Governmental Leadership
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Governmental Leadership explores the theories, practices, and challenges of leading within the public sector. The course examines the unique roles and responsibilities of governmental leaders, including ethical considerations, decision-making processes, policy implementation, and crisis management. Students will analyze leadership styles, the dynamics of power and influence, and the interplay between elected officials, public administrators, and stakeholders. Through case studies and practical examples, learners will develop skills to navigate complex governmental environments and foster effective public leadership.
Recommended Textbook
Managing Human Behavior in Public and Nonprofit Organizations 3rd Edition by Robert B. Denhardt
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Organizational Behavior As a Way of Thinking and Acting
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following management functions involves self-knowledge and awareness of impact on others?
A) Interpersonal sensitivity
B) Communication
C) Representation
D) Monitoring Answer: A
Q2) Positive organizational scholarship focuses on what is wrong with people and their deficiencies,
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Frederick Taylor's overall purpose was to make workers more:
A) Satisfied
B) Empowered
C) Productive
D) Committed
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Knowing and Managing Yourself
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Sample Questions
Q1) For an employee with the ________ career anchor, flexibility is of primary importance.
A) Lifestyle
B) Autonomy
C) Entrepreneurial creativity
D) Pure challenge
Answer: B
Q2) People who do not trust others often are viewed by others as untrustworthy themselves.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) According to Kohlberg's model of moral development, in which of the following stages of development would cheating on an exam be considered acceptable?
A) Unconventional
B) Preconventional
C) Conventional
D) Postconventional
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Fostering Creativity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are not considered impediments to creativity?
A) Language barrier
B) Social barrier
C) Adherence to status quo
D) Exploring multiple options
Answer: D
Q2) In matrix analysis, a three-dimensional "idea box" is used to explore new ideas of alternatives.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Enumerate and explain key impediments to creativity in an organizational setting, using examples where appropriate.
Answer: varies
Q4) When people have opportunities to exercise creative problem solving, and have success in doing so, they can experience positive emotions, which can lead to more creativity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Managing Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast "Lifestyle adjustment" and "Attitude adjustment" as ways to cope with and manage stress.
Q2) During midlife years, employees may be focused on the search for meaning and ego integrity.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the sources of stress which may be related to home-work connections based on the different stages of life of an individual.
Q4) Among the following life events, pick the one, which is least stressful?
A) Marriage
B) Retirement
C) Pregnancy
D) Trouble with boss
Q5) The Yerkes-Dodson law suggests that when:
A) Stress levels are too high, performance will suffer.
B) Stress levels are too low, performance will suffer.
C) Stress levels are too high, performance will increase.
D) Stress levels are too low, performance will increase.
Q6) Describe the various stages in the General Adaptation Syndrome.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Focus groups are a popular method for receiving input:
A) From a large number of participants
B) From a focused group of participants
C) From both large and small group of participants
D) None of the above
Q2) Non-programmed decisions involve difficult problem solving.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the implication of ethics in decision making in a public service setting.
Q4) The modern rational choice models introduce the element of:
A) Self-interest
B) Public-interest
C) Private-public interest
D) None of the above
Q5) Explain the RAPID technique of decision making.
Q6) The decision roles should be determined by organization chart.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Compare and contrast programmed decisions and non-programmed decisions.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Motivating Self and Others
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Sample Questions
Q1) People with high self-efficacy tend to:
A) Set reasonable goals and exceed expectations
B) Set high personal goals and to perform well
C) Set achievable goals and share their accomplishments
D) Set high goals and consistently do not achieve them
Q2) Millennials (or generation "Ý") are "the most educated, well-traveled, and technologically sophisticated generation." This is a generation that "works to live rather than lives to work"
A)True
B)False
Q3) Projection is a mental process in which we:
A) Attribute or assign our own feelings, motives, or qualities to other people
B) Chart the feelings, motives, or qualities of other people
C) Ignore the feelings, motives, or qualities of other people
D) Influence the feelings, motives or qualities of other people
Q4) Participation influences motivation because it reduces the amount of information that people have on the expected outcomes of performance
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Leadership in Public Organizations
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Q1) Leadership is determined not by possession of certain traits but rather through a relationship between the leader and members of a group.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is NOT one of the nine cultural dimensions comprising the GLOBE model?
A) Performance orientation
B) Human orientation
C) Unassertiveness
D) Uncertainty avoidance
Q3) ________ refers to the degree to which the position enables the leader to get others to comply with his or her directions.
A) Position power
B) Task structure
C) Personal relationships
D) Compliance
Q4) Describe the Managerial Grid. What types of leaders are represented in each square of the grid?
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Chapter 8: Power and Organizational Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ management is an attempt to influence how others perceive us.
A) Political
B) Power
C) Impression
D) None of the above
Q2) Positive organizational politics is more about self-interest and manipulation and less about emotional health and intelligence.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ________ power occurs where there are differing spheres of influence between parties.
A) Overt
B) Integral
C) Intercursive
D) None of the above
Q4) The human relations movement during the 1960s and 1970s challenged the idea that the job of management was to manipulate workers for the benefit of organizations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Communicating Effectively With Others
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss some of the key issues to keep in mind when exploring the communication process. What are some potential pitfalls?
Q2) The greater the discrepancy in clout between the influencer and the target, the greater the likelihood that hard tactics will be used.
A)True
B)False
Q3) People view the world through different lenses shaped by our accumulated perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and interpretations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Brenda often tries to make herself look good by making others look bad. This type of communication is known as:
A) One-upmanship
B) Falsehoods
C) Put-downs
D) Defensive
Q5) Discuss the components of supportive communication. Provide examples to support your discussion.
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Chapter 10: Working in Groups and Teams
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following researchers outlined procedures for using groups successfully to introduce changes at both the individual and organizational levels?
A) McGrath and Altman
B) Schein and Bennis
C) Elton & Mayo
D) Hawthorne & Elkins
Q2) Jamal encourages risk taking and is appreciated for his or her candor and openness. He is most likely a:
A) Challenger
B) Communicator
C) Collaborator
D) Contributor
Q3) How do you assess team performance? What are some questions you should use to evaluate team performance? Discuss, providing relevant examples where appropriate.
Q4) It is crucial to the success of teams that team members respect and trust each other.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Managing Conflict
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Sample Questions
Q1) Until the 1940s, the role of the manager was to eliminate conflict in the workplace, usually by punishing the perceived initiators.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ________ has been found to be an initial predictor of poor performance.
A) Satisfaction
B) Complacency
C) Contentment
D) Anxiety
Q3) External conflict helps to generate internal cohesion and group loyalty.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The most common source of internal conflict in an organization is insufficient or unsatisfactory ________.
A) Consequences
B) Rewards
C) Communication
D) Leadership
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Organizational Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the ways in which people's normal resistance to change may be overcome. How might changes be implemented more successfully?
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a possible limitation to implementing cultural change of an organization?
A) Cultural norms are deep-seated and may be quite resistant to change
B) Successful changes in an organization's culture typically occur over a long period of time
C) Different generations have different feelings towards change
D) Important ethical questions may arise as managers attempt to "manipulate" the norms and values of those in the organization
Q3) The systems approach is seen as a way of ensuring attention to the "big picture."
A)True
B)False
Q4) Artifacts and creations of a culture include:
A) Values of an organization
B) Patterns of behavior that are taken for granted
C) An emphasis on problem solving
D) Day-to-day operating routines
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14
Chapter 13: Representing the Organization on the Outside
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Sample Questions
Q1) The purpose of a ________ network is to prepare for problems that involve a great deal of uncertainty.
A) Service implementation
B) Information diffusion
C) Problem-solving
D) Community-capacity-building
Q2) During presentations before the legislature, you should:
A) Take your time and thoroughly answer all questions
B) When necessary, reinforce other's testimony through repetition
C) Prepare a fact-based opening statement
D) All of the above
Q3) Discuss the role of public managers in the past, present and future. How has their role changed over time?
Q4) Which of the following are methods of technologically-based communication?
A) Micro blogging
B) Wikis
C) RSS
D) All of the above
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15
Chapter 14: Managing Behavior in the Public Interest
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the field of public administration, both the goals and the manner in which they are pursued are of critical importance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The new public service begins with the idea that democratic principles and the following values are paramount.
A) Citizenship
B) Community
C) Participation in decision making
D) All of the above
Q3) In the context of the "new public service" what is the significance of serving citizens and not treating them as customers?
Q4) The new public service suggests that systems are likely to fail in the long term if insufficient attention is paid to the values and interests of individual members of an organization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the main tenets of the "new public service". How do they differ from traditional models?
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