Globalization and Development
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
This course explores the complex interplay between globalization and development, examining how global economic, political, and cultural processes influence growth, inequality, and social change in different regions of the world. Students will analyze the historical evolution of globalization, its impact on states and societies, and the ways in which international institutions, multinational corporations, and non-governmental organizations shape development outcomes. Through case studies and critical discussion, the course addresses key debates such as the effects of trade liberalization, migration, global governance, and the challenges of sustainable and inclusive development in a rapidly integrating world.
Recommended Textbook
Development Economics Theory Empirical Research and Policy Analysis 1st Edition by Julie Schaffner
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22 Chapters
608 Verified Questions
608 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Development Economics Good
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Sample Questions
Q1) The accumulation of assets is central to understanding development,assets can be broadly grouped into the following categories EXCEPT:
A) Business assets
B) Infrastructure assets
C) Inflation assets
D) Human assets
Answer: C
Q2) All of the following are examples of development indicators except:
A) Economic growth rates
B) Poverty
C) Interest rates
D) Income
Answer: C
Q3) What is the official poverty threshold in the United States?
A) $1 per person per day
B) $2 per person per day
C) $13 per person per day
D) $100 per person per day
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Well-Being
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Basic foods are very important in the budgets of low income households.According to the study of Banerjee and Duflo (2007),it is common for the low income households to spend _____ of their total consumption budget on food.
A) <10%
B) 10% - 50%
C) 50% - 90%
D) >90%
Answer: C
Q2) Amanda and Bill consume the exact same quantities of every consumption item,but Amanda gets to make her consumption choice decisions on how to spend her income while Bill's consumption levels are dictated by the government.According to economist-philosophers like Amartya Sen,which of the following statement is true?
A) Amanda has a higher well-being
B) Bill has a higher well-being
C) Amanda and Bill have the same well-being since the utility from the consumption choices is the same for both of them.
D) There is no way we can compare Amanda and Bill's well-being.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Economic Growth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is understanding growth in aggregate labor productivity important for understanding economic growth?
Answer: Aggregate labor productivity is the average value of output produced per worker in the economy's farms,family enterprises,firms and other operations.Economic growth is defined as increase in real per capita income which increases when the total value of goods and services produced in the economy rises faster than the number of people available to produce it.Therefore,if we want to identify the proximate sources of growth,we must identify the factors that increase aggregate labor productivity.
Q2) A loaf of bread purchased by your professor would be described as
A) an intermediate good.
B) a final good.
C) a financial good.
D) a used good.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Economic Growth Theory in Historical Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) In an economic model:
A) exogenous variables and endogenous variables are both given from outside the model.
B) exogenous variables and endogenous variables are both determined by solving the system of equations.
C) endogenous variables influence exogenous variables.
D) exogenous variables influence endogenous variables.
Q2) "Unconditional convergence" indicates
A) poor countries will grow faster than rich countries.
B) rich countries will grow faster than poor countries.
C) poor countries and rich countries will grow at the same growth rate.
D) poor countries will reach a lower level of steady state level of per capita income.
Q3) In the Harrod-Domar growth model,suppose the model is in stable status,which means \[s / v - d\] is just equal to n,total GDP would ________ and GDP per capita would ________.
A) increase; remain constant
B) increase; increase
C) remain constant; increase
D) remain constant; remain constant
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Poverty,Inequality and Vulnerability
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Sample Questions
Q1) From the World Development Indicators 2012,the Poverty Gap Index using $2 per day poverty line in Ethiopia was 28.9 and in Haiti was 46.7.It means:
A) In Ethiopia,poverty is more widespread.
B) In Haiti,poverty is more widespread.
C) In Ethiopia,poverty is deeper.
D) In Haiti,poverty is deeper.
Q2) If everyone in an economy had the exactly same level of income,what would the value of the Gini coefficient?
A) 0.0
B) 0.5
C) 1.0
D) infinity.
Q3) All of the following is examples of Ex ante coping mechanisms except:
A) precautionary saving.
B) participation in informal insurance arrangements.
C) take out loans to smooth consumption.
D) use of insecticide-treated bed nets.
Q4) What is involved in constructing a measure of poverty?
Q5) What is involved in constructing a measure of inequality?
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Chapter 6: Consumption, Time Allocation and Production
Choices
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Sample Questions
Q1) Joshua has income endowment of $1,000,the price of food is $2 per unit and the price of non-food is $4 per unit.If he spent all of his income on food,how many units of food can he buy?
A) 1,000 units.
B) 250 units.
C) 500 units.
D) 0 unit.
Q2) Why is labor demand a derived demand? Explain.What is a linkage between markets?
Q3) If consumers' income increases and the consumption for food decreases,then we can conclude:
A) food is a normal good.
B) food is an inferior good.
C) consumers are not rational.
D) this situation does not happen in developing countries.
Q4) Most analysts agree that if prices and wages had held constant,adoption of Green Revolution seed varieties would have increased the quantity of labor demanded in agriculture.Discuss.
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Chapter 7: Houesholds
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the endowment of the wage labor household?
A) Non-labor income.
B) Total time available.
C) Both a and b.
D) Labor income.
Q2) Which of the following is true about non-farm households?
A) Non-farm households are less likely than food crop farmers to consume large quantities of the goods or services they produce.
B) Non-farm households are more likely than food crop farmers to consume large quantities of the goods or services they produce.
C) Non-farm households are more likely to be net sellers in output markets
D) Increasing in food prices tend to increase the non-farm households' purchasing power.
Q3) Which of the following will always benefit the incapacitated households?
A) Increases in food prices.
B) increases in wages.
C) economic growth.
D) transfer of income from the rest of society.
Q4) How can rising incomes reduce gender gaps in consumption?
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Chapter 8: Domestic Markets for Goods and Services
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a market is in importing equilibrium,an increase in demand will:
A) Increase consumption but leave the local price unchanged
B) Increase consumption and the local price
C) Decrease consumption and the local price
D) Increase consumption and decrease the local price
Q2) According to Figure 8.2,if we define LIP as the local import price,EP as the external market price,LEP as the local export price,and AP as the autarky price,and if trade with big city were possible,which panel describes a situation where buyers and sellers will chose not trade at all with big city?
A) Panel a
B) Panel b
C) Panel c
D) That situation is not described by any of the panels
Q3) Which of the following changes would shift the supply schedule to the right?
A) Increase in the price of inputs
B) Increase in the price of the output
C) Decrease in the price of an alternative product produced with similar resources
D) Improvements in technology
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Chapter 9: Labor Markets
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Sample Questions
Q1) Successful economic growth requires structural changes or
A) Changing the natural rate of unemployment
B) Shifts in the nature and location of economic activity
C) Increasing structural unemployment
D) Building new machines or factories
Q2) What has empirical research pointed to as the most important determinants of migration decisions? Include four or more conditions that could lead to increased migration.
Q3) Which of the following is not an investment in human capital?
A) acquisition of skills through primary and secondary schools
B) Job Training
C) Learning by doing tasks on the job
D) Purchasing a tool to improve labor productivity
Q4) Under which conditions can investments and innovations that lead to the same rate of economic growth make it more likely to channel benefits to low-wage workers than others?
Q5) What is the effect of a technological improvement that only affects some firms in the market?
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Chapter 10: Investment and Financial Markets
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Sample Questions
Q1) If Susan multiplies by the discount factor once to utility experienced in period 1,twice to utility in period two,and t times to utility experienced t periods into the future.She is said to employ _________ when assessing the value of future consumption and utility.
A) Constant discounting
B) Decreasing discounting
C) Zero discounting
D) Increasing discounting
Q2) Suppose that only three states of the world - bad (b),normal (n)and good (g)- are possible,and suppose that the normal state occurs with probability 0.5,while the bad and good states each occur with probability 0.25.Consider two investment projects for which the returns in the three states are given in.What is the expected return for Project 2?
A) 50
B) 100
C) 150
D) 200
Q3) How do well-functioning markets for loanable funds encourage economic growth and allow a larger set of investors to participate in growth?
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Chapter 11: International Markets and General Equilibrium
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Sample Questions
Q1) The specific factors model is considered as a model of general equilibrium in the "short-run" because ________.
A) labor cannot move from one sector to another
B) labor can move from one sector to another
C) capital can move from one sector to another
D) capital and land are each specific to one sector
Q2) In the world market for shoes,recovery from economic crisis in Europe will shift the global ________ schedule for shoes to the ________.
A) demand; right
B) demand; left
C) supply; right
D) supply; left
Q3) In the specific factors model,at the general equilibrium,if the wage per worker is $10 an hour and the price of food is $2,000 per ton,the marginal product of labor of food production is ________.
A) 20,000
B) 0.005
C) 1
D) 200
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Chapter 12: Institutions and Cooperation
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Sample Questions
Q1) In standard games theory each player is assumed to derive utility only from current or future consumption with no concern for the impacts of their choice on others.This is called ________ preferences.
A) classical
B) neoclassical
C) behavioral
D) Lexicographic
Q2) Norms dictating that any community member earning unusually high income give transfers to members with lower incomes ________ individuals' incentives to invest and innovate,because individuals must bear ________ of innovation while expecting to enjoy ________ the returns.
A) reduce; a fraction of the cost; all of
B) increase; a fraction of the cost; only a fraction
C) reduce; the full cost; only a fraction of
D) increase; the full cost; all of
Q3) What is the important lesson that the prisoners' dilemma game show us?
Q4) Why do community-level institutions in developing countries merit close study? Provide three reasons.
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14
Chapter 13: Policy Governance and Political Economy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The benefits a private decision-maker can appropriate are the:
A) Efficient amount of benefits a policy can bring
B) Benefits at the socially optimal quantity
C) Benefits he can claim for himself and dispose of as he wishes.
D) Benefits a social planner assigns to a participant in a program
Q2) How can foreign aid do more harm than good,from a development standpoint?
A) When it adds to corruption
B) When the majority of the aid does not reach its target population
C) By financing investment in the wrong types areas.
D) By weakening society's capacity to hold policy makers accountable
Q3) When consumption by one person does not reduce the potential for consumption by others good is said to be ___________.
A) Rival
B) Non-rival
C) Excludable
D) Non-excludable
Q4) How can agents be held accountable for their choices and under what conditions will various schemes work to ensure feasible accountability?
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Policy Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the seven questions policy maker use to guide a poly analyst through comprehensive study of a policy's benefits and costs?
Q2) A policy can include all of the following except?
A) Taxes on imports
B) Projects to build wells for drinking water
C) Creation of a microfinance institution
D) All of the above are potential policies
Q3) A policy's objectives include_________.
A) Setting the target group
B) Social costs
C) Typically involves improving the well-being for society as w whole
D) Spillover and feedback effects
Q4) When spillover effects are worked out in _______,they are only likely to be significant if the program is __________ relative to the market
A) Private institutions; large
B) Private institutions; small
C) Markets; small
D) Markets; large
Q5) What are the fundamental objectives in policy analysis?
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Chapter 15: Targeted Transfer Programs
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a transfer program strengthens incentives towards behaviors that are rewarded by eligibility,they induce incentive effects.Give two examples of an intended behavior incentive effect and at least one example of an unintended incentive.
Q2) The increase in a household's well-being resulting from participation in a targeted transfer program becomes larger (all else equal)when?
A) The program raises the household's non-labor income by more; or when it requires to households to undertake fewer costly behaviors
B) The program raises the household's labor income by more; or when it requires the household to undertake more costly behaviors
C) The program raises the household's asset value; or simply increases their labor hours
D) The program lowers the threshold to qualify for the program; or includes more poor families into the program
Q3) Why might transfer programs fail to raise participants' non-labor income by the full amount of the transfer?
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Chapter 16: Workfare
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Sample Questions
Q1) Workfare programs are _______ likely than other targeted transfer programs to generate spillover effects through labor markets,because they may significantly
A) More; increase local supply of labor
B) Less; increase local demand for labor
C) More; increase local demand for labor
D) Less; decrease local supply of labor
Q2) According to figure 16.3which graph depicts a labor market that is categorized by under and unemployment?
A) Figure 16.3A
B) Figure 16.3B
C) Neither figure shows unemployment
D) There is unemployment in both figure A and B
Q3) All of the following are reasons why a household would choose to participate in a workfare program except:
A) If they already have a job as a high skilled worker at a less than competitive wage
B) If they are aware of the program
C) If they believe the benefits outweigh the costs
D) If they are deemed eligible
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Chapter 17: Agricultural Market Interactions and Reforms
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Sample Questions
Q1) When governments build up a buffer stock,they are attempting to:
A) Cause shortages
B) Cause surpluses
C) Stabilize prices
D) End shortages and surpluses
Q2) How can increasing the export tax rate may even cause tax revenue to fall?
Q3) When governments tax,subsidize or regulate market transactions they are _________ in the market
A) disturbing
B) interrupting
C) intervening
D) improving
Q4) All of the following results of a price increase can lead to an increase in economic growth except?
A) Increases in income among liquidity constrained farmers may allow them to climb out of poverty and invest
B) Profound changes to the distribution of income
C) A significant increase in efficiency improvements
D) Allows the country to take better advantage of their comparative advantage
Q5) How can an increase in the price of a good introduce intra-household effects?
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Chapter 18: Infrastructure Policies and Programs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a private cost of current infrastructure service?
A) An increase in food prices
B) More time may be required to use the new infrastructure service
C) An increase in wage costs
D) Maintenance
Q2) Describe how switching from using substitute services to new infrastructure may improve well-being? (Include at least three new infrastructure services)
Q3) Use-rates among the poor may _________,all else equal,as fees ______,service quality _________,physical access to the services by the poor becomes
A) Rise; rise; falls; easier
B) Fall; decrease; falls; easier
C) Drop-off; rise; falls; more difficult
D) Rise; rise; fall; more difficult
Q4) What is administrative targeting?
A) Involves the use of means tests or categorical restrictions
B) Involves offering different levels of quality
C) Involves different prices for different quantities
D) By far the most common approach for getting subsidies to the poor
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Chapter 19: Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) How were empirical studies on the determinants of learning conducted in the past?
A) With regressions of average test scores on various measures of school inputs
B) With regressions of average math score on numbers of textbooks
C) With regressions that included every relevant variable
D) With current data and future data only.
Q2) What are the potential benefits and costs of eliminating school fees?
Q3) Which of the following is a significant down-side to eliminating school fees?
A) An increased in enrollment especially from children of wealthier households
B) A increase in corruption as schools require voluntary contributions from parents
C) The impact on most households income is insignificant
D) An increase in enrollment especially from children of poorer households
Q4) Household schooling opportunities are defined by supply-side and demand-side policy implementation outcomes.All of the following are supply-side elements except?
A) Tuition
B) Quality and content of educational services
C) Number of students in each class
D) Primary language of instruction
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Chapter 20: Agricultural Research and Extension
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following effects from adopting a new agricultural technology is considered a spillover effect?
A) When technical change leads to an increased crop yield
B) When technical change lowers the cost of labor for a farm
C) When technical change leads to an increase in food supply lowering the price of food
D) When technical change leads to an decrease in farm profit
Q2) Discuss the direct and indirect effects of adopting a new agricultural technology.(Include at least 2 examples of positive effects and negative effects for each case).
Q3) Which three groups are crucial to putting technical change in agriculture into practice?
A) Managers,laborers,and farmers
B) Agricultural researchers,extension agents,and end users
C) Farmers,bankers,and government bureaucrats
D) Managers of agricultural research institutions,large corporations,and small businesses
Q4) What are some rationales for government intervention in agricultural research?
Q5) How does the tacit nature of technological knowledge complicate the job of an extension agent?
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Chapter 21: Microfinance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Contemporary microfinance programs are incredibly diverse which of the following are the same for all MFIs?
A) Eligibility
B) Types and sizes of loans
C) Recruitment practices
D) Goal is to improve lives of poor people
Q2) Microfinance programs were first created by Nobel prize winning economist Muhamed Yunus in what decade?
A) 1950's
B) 1960's
C) 1970's
D) 1990's
Q3) A microenterprise is ______.
A) A small family run business
B) Has relatively easy access to capital to finance investments
C) A car rental company offering smaller sized vehicles
D) A small business with at least three employees
Q4) Why might a government intervene in MFIs program when it has achieved financial sustainability and does not divert any resources away from other development projects?
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Chapter 22: Public Health, Health Care and Health Insurance
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Sample Questions
Q1) In many experimental contexts,households exhibit ___________,or a tendency to value goods and services ________ when asked to give them up (e.g.when asked to sell them)than when offered an opportunity to acquire them (e.g.through purchase).?
A) Loss aversion; more
B) Loss aversion; less
C) Status quo aversion; more
D) Status quo aversion; less
Q2) When governments provide health insurance rather than providing the heakth services directly it represent a shift from __________ to ____________.
A) Supply side; demand side
B) Demand side; Supply side
C) Inefficiency; efficiency
D) Efficiency; inefficiency
Q3) A person's health stock is:
A) Potential for health at the start of the year
B) Determined by genetics
C) Determined by lifestyle choices
D) All of the above
Q4) How is the DALYs lost to a disease in a given year calculated?
Page 24
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