Government and Public Policy Final
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Government and Public Policy examines the structures, processes, and functions of government institutions and their role in shaping public policy. The course explores how policies are formulated, implemented, and evaluated at local, national, and international levels. Students analyze the interplay between political actors, interest groups, and the public, and assess policy outcomes in areas such as health, education, and the environment. Through case studies and comparative analysis, the course encourages critical thinking about policy effectiveness, the challenges of governance, and the impact of political decision-making on society.
Recommended Textbook
We the People 11th Essentials Edition by Benjamin Ginsberg
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14 Chapters
1101 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction: the Citizen and Government
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Sample Questions
Q1) There are approximately ____ million people living in the United States without legal authorization and the majority of these people are from ________.
A) 2; Mexico and Central America
B) 6; Mexico and Central America
C) 12; Mexico and Central America
D) 12; Asia and Africa
Answer: C
Q2) The National Origins quota system
A) allowed a large quota of new immigrants from northern European countries but only a small quota of new immigrants from eastern and southern European countries.
B) allowed only a small quota of new immigrants from northern European countries but a large quota of immigrants from eastern and southern European countries.
C) allowed the same quota of new immigrants from every country around the world.
D) outlawed all immigration from European countries.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: The Founding and the Constitution
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Federalists believed that the powers of government could be limited by A) decreasing the powers of the executive branch, especially those of the vice president. B) confining the powers of the federal government to certain narrowly defined areas and by adding a bill of rights to the Constitution.
C) creating an internal system of checks and controls within government.
D) preventing government from collecting revenue through taxation.
Answer: C
Q2) ________ defended the British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre.
A) Thomas Jefferson
B) Samuel Adams
C) John Adams
D) John Hancock
Answer: C
Q3) The framers employed the separation of powers and federalism in order to A) prevent the new government from abusing its power.
B) end the slave trade.
C) create a replica of the British political system.
D) promote economic equality among all citizens.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Federalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which clauses of the U.S. Constitution involve the relationships between and among the various states?
A) the full faith and credit clause and the privileges and immunities clause
B) the full faith and credit clause and the federalism clause
C) the privileges and immunities clause and the federalism clause
D) the establishment clause and the privileges and immunities clause
Answer: A
Q2) Advocates of limiting the powers of the national government justify their position by pointing to the ________ of the U.S. Constitution.
A) commerce clause
B) necessary and proper clause
C) Tenth Amendment
D) due process clause
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following Supreme Court cases limited federal power?
A) United States v. Lopez and Printz v. United States
B) Gibbons v. Ogden and McCulloch v. Maryland
C) Gibbons v. Ogden and Brown v. Board of Education
D) McCulloch v. Maryland and Brown v. Board of Education
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights
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Sample Questions
Q1) After the Civil War, which amendments to the U.S. Constitution offered African Americans the most hope for achieving full citizenship rights?
A) the First, Second, and Third amendments
B) the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh amendments
C) the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments
D) The Twentieth, Twenty-First, and Twenty-Second amendments
Q2) Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court's first ruling on the nationalization of the Bill of Rights in 1833?
A) The takings clause restricts national and state governments but not local governments.
B) The Bill of Rights should not be used if a state's constitution already contains its own bill of rights.
C) The takings clause does not cover accidents caused by government officials.
D) The Bill of Rights limits the national government but not state governments.
Q3) The Supreme Court began to change its position on racial discrimination in the
A) 1890s.
B) 1910s.
C) 1930s.
D) 1960s.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Public Opinion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The small group selected by pollsters to represent the entire population is called a
A) validity quotient.
B) reliability quotient.
C) sample.
D) quota.
Q2) The fact that survey respondents overreport voting in elections and the frequency of their church attendance is an example of the ________ effect.
A) Hawthorne
B) coattail
C) social desirability
D) bandwagon
Q3) ________ is one of the most important mechanisms for promoting equality of opportunity.
A) Public education
B) Affirmative action
C) Transportation
D) Commerce
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Chapter 6: The Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) Journalists exhibit selection biases in favor of news stories they view as
A) favorable to leaders and issues they support.
B) having a great deal of dramatic or entertainment value.
C) sympathetic to the government as a whole.
D) critical of leaders and issues they oppose.
Q2) Low-level officials who hope to publicize what they view as their bosses' or the government's improper activities are usually called
A) "bell ringers."
B) "whistle-blowers."
C) "adversarial journalists."
D) "watchdogs."
Q3) About ________ percent of Americans use Twitter.
A) 3
B) 13
C) 23
D) 53
Q4) The content and character of news programming can have far-reaching political consequences. Discuss three kinds of media effects and give a detailed example of each. Is there any bias in the kind of issues media chooses to report? Explain.
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Chapter 7: Political Parties, Participation, and Elections
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Sample Questions
Q1) Write an essay that explains why people vote. In your answer, be sure to cite specific evidence to show how the factors you mention are related to voter turnout.
Q2) A proposed law or policy change that is placed on the ballot by citizens or interest groups for a popular vote is called a
A) ballot initiative.
B) grassroots amendment.
C) people's compact.
D) popular directive.
Q3) ________ is the practice of tailoring campaign messages to individuals in small, homogenous groups.
A) Micro-targeting
B) Winnowing
C) Message bundling
D) Redlining
Q4) What is the ultimate goal of a political party?
A) raising the most money
B) creating the party platform
C) winning elections
D) nominating candidates
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Chapter 8: Interest Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a theoretical assumption of pluralism?
A) Competition among interests will produce balance, with all interests regulating each other.
B) Competition among interests will produce extreme public policy, with one interest dominating all others.
C) Only some interests should be free to compete for influence in the United States.
D) All interests are not equally free to compete for influence in the United States.
Q2) The Sierra Club is a(n) ________ group.
A) public interest
B) ideological
C) labor
D) business
Q3) Since the 1930s, the number and scale of interest groups at the national level has
A) dramatically increased.
B) experienced relatively modest growth.
C) remained relatively stagnant.
D) experienced relatively modest decline.
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Chapter 9: Congress
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Sample Questions
Q1) The jurisdiction of standing committees
A) is related to a specific geographic region.
B) is defined by the subject matter of legislation, which often parallels the major cabinet departments or agencies.
C) is determined by the different political parties.
D) often overlaps with the jurisdiction of select committees.
Q2) The Senate Watergate committee of 1973 is an example of a ________ committee.
A) conference
B) joint
C) select
D) standing
Q3) The role that the U.S. House of Representatives plays in impeachments can best be compared with that of a A) judge.
B) grand jury.
C) prosecuting attorney.
D) defense attorney.
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Chapter 10: The Presidency
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the general tendency of a president's popularity?
A) Presidents usually begin with moderate ratings that move drastically up or down, depending on their success.
B) Presidents usually start out popular and decline over the next four years.
C) Presidents usually maintain the public approval ratings they had when entering office, unless there is an economic recession or international crisis.
D) Presidents usually begin very unpopular and increase their popularity significantly as their terms in office continue.
Q2) Congress's tendency in recent years to give executive agencies fewer clear guidelines for implementing laws is the result of
A) the greater scope and complexity of the tasks that American government has undertaken.
B) the reduced scope and complexity of the tasks that American government has undertaken.
C) frequent requests made by state governments to transfer more power to the executive branch.
D) numerous initiatives passed by voters that require less legislative specificity.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Bureaucracy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about congressional oversight of the bureaucracy is most accurate?
A) The number of oversight hearings has decreased over time as the bureaucracy has expanded.
B) Although the number of oversight hearings has increased over time as the bureaucracy has expanded, the extent of oversight does depend somewhat on which party controls the White House.
C) The number of oversight hearings has remained constant over time despite the fact that bureaucracy has expanded.
D) Oversight has been eliminated as a result of a 2012 Supreme Court decision.
Q2) Which of the following is an independent agency?
A) the U.S. Postal Service
B) the Department of Agriculture
C) the Environmental Protection Agency
D) the Forest Service
Q3) Describe the challenge of bureaucratic accountability. What is oversight and how does congressional action shape bureaucratic responsibility? What are some possible ways in which the president can gain more control of the bureaucracy?
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13
Chapter 12: The Federal Courts
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Sample Questions
Q1) In all of American history, the Supreme Court has concluded that fewer than ____ acts of Congress have directly violated the Constitution.
A) 18
B) 50
C) 100
D) 160
Q2) Medical malpractice suits are good examples of ________ cases.
A) tort
B) amicus curiae
C) habeas corpus
D) stare decisis
Q3) In recent years, federal court appointments have
A) been characterized by strict neutrality on the part of Congress.
B) attracted very little attention from the media and special interest groups.
C) been characterized by intense partisan and ideological efforts to support or defeat the candidate.
D) been unaffected by ideological concerns.
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Chapter 13: Domestic Policy
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Sample Questions
Q1) A cost-of-living adjustment is based on the A) financing approved by Congress during each session.
B) rate of inflation.
C) relationship between the level of the federal deficit compared to the nation's gross national product.
D) changing needs of each recipient.
Q2) Currently, the average monthly Social Security payment is ________ per month.
A) $325
B) $757
C) $1,000
D) $1,335
Q3) Part of the reason welfare programs became so unpopular was that
A) many Americans came to believe that welfare recipients did not want to work.
B) the programs were completely taken over by the federal government rather than having input from state and local governments.
C) the programs were completely taken over by state and local governments rather than having input from the federal government.
D) federal judges frequently ruled them to be unconstitutional.
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15
Chapter 14: Foreign Policy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The North American Free Trade Agreement is a(n)
A) trade treaty between Mexico, Canada, and the United States designed to lower and eliminate tariffs.
B) executive agreement between the United States and the other nations of North and Central America, giving one another most favored-nation trade status.
C) treaty between the United States, Canada, and Mexico pledging a unified strategy regarding trade with Asia and Europe.
D) executive agreement reducing trade and immigration barriers throughout North America.
Q2) The World Bank's chief mission is to
A) provide development aid to poor countries.
B) set the exchange rate for transferring money from one country to another.
C) handle the finances of the United Nations.
D) store the official gold reserves that back up the world's financial system.
Q3) In a crisis, which of the following has the greatest foreign policy influence?
A) the president
B) Congress
C) the Senate
D) the public
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Page 16