERPA
B) QUIPA
C) HIPPA
D) FERPA
Q4) Describe FERPA and discuss why it is important for counselors.
Q5) What guidelines does the ACA Code of Ethics provide regarding working with clients who have HIV/AIDS?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Western Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Natural law theory is a morally absolute theory; it is relativistic.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Professionals are trained to develop the skills associated with best practice in their fields and a clear sense of their responsibility to society at large.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Natural law decisions or actions are right because they fulfill human nature, which is communicated by Buddha.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There were several early contributors to natural law. St. Augustine in the 13 century and St. Thomas Aquinas in the 4th century offered a Christian version of Aristotle's ethics.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Give a brief overview of Feminist Ethics.
Q6) Discuss the criteria that is relevant in determining whether an outcome is moral based or double effect.
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Chapter 14: Eastern Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) This theory is founded on making ethical decisions from rituals and practices.
A) Hinduism
B) Taoism
C) Buddhism
D) Confucianism
Q2) The history of Confucianism dates back more than _______ years.
A) 1,000
B) 2,000
C) 3,000
D) 4,000
Q3) According to Confucian ethics, what is Li?
Q4) Early developments of ________ originated from several pagan religious perspectives.
A) Hinduism
B) Taoism
C) Buddhism
D) Confucianism
Q5) List and describe The Four Noble Truths.
Q6) Give a brief overview of Confucianism.
Q7) What is Karma and how is it often misconstrued?
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Chapter 15: Middle Eastern Ethical Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) What city did Muhammad successfully conquer after three battles?
A) Galilee
B) Mecca
C) Medina
D) Babylon
Q2) One of the major writers on Muslim ethics was:
A) Abd al-Jabbar
B) Jabbar al-Abd
C) Kabbar al-Dba
D) Dba al-Kabbar
Q3) __________concerns engaging in socially good actions to help or injure others.
A) Justice
B) Benefit
C) Truthfulness
D) Willing good
Q4) It has been projected that Islam will become the second-largest religious group in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the four components of good?
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Chapter 16: Native American, Hispaniclatino, and African Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) There has been more than an 18% increase in Native American and Alaskan populations since 2000 and more than a 35% increase in Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to Hispanic/Latino ethics, what is Marianismo?
Q3) Compare and contrast the origins of Hispanic and Latino cultures.
Q4) There are more than ______ Native American tribes in the United States.
A) 400
B) 1000
C) 1500
D) 600
Q5) Discuss the importance of respect for other people in Native American ethics.
Q6) Latin American typically includes those from countries that were influenced by Spain, including South American, Central American, and Caribbean countries.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Give a brief overview of African ethics.
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