Gerontology Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Gerontology is the multidisciplinary study of the aging process and the challenges and issues faced by older adults. This course explores the biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging, investigates common health concerns and chronic conditions prevalent among the elderly, and analyzes the impact of family, community, and public policy on aging populations. Students will also examine concepts of successful aging, age-related stereotypes, and the provision of care and support services, preparing them to address the needs of a rapidly growing demographic in various professional contexts.
Recommended Textbook
The Journey of Adulthood 7th Edition by Barbara R. Bjorklund
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12 Chapters
846 Verified Questions
846 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Adult Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) In our culture, adults in their early 20s are expected to marry, start families, establish themselves in their jobs or careers, and settle into separate households; 4year-olds are expected to be launching their children into independence, to be reaching the peak of their careers, and to be caring for their own aging parents. Such expectations illustrate which concept?
A) cohorts
B) generations
C) shared experiences
D) cross-sectional comparisons
Answer: C
Q2) What is the term used to describe large social environments where development takes place?
A) cohorts
B) generations
C) cultures
D) age periods
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Physical Changes
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most common symptom associated with menopause is _______.
A) anxiety
B) depression
C) hot flashes
D) headaches
Answer: C
Q2) The immune system does not function as well in later adulthood as it did in earlier years, partly due to the greater prevalence of chronic diseases and susceptibility to stress. _______________ may help in later adulthood.
A) Vitamin supplements
B) A high protein diet
C) Extensive exercise
D) Re-establishing a social network
Answer: D
Q3) Primary aging is affected by many individual differences. Illustrate how certain genetic predispositions might affect your aging process, use at least one member of your family as a comparative example.
Answer: Not Answer
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Health and Health Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term used to describe any significant global deterioration in intellectual abilities in older adults is _______.
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) dementia
C) depression
D) Parkinson's disease
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is the most accurate description of the relationship of atherosclerosis to aging?
A) It is an inevitable part of aging. All adults show some atherosclerotic change, and these changes are irreversible.
B) It is an inevitable part of aging, but early changes are reversible by improvement in health habits.
C) It is a disease occurring only in some adults; all changes due to the disease are curable or reversible.
D) It is a disease occurring only in some adults, but some disease processes are reversible by improvement in health habits.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Cognitive Abilities
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Sample Questions
Q1) The latest version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale provides a Full Scale IQ based on four separate indexes: _____________, ______________, _______________ and _____________, each of which consists of a number of different subtests.
A) Verbal Comprehension, College Algebra, Science, and Music
B) Verbal Comprehension, Scientific Knowledge, Working Memory, and Processing Speed
C) Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, and Processing Speed
D) Working Memory, Processing Speed, Generic Reasoning, and Word Problems
Q2) Which of the following would be considered a measure of crystallized intelligence?
A) a vocabulary test
B) a test of spatial ability
C) an analogies test
D) a measure of abstract reasoning
Q3) A newspaper reporter asks you for a brief summary statement about the relationship between age and intellectual skill in adulthood. Write a two- or three-sentence summary.
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Chapter 5: Social Roles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Researchers have consistently found that married adults are happier and less likely to show emotional disturbance than are unmarried adults. Describe two possible explanations for this pattern, and indicate which of the two you consider to be the better explanation and why.
Q2) Gender stereotypes are clearest when subjects are asked _______.
A) to indicate the probability that each gender will show some specific qualities B) to say whether a given quality is more characteristic of men or more characteristic of women
C) to say what roles or qualities men and women could display D) to describe the actual behavior of men and women in their culture
Q3) Which of the following is the most commonly acquired new role in the postparental period?
A) regular care of aging parent
B) community volunteer
C) grandparent
D) mentor
Q4) Compare and contrast the major family and gender roles of young adults and retired adults. How can you best characterize the differences?
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Chapter 6: Social Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sibling relationships are most significant _______.
A) in childhood
B) in adolescence
C) in early adulthood
D) in late life
Q2) College-aged grandchildren rank (from highest to lowest) their investment with their grandparents in what order?
A) mother's father, father's mother, father's father, mother's mother
B) father's mother, father's father, mother's father, mother's mother
C) mother's mother, mother's father, father's mother, father's father
D) mother's mother, father's father, mother's father, father's mother
Q3) Theorists have disagreed about whether the relationship of a parent with her or his child should be called an attachment or not. Why is there a dispute about this? Describe the problem, give your own view, and justify that view if you can.
Q4) Describe the nature of the relationship between siblings across the life span.
Q5) Evaluate the effects of cohabitation before marriage. What explanation can you offer for this finding? What evidence can you muster in support of your explanation?
Q6) Diagram and describe Antonucci's convoy model of love.
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Chapter 7: Work and Retirement
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Sample Questions
Q1) In individual decisions about when to retire, the availability of pension benefits and health often exert opposite influences. Explain this.
Q2) In which of the following occupations is age most likely to be negatively correlated with job performance?
A) bookkeeper
B) air traffic controller
C) assembly line worker
D) high school English teacher
Q3) What is one reason more women work part time than men do full time?
A) Younger people don't work as much as older people.
B) Men tend to move in and out of full-time jobs more than women.
C) There are more older women than older men.
D) a and b
Q4) Hartung suggests that Super's theory may be useful in which of the following applied settings? Vocational counselors in __________
A) high school.
B) college
C) human resources offices
D) all of the above
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Chapter 8: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) List several strengths and several weaknesses of stage theories of adulthood.
Q2) Increases in assertiveness and independence between early and middle adulthood occur _________.
A) among both men and women
B) only among men
C) only among women
D) among neither men nor women
Q3) Describe two similarities and two differences between Loevinger and Vaillant's theories of adult development.
Q4) List the stages described by Loevinger, the stages described by Erikson, and the sequences of motives described by Maslow; then link the three lists to one another.
Q5) What evidence most clearly demonstrates a genetic component in personality consistency in adulthood?
A) similarities between parents and children in personality
B) similarity of fraternal twins in personality
C) greater similarity in the personalities of fraternal than of identical twins
D) greater similarity in the personalities of identical than of fraternal twins
Q6) List and describe the "big five" personality dimensions.
Q7) Diagram Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Quest for Meaning
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Sample Questions
Q1) "There are lots of ways to think about God and to understand God. My own way satisfies me, but I accept the fact that there are other approaches that work for other people." Which of Fowler's stages of faith does this statement reflect?
A) synthetic-conventional
B) individuative-reflective
C) conjunctive
D) universalizing
Q2) "I used to like to go to church. The pomp and circumstance really appealed to me, and I liked sitting there in the pew with my family. But now I really can't stand all those rituals. They seem so empty to me-just so much show to satisfy the ignorant. So I don't go anymore." What level of faith in Fowler's system is reflected in this statement?
A) conjunctive
B) universalizing
C) individuative
D) conventional
Q3) Briefly describe the basic polarity Kegan proposes, and discuss how that concept may be useful as a synthesizing concept in tying together theories of both personality development and the growth of meaning.
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Chapter 10: Stress, Coping, and Resilience
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following features of a social network appears to be most critical in providing a buffering effect in the face of stress?
A) size
B) frequency of contact
C) intimacy
D) connectedness
Q2) The observed beneficial effect of social support on disease rates is referred to as the _______.
A) resistance effect
B) general adaptation syndrome
C) Brown and Harris effect
D) buffering effect
Q3) Which of the following would be an example of a "problem-focused" way of coping with stress?
A) Deny any fear or distress.
B) Accept the problem with resignation.
C) Seek information or advice.
D) Think about possible solutions.
Q4) 10-54. Evaluate the idea that stress may sometimes have beneficial effects.
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Chapter 11: Death and Bereavement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research suggests which of the following individuals typically will suffer the most from "death anxiety"?
A) Carlos, a 22 year old college student, full of purpose and vim, an atheist
B) Richard, a 72 year old retired mechanic, a devoted Muslim, and has no regrets in life
C) Katie, an 89 year old widow, an active member in the United Methodist Church
D) Aretha, a 49 year old housewife, regrets that she did not college; she believes in an afterlife, but she's not sure she earned a place in it
Q2) What conclusions do you think are reasonable ones to draw from research on the link between survival rates and personality or response to the disease? Cite specific research in support of your position where possible. What additional research would you suggest we need in order to clarify the results in this area?
Q3) Which of the following describes the population that Kübler-Ross studied?
A) terminally ill adults and children
B) incarcerated men.
C) patients only in the early stages of their disease, immediately after they had been diagnosed.
D) all of the above
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Chapter 12: The Successful Journey
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Sample Questions
Q1) For older adults, ________ is a cause of higher overall life satisfaction.
A) marriage
B) personality
C) social involvement
D) work
Q2) Which of the following pairs of characteristics is most likely to occur together (that is, at roughly the same age) in a normative adult pattern?
A) low marital satisfaction and significant loss of cognitive skill
B) increased individuality and a high level of sex role differentiation
C) the task of generativity and retirement
D) peak physical functioning and care of aging parents
Q3) Which of the following is likely to coincide with the first need for bifocals in an adult following a normative sequence?
A) Erikson's stage of intimacy
B) lowest level of job satisfaction
C) high inferiority
D) menopause for women
Q4) List and describe briefly the five different potential sources of disequilibrium as outlined in the final chapter of Bee's text.
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