Government and Society Exam Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores the dynamic relationship between government and society, examining how public institutions, political processes, and policy decisions shape and are shaped by social values, citizen participation, and cultural norms. Students will analyze the role of government in addressing societal challenges, such as inequality, public health, and civil rights, while considering the impact of social movements, public opinion, and interest groups on governance. Through case studies and theoretical frameworks, the course encourages critical thinking about the ways governments respond to societal needs and the responsibilities of individuals within a democratic society.
Recommended Textbook
American Government and Politics Today The Essentials 17th Edition by Barbara
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15 Chapters
1059 Verified Questions
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Page 2
A. Bardes
Chapter 1: The Democratic Republic
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Legitimacy is
A) the condition of having too much government.
B) popular acceptance of the right and power of a government or other entity to exercise liberty.
C) popular acceptance of the right and power of a government or other entity to exercise authority.
D) only needed in times of emergency.
E) possible with a narrow base of support.
Answer: C
Q2) Theorists describe pluralism as
A) the struggle between the poor and wealthy classes.
B) the struggle among groups to gain benefits for their members.
C) a theory of how democracy should not function.
D) a way to settle disputes by armed conflict.
E) a way for one group to dominate the political process.
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: The Constitution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ratification of the Constitution required the
A) approval of the thirteen state legislatures.
B) approval by nine out of thirteen state conventions.
C) approval of the thirteen state legislatures and two-thirds of Congress.
D) approval by popular vote in nine states.
E) None of the above is true.
Answer: B
Q2) A constitutional amendment can be proposed by
A) a national convention called by Congress at the request of two-thirds of the state legislatures.
B) a two-thirds vote in each chamber of Congress.
C) the legislatures in two-thirds the states.
D) a majority vote in both chambers of Congress provided the amendment is not vetoed by the president.
E) Options A and B are true.
Answer: E
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4
Chapter 3: Federalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Greek financial crisis has its roots in
A) overspending by previous Greek government officials.
B) excessive borrowing by previous Greek government officials.
C) the inability of Greece to devalue its currency.
D) the inability of Greece to be able to borrow from the European Central bank.
E) All of the above are true.
Answer: E
Q2) In United States v. Lopez (1995), the Supreme Court
A) held that Congress exceeded its constitutional authority.
B) said that Congress, in passing the Gun-Free School Zones Act, attempted to regulate an area that had nothing to do with commerce.
C) placed a limit on national government authority under the commerce clause.
D) All of the above are true.
E) None of the above is true.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Civil Liberties
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Osborne v. Ohio, the Supreme Court ruled that states can outlaw the possession of child pornography in the home
A) because owning the material perpetuates commercial demand for it and for the exploitation of the children involved.
B) to protect children who may be living in the home.
C) because it universally violates community standards.
D) because it encourages deviant behavior.
E) when it employs graphics, as opposed to mere text.
Q2) The Supreme Court began applying the Bill of Rights to state governments
A) immediately.
B) only after the impeachment of various justices was debated in Congress.
C) only in 1880, in cases dealing with criminal procedure.
D) only in 1925, in Gitlow v. New York, a case dealing with free speech.
E) only in 1940, in a case dealing with freedom of religion.
Q3) The Court has based the right to privacy on
A) the First Amendment.
B) the Third and Fourth Amendments.
C) the Fifth Amendment.
D) the Ninth Amendment.
E) All of the above are true.
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Chapter 5: Civil Rights
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Sample Questions
Q1) African American leader Malcolm X
A) supported the group known as the Underground Railroad.
B) agreed with King's philosophy of nonviolence.
C) believed in "black power" and racial separation.
D) believed in the philosophy of "turn the other cheek."
E) was one of King's closest colleagues.
Q2) The riot at Stonewall Inn that began the modern movement for equality for Gay Males and Lesbians was sparked by
A) a raid by police on a bar popular with gay men and lesbians.
B) a feeling in the gay and lesbian community that the police were targeting them for harassment.
C) anti-gay protestors who showed up at the bar.
D) an attempt by a gay couple to hold a marriage ceremony at the bar.
E) Options A and B are true.
Q3) The Fifteenth Amendment
A) outlawed slavery.
B) provided equal protection under the law.
C) gave eighteen-year-olds the right to vote.
D) states that the right to vote shall not be abridged on account of race.
E) gave women the right to vote.
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Chapter 6: Public Opinion and Political Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a recent study, high school students most often said they base their views on information they obtained from
A) mass media.
B) family.
C) peers.
D) school.
E) church.
Q2) Describe the significance and possible origins of the gender gap.
Q3) Since the early 1990s the American people have consistently shown more confidence in _________ than any other institution.
A) public schools
B) organized labor
C) big business
D) the military
E) television news
Q4) Explain the generalizations that can be made about the swings in political mood of the electorate.
Q5) Describe the history of public opinion polls and explain why they have sometimes been inaccurate in major electoral contests.
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Chapter 7: Interest Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of lobbyists in Washington has _________ since 2000.
A) decreased slightly
B) decreased extensively
C) stayed the same
D) increased slightly
E) more than doubled
Q2) The League of Women Voters
A) is officially non-partisan.
B) lobbies for government reform.
C) lobbied for the Equal Rights Amendment.
D) was founded in 1920.
E) All of the above are true.
Q3) Since 1960, the greatest growth in unionization has occurred among
A) military personnel.
B) professional athletes.
C) public employees.
D) private sector employees.
E) information technology employees.
Q4) Explain the indirect techniques used by interest groups.
Q5) What would be the unintended consequences if lobbying was abolished?
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Chapter 8: Political Parties
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Sample Questions
Q1) The presidential election of 1912 was unique because
A) the Democratic Party temporarily split in two.
B) the "Bull Moose" ticket candidate won the election.
C) the Republican Party was temporarily split that allowed Democrat Woodrow Wilson to be elected.
D) all of the major parties opposed progressivism.
E) the Socialist candidate almost won.
Q2) Describe the history of political parties in the United States.
Q3) Local party organizations are still important to local campaigns today because A) they provide foot soldiers for political campaigns.
B) local party leaders are influential in determining the party's candidates for national elections.
C) national parties are dependent on money from the local party leaders.
D) the local party leaders control social services.
E) they receive substantial coverage in the media.
Q4) Explain the differences between the party-in-the-electorate, the party organization, and the party-in-government.
Q5) Explore the role played by third parties in the United States.
Q6) Explain the activities of political parties at the national, state, and local levels.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Campaigns, Elections, and the Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following statements about low voter turnout are true \(\bold{except}\)
A) people do not vote because they feel the media is too focused on who is winning, rather than on policy.
B) it is much more common in most other countries to have low voter turnout than in the United States.
C) people feel their vote will not impact the election.
D) it results in the election of candidates who have received the votes of a small part of the voting-age population.
E) negative advertising turns people off to voting.
Q2) Advertising paid for by interest groups that support or oppose a candidate (or a candidate's position on an issue) without mentioning voting or elections is called
A) a PAC advertisement.
B) a soft-money contribution.
C) issue advocacy advertising.
D) a hard money expenditure.
E) payola profiteering and pilfering.
Q3) Which people are least likely to vote? How does this affect government policies?
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Page 11
Chapter 10: The Congress
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most powerful person in the House of Representatives is the
A) president of the House.
B) majority leader.
C) president pro tempore.
D) Speaker of the House.
E) chief whip.
Q2) A procedure by which a bill in the House of Representatives can be forced out of committee to the floor for a vote is called a
A) standing vote.
B) committee release.
C) discharge petition.
D) filibuster.
E) cloture vote.
Q3) The process of compromise by offering to trade support for a legislator's bill if they support yours is called
A) logrolling.
B) earmarking.
C) lawmaking.
D) horse trading.
E) pork trading.
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Chapter 11: The President
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the requirements and the process for becoming president. Include an explanation of the changes to that process after the passage of the Twelfth Amendment in 1824.
Q2) When the president receives a bill,
A) he/she can do nothing and in ten days the bill becomes a law without his/her signature.
B) it automatically becomes a law.
C) the bill goes back to Congress to make sure it is good enough to become a law.
D) he/she can sign it and it will become law.
E) Options A and D are true.
Q3) Presidential candidates have asked individuals to join the ticket as vice presidential candidates for all of the following reasons \(\bold{except}\)
A) to balance the ticket by region or political philosophy.
B) to attract groups of voters or appease party factions.
C) to reinforce one of the presidential candidate's strong points.
D) to shore up the presidential candidate's perceived weaknesses.
E) to serve as a co-president.
Q4) Analyze the president's functions as party chief and superpolitician.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: The Bureaucracy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The government bureaucracy is
A) managed by the President in his/her role as chief administrator.
B) funded by acts of Congress.
C) authorized by voter referendums.
D) Options A and B are true.
E) Options A, B, and C are true.
Q2) In 2008, the Trouble Asset Relief Program (TARP)
A) was used to create the government-sponsored enterprises, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
B) provided bailouts to homeowners who were upside down in their home loans.
C) was the first time the government intervened in a business failure in American history.
D) provided a bailout to banks, automobile companies, and the AIG insurance company.
E) helped small businesses expand during the economic downturn.
Q3) Describe three of the four following organizations of the executive branch: cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, independent regulatory agencies, or government corporations.
Q4) Explain the concepts of iron triangles and issue networks. What could be done to change the iron triangles?
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Page 14
Chapter 13: The Courts
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Sample Questions
Q1) A dissenting opinion can be important because
A) it represents the position of the chief justice of the Supreme Court.
B) it is the statement of the defendant's attorney to the Court.
C) in criminal law it must be carried out by local police.
D) it often forms the basis of the arguments used later to reverse the previous decision and establish a new precedent.
E) it means that the case cannot be used as a precedent.
Q2) A previous court decision that influences and is the basis for deciding later, similar cases is called
A) a precedent.
B) criminal law.
C) a judicial maxim.
D) common law.
E) statutory law.
Q3) Federal Judges are
A) appointed.
B) elected for four-year terms.
C) may be removed by the President for poor performance.
D) are appointed to the Supreme Court but elected to district courts.
E) Options C and D are true.
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Chapter 14: Domestic and Economic Policy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Gold Standard
A) was a law that set the value of a currency in terms of a specified quantity of gold.
B) was used by much of the world until the 1930s.
C) was finally eliminated in the United States by Richard Nixon in 1971.
D) is popular with some conservatives today.
E) All of the above are true.
Q2) With regard to the issue of oil and energy,
A) the United States' dependence on foreign oil is down sharply from just a few years ago.
B) a new technology called fracking is allowing more oil to be extracted from domestic and Canadian sources.
C) fracking can only extract oil, not natural gas.
D) the United States gets nearly 80 percent of its oil and gas from foreign sources.
E) Both options A and B are true.
Q3) Explain the impact of Keynesian economics on fiscal policy in the United States.
Q4) Explain the difference between progressive and regressive taxes. Would we be better served by simply employing a flat tax across the board?
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Foreign Policy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true of the terror attacks of 9/11?
A) Americans were forced to change their views of national security.
B) One of the major challenges for U.S. foreign and national security policy became how best to respond to an attack on the United States by China.
C) Americans found that the attacks on the World Trade Center had been planned and carried out by a terrorist network called al Qaeda.
D) Americans still knew that regional conflicts in other parts of the world had no direct impact on the United States.
E) Options A and C are true.
Q2) The Department of Defense
A) is smaller than the State Department.
B) was created in 1947, to gather all military activities under one department secretary.
C) is headed by the military joint chiefs of staff.
D) has consistently grown in size under every president.
E) is staffed entirely by uniformed personnel.
Q3) Describe the difference between moral idealism and political realism and provide examples of each from the history of American foreign policy.
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