Global Business Strategies
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Global Business Strategies examines the frameworks, challenges, and opportunities facing organizations operating in the international marketplace. The course explores how global economic, political, cultural, and technological forces influence business decisions and strategies. Topics include market entry modes, international competition, cross-cultural management, global value chain configuration, and the impact of multinational enterprises. Through case studies and analytical tools, students learn to assess risks, develop international business plans, adapt to foreign markets, and manage global operations effectively. The course equips students with the essential skills to formulate and implement strategies that drive organizational growth and sustainability in a complex global environment.
Recommended Textbook
International Marketing 10th Edition by
Michael R. Czinkota
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Global Environmental Drivers
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Sample Questions
Q1) The level of global investment has resulted in a decrease in international debt by governments.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) To regain some power to influence events,policymakers have sought to restrict the impact of global trade and financial flows by:
A) minimizing barriers.
B) charging tariffs.
C) canceling import regulations.
D) limiting quotas.
Answer: B
Q3) The network of global linkages that bind us all as a result of world trade were first recognized during the rebuilding of Europe after WWII.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: International Trade Frameworks and Policy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following integrates the economic and political activities of nations?
A) Political reforms
B) Export consortia
C) Economic blocs
D) Born globals
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about exports?
A) Exports are important in a microeconomic sense, in terms of balancing the trade account.
B) Exporting ultimately leads to a firm achieving diseconomies of scale.
C) Exporting results in a firm being overly dependent on a particular market.
D) Exporting makes a firm sensitive to different demand structures and cultural dimensions.
Answer: D
Q3) One key way to reduce trade deficits is to decrease exports.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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4
Chapter 3: The Role of Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) The United States is associated with low individualism and masculinity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following determines the roles of managers and subordinates and the way they relate to one another?
A) Inequality
B) Ethnocentrism
C) Cultural assimilation
D) Social organization
Answer: D
Q3) Sensitivity training focuses on exposing a manager to a different cultural environment for a specific time span.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Ethnocentrism is the belief that all cultures are equally important.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: The Economic Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Global aspirants are mature global companies intent on adapting their existing product lines to capture new,emerging global middle markets.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Consumption patterns remain unaffected by increased urbanization of markets.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Global aspirants are:
A) companies that traditionally provide low-priced goods for the bottom-of-the-pyramid consumers in their home markets.
B) mature global companies intent on adapting their existing product lines to capture these new, emerging global middle markets.
C) companies that have already developed products for their domestic middle markets and are now seeking to parlay their existing capabilities to serve the external global middle class.
D) companies that aim to increase employment in their home country by producing goods that meet international standards.
Q4) Which countries are part of NAFTA? What are the characteristics of NAFTA?
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Chapter 5: The Political and Legal Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) State ownership of enterprise,lack of transparency,and no minority influence are characteristics of a _____ corporate governance regime.
A) market-based
B) bank-based
C) family-based
D) government affiliated
Q2) Which act passed in 1977 made it a crime for U.S.firms to bribe foreign officials for business purposes?
A) The Organized Crime Control Act
B) The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
C) The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
D) The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
Q3) Which of the following is true about common law?
A) It depends primarily on written statutes and codes.
B) It is based on Roman law and is found in the majority of the nations of the world.
C) Countries with the common law system have much more rigid laws than those with the code law system.
D) It is based on tradition and depends on precedent and custom.
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Chapter 6: Consumer,Industrial,and Government Markets
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Q1) What are the various factors that influence buyer reactions to country-of-origin (COO)?
Q2) The ultimate goal of CRM is profit maximization for the firm.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The GPA's main goal is to open government procurement to international competition.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is a situational factor influencing the global consumer?
A) The beliefs and attitudes based on the norms of reference groups
B) The income of the consumer
C) The sociocultural norms of a society
D) The geographical location and climate of a place
Q5) Industrial buyers in countries with high uncertainty avoidance cultures are more willing to try new offerings from new market entrants.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Identify the characteristics for the existence of consumer culture.
Q7) Briefly explain the process of public tendering.
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Chapter 7: Strategic Planning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Global marketing can be seen as a culmination of a process of international market entry and expansion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Executing global account management programs allows for the development of internal systems and interaction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The recognition that groups within markets differ sufficiently enough to warrant individual marketing mixes is known as _____.
A) targeting
B) positioning
C) diversification
D) segmentation
Q4) A single-country approach is large enough for the local business to achieve all possible economies of scale.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why is standardization not the answer for companies wishing to go global?
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Chapter 8: Analyzing People and Markets
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Q1) To enrich information obtained from factual data,corporations resort to the use of creative and highly qualitative data-gathering methods.Which of the following methods would allow this?
A) Surveys
B) Questionnaires
C) Scanner data
D) Delphi studies
Q2) The American Marketing Association (AMA)defines marketing research as the function that links the consumer,customer,and public to the marketer through information.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The research done for international marketing activities is most often more rigorous,formal,and quantitative than for domestic marketing activities.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the sources of secondary data in international marketing?
Q5) Why are firms reluctant to engage in international marketing activities?
Q6) Write a note on analyzing and interpreting primary data.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Market Entry and Expansion
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Q1) Which of the following is true about franchising?
A) From a government perspective, franchising replaces exports and export jobs.
B) From a recipient-country view, franchising requires substantial outflow of foreign exchange.
C) Typically, there is no need for standardization in franchising.
D) A key concern of franchising is the issue of selection and training of franchisees.
Q2) Full ownership by multinational firms is a prerequisite for international success.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In a _____,the supplier brings together a package of skills that will provide an integrated service to the client without incurring the risk and benefit of ownership.
A) joint venture
B) full ownership mechanism
C) management contract
D) portfolio investment
Q4) List and describe the key corporate export stages.
Q5) Describe three types of ownership in foreign direct investment.
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11
Chapter 10: Marketing Organization,Implementation,and
Control
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Q1) Describe the different types of centers of excellence.
Q2) Short-term financial guidelines in such areas as investment,cash,and personnel are called _____.
A) budgets
B) credits
C) plans
D) regulations
Q3) _____ are less formal than other controls and are the result of shared beliefs and expectations among the members of an organization.
A) Bureaucratic controls
B) Centralized organizations
C) Cultural controls
D) Differentiation strategies
Q4) The choice of bureaucratic controls rather than cultural controls can be justified if the company enjoys a low turnover rate.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the three organizational designs that make up international organizational structures?
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Chapter 11: Product Management and Global Brands
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Q1) Which of the following is one of the major functions of packaging?
A) Testing
B) Segmentation
C) Feedback
D) User convenience
Q2) Which of the following is an intangible element of a product?
A) Installation
B) Aesthetics
C) Positioning
D) Packaging
Q3) The value of brands can be seen on balance sheets.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The promotional aspect of packaging relates mostly to _____.
A) labeling
B) color
C) size
D) weight
Q5) What are the reasons for making investment on R&D abroad?
Q6) Explain how counterfeiting has become a problem in foreign markets.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Global Marketing of Services
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Q1) The effect of a teacher's lecture varies from one student to another.This illustrates the _____ of services.
A) intangibility
B) consistency
C) heterogeneity
D) perishability
Q2) Services are often custom made because of _____.
A) market transparency
B) close interaction with customers
C) tangibility
D) high imperishability
Q3) Services cannot be stored because of their _____.
A) tangibility
B) perishability
C) consistency
D) market transparency
Q4) Production lines cannot be established to deliver an identical service each time.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Advertising,Promotion,and Sales
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Q1) Which of the following is an advantage of the Internet?
A) Every individual around the world is connected via the Internet.
B) There are hardly any adjustments that need to be made by exporters for each market served.
C) Internet diffusion always reaches the targeted customer.
D) The Internet provides the opportunity to actually close sales.
Q2) Campaign objectives need not be measurable.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The international marketer should ignore cultural noise.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ involves relaxing most of the controls over foreign affiliates and allowing them to pursue their own promotional approaches.
A) Centralization
B) Glocalization
C) Localization
D) Decentralization
Q5) Explain crisis management.
Q6) Explain the significance of local campaign objectives.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Pricing Strategies and Tactics
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Q1) Product line pricing occurs typically in conjunction with positioning decisions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When penetration pricing is used,the product is offered at a low price intended to generate volume sales and achieve high market share,which would compensate for a lower per-unit return.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____ is a form of barter aimed at reducing the effect of the immediacy of the transaction.
A) Offset
B) Parallel barter
C) Buyback
D) Clearing arrangements
Q4) _____ system differentiates between domestic and export prices.
A) Dual pricing
B) Bilateral pricing
C) Semi-pricing
D) Isolation pricing
Q5) What is a skimming price strategy?
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Chapter 15: Global Distribution and Logistics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hybrid channels differ from dual channels in that hybrid channels:
A) have one tier of distributors and resellers.
B) use a single channel to enhance sales performance in a foreign market.
C) are based more on cooperation and partnership.
D) lead to conflicts if disagreements arise as to who is to handle a specific customer.
Q2) A bill of exchange is a document that acknowledges the receipt of goods and represents the basic contract between the shipper and the carrier.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the guideposts that the experienced manager uses for logistics decisions?
A) Development of heuristics
B) Industry comparison
C) Intimate knowledge of trends
D) Demographics of the population
Q4) Marketers attend trade fairs to get data on intermediaries in the industry.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Social Networks and Communication
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Q1) Traditional media serve niche markets well.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Offering coupons online increases the costs of development,distribution,and database creation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is a strategy that firms should follow to maximize the effectiveness of social media in international marketing?
A) Firms need to use mass media strategies to target the world's entire population simultaneously.
B) Firms need to concentrate on targeting the entire market and avoid targeting only certain segments of the market.
C) Firms need to ignore gossip, complaints, rants of disgruntled consumers and activists, and any such related news about it on the Internet.
D) Firms need to gain credibility and loyalty by providing expertise online that addresses the specific problems of target markets.
Q4) Explain how social media benefits promotional activities.
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Chapter 17: Leadership,Corporate Social Responsibility,and
Sustainability
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Sample Questions
Q1) Linda is concerned about environmental issues and the impact of her purchases on the environment.But she is not keen on paying higher prices for green products due to financial constraints.Linda is an example of "_____."
A) Greenspeaks
B) Greenthusiasts
C) Greensteps
D) Greenwashers
Q2) The United States was one of the first nations to sign the 1997 Kyoto Protocol,an international agreement that sets binding targets for industrialized countries to reduce the level of national greenhouse gas emissions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In periods of good economic conditions,consumers do not have limits to the price premiums they will pay for secondary benefits.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A higher standard of leadership is now required for international marketers.Explain.
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Chapter 18: New Directions and Challenges
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Q1) _____ is a noninvasive neural-imaging technique that basically looks inside the brain.
A) Neuromarketing
B) Magnetic immunoassaying
C) Eye-tracking
D) Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Q2) How does eye-tracking technology aid marketing research?
Q3) Which of the following is a true eye-tracker study result?
A) Brand information found in the center of the screen is a strong predictor of ad recognition.
B) Fast-forwarding viewers constrain their vision to the right of the screen.
C) All visitors scroll below the fold to see the ads.
D) Advertisements with branding in the corners lead to increased brand attitude.
Q4) _____ innovation improves customer-touching processes.
A) Product
B) Process
C) Experiential
D) Marketing
Q5) What are the different types of innovations?
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