Gerontological Nursing
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Gerontological Nursing focuses on the specialized care of older adults, emphasizing health promotion, disease prevention, and management of complex age-related health conditions. The course covers the physiological, psychological, and social aspects of aging, and prepares students to address the unique needs of elderly patients in diverse healthcare settings. It explores theories of aging, principles of elder care, assessment tools, common geriatric syndromes, and interdisciplinary approaches to enhance the quality of life, functional independence, and dignity of older adults. Students learn to advocate for older adults and their families, integrating evidence-based practice and ethical considerations in care delivery.
Recommended Textbook
Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span 8th Edition by Edelman
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Chapter 1: Health Defined: Objectives for Promotion and Prevention
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Q1) Which of the following demonstrates a nurse taking action to promote health and prevent disease?
A) Making a home visit to a person who is recovering from a heart attack
B) Administering medications to a cardiac client in the hospital
C) Providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation during a heart attack
D) Educating a person about the advantages of a heart-healthy diet during a home visit
Answer: D
Q2) The question, "What is the experience of teenagers who lose a sibling to cancer?" can best be answered by using which research methodology?
A) Evidence-based practice research
B) Qualitative research
C) Quantitative research
D) Clinical judgment research
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Emerging Populations and Health
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Q1) A nurse would like to improve his cultural competence. Which of the following is the best strategy to use?
A) Explore complementary and alternative medicine practices used by other cultures.
B) Discuss cultural differences with coworkers.
C) Provide care to diverse populations.
D) Participate in continuing education programs about cultural diversity.
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following statements about ethnic minorities in the United States is accurate?
A) It is estimated that the percentage of ethnic minorities will decrease during the next 30 years.
B) It is estimated that ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050.
C) The increasing population of refugees has been a significant contributor to the increase in ethnic minorities.
D) The increasing population of ethnic minorities has helped decrease the health disparities faced by this population.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Health Policy and the Delivery System
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Q1) Considering the provider and client perspective, which of the following is the most autonomous form of insurance?
A) Fee-for-service plan
B) Health maintenance organization (HMO)
C) Preferred provider organization (PPO)
D) Independent practice association (IPA)
Answer: A
Q2) A nurse discussing the care of a person on the surgical unit following gastric bypass surgery with a friend is in violation of the:
A) Patient Self-Determination Act
B) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
C) Americans with Disabilities Act
D) Civil Rights Act
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: The Therapeutic Relationship
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Q1) A nurse has started admitting a new person on home care and is beginning to establish a relationship. Which of the following would be the most important thing for the nurse to do?
A) Complete the paperwork in a timely fashion
B) Establish open communication
C) Conduct a complete physical health assessment
D) Provide feedback to the person's questions
Q2) Which of the following statements about nonverbal communication is true?
A) Nonverbal behavior is not usually contextual.
B) Nonverbal behavior is culturally and situationally bound.
C) Nonverbal communication is the most important type of communication.
D) Nonverbal communication is easy to interpret.
Q3) Which of the following is the first step in the valuing process?
A) Acting out the choice
B) Selecting from alternatives
C) Being happy with personal beliefs and actions
D) Choosing freely
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6
Chapter 5: Ethical Issues Related to Health Promotion
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Q1) A nurse uses ethical reasoning to solve an ethical dilemma. Why would the nurse use this process?
A) Assists in predicting all of the possible consequences of future actions
B) Facilitates gathering of the most important information to solve the problem
C) Considers the importance of caring when solving the problem
D) Highlights salient aspects of future actions
Q2) A 24-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment, and no relatives participating in his care, needs to make a decision about removal of a brain tumor that will render him totally dependent for completion of all activities of daily living. The nurse participates in ethical decision making on his behalf, knowing that the client is unable to benefit from which of the following ethical concepts?
A) Autonomy
B) Justice
C) Beneficence
D) Advocacy
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Chapter 6: Health Promotion and the Individual
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Q1) A nurse is caring for a person with a potential dysfunction in the health-perception-health-management pattern. Which of the following nursing interventions would most likely be performed?
A) Arranging for home delivery of medication from the pharmacy
B) Providing education regarding the dangers of smoking
C) Instituting visiting nurse services for blood pressure checks
D) Providing direct observed therapy for tuberculosis medications
Q2) A Hispanic mother tells the nurse that she has been using home remedies for her child's asthma. Which home remedy might this mother be using?
A) Acupuncture
B) Cupping
C) Hot tea
D) Massage
Q3) Which of the following is the leading cause of death among women?
A) Accidents
B) Cancer
C) Coronary artery disease
D) Stroke
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Chapter 7: Health Promotion and the Family
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Q1) In a family in which the mother and the father differ on how to spend and save money, the parents are constantly arguing with each other. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care for this couple?
A) Assist them to develop strategies that are congruent with their values.
B) Allow each of them to defend his or her own values.
C) Focus on outcomes that each wants to accomplish.
D) Divert their attention to areas in which they are successful.
Q2) Which of the following theories is an attempt to explain families as a set of interacting individuals with patterns of living that influence health decisions?
A) Feminist theory
B) Systems theory
C) Developmental theory
D) Resiliency theory
Q3) Which of the following would be described as a family structural component?
A) Income earner of the house
B) Socialization for the family
C) Immunization of infants
D) Launching of children
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Chapter 8: Health Promotion and the Community
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Sample Questions
Q1) The study of a population is referred to as (a):
A) community pattern.
B) windshield survey.
C) demography.
D) community diagnosis.
Q2) After assessing the community, the nurse concludes that the community is having difficulty meeting its nutritional-metabolic pattern. Which of the following findings would the nurse most likely have discovered during the assessment?
A) Decreased availability of grocery stores
B) Poor nutritional habits
C) Lack of subsidized food programs
D) Inadequate knowledge about proper nutrition
Q3) A parish nurse is concerned about the number of parishioners who smoke. How would the parish nurse best address this issue?
A) Ban smoking on parish property.
B) Invite local experts to participate in a health fair at the parish.
C) Find literature about smoking cessation.
D) Hand out free nicotine-replacement systems.
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Chapter 9: Screening
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Q1) The Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) has been said to have excellent test specificity. What does this statement mean?
A) Rarely identifies children who have developmental delays
B) Rarely identifies children who do not actually have developmental delays
C) Has a large number of false positive results
D) Has a large number of false negative results
Q2) Which of the following is an example of screening? (select all that apply)
A) Asking if someone performs self-breast exam
B) Performing a self-breast exam
C) Obtaining a mammogram
D) Undergoing a needle biopsy
Q3) Which of the following analyses is used to determine the optimal use of resources to reach a predetermined constant end point or the desired health outcome?
A) Cost-benefit ratio analysis
B) Cost-effectiveness analysis
C) Cost-efficiency analysis
D) Cost-disease analysis
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11
Available
Chapter 10: Health Education
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Q1) A nurse is using a health education component when teaching about smoking cessation. Which of the following actions is the nurse implementing?
A) Setting a quit date for people in a smoking cessation class
B) Providing education regarding the benefits of smoking cessation
C) Allowing smokers to participate in a smoking cessation program only if they use the patch nicotine replacement system
D) Encouraging attendees of a smoking cessation program to participate in a research study
Q2) An overweight woman joins a support group to help her lose weight. During her first session, the nurse explains the components of a healthy diet and discusses with the woman how she can eat out and still maintain a healthy diet. She asks the woman what her goal is and emphasizes that she herself is the key to success. What is the nurse promoting through the use of this strategy?
A) Communication
B) Values
C) Advanced planning
D) Empowerment
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Chapter 11: Nutrition Counseling for Health Promotion
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Q1) A community health nurse is developing educational materials related to nutrition. Which of the following resources would be most appropriate for the nurse to use? (select all that apply)
A) Recommended dietary allowances (RDAs)
B) MyPyramid
C) Dietary reference intakes (DRIs)
D) MyPlate
Q2) A community health nurse is using the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) as a guide while developing an education presentation about nutrition for a community group. How will the use of the DRIs be helpful in developing this presentation?
A) It considers the unique differences among children, pregnant women, and elderly people.
B) It contains well-researched data that are reviewed on an annual basis.
C) It is prescriptive in the amount of nutrients that are needed on a daily basis.
D) It serves as an overall guideline for the population.
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13
Chapter 12: Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is discussing an exercise prescription with a person. To help him determine the appropriate intensity, the nurse tells him that he should monitor his rate of perceived exertion. Which of the following should the nurse tell the man he should experience while exercising?
A) Talking and singing without difficulty
B) Feeling extremely fatigued
C) Having mild musculoskeletal discomfort
D) Being out of breath
Q2) A 51-year-old woman has begun menopause. The nurse emphasizes the importance of a diet high in calcium and vitamin D as well as exercise for this woman. This recommendation is important because by the time the client is 56, she will have experienced another _____ bone loss.
A) 3%
B) 7%
C) 10%
D) 15%
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Chapter 13: Stress Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is assisting a person to cope with stress. Which statement by the nurse would be the most helpful?
A) "Most people in this situation feel the way you feel."
B) "Tell me what this event means to you."
C) "There are many support groups available for you to use."
D) "Your family wants to help you through this stressful event. May I call them?"
Q2) A nurse is counseling a person on how to effectively deal with stress. Which of the following actions would the nurse recommend the person take first?
A) Recognize signs of stress.
B) Take action to reduce stress.
C) Connect warning signs with stressors.
D) Develop effective coping skills.
Q3) Which of the following statements concerning spirituality is correct?
A) Spirituality is a search for the meaning of existence.
B) To fully experience spirituality, one needs a religious affiliation.
C) Stress always strengthens the quest for spirituality.
D) Spirituality always prevents depression, which is common following a stressful event.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Complementary and Alternative Strategies
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Q1) An individual asks the nurse to explain yoga. Which of the following statements would be made by the nurse?
A) Yoga requires the ability to assume and maintain certain poses.
B) There are many different types of yoga.
C) Yoga is the most strenuous of the movement therapies.
D) The major benefit of yoga is an increase in physical exercise and flexibility.
Q2) Which of the following complementary/alternative therapies involves emphasizing healthy lifestyle, strengthening and cleansing the body, and noninvasive treatments?
A) Homeopathy
B) Naturopathy
C) Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
D) Ayurvedic medicine
Q3) Which of the following describes a nurse who is "being with" the client?
A) Answers a call bell
B) Completes a dressing change
C) Silently prays with a client when requested to do so
D) Teaches a client about his or her medication regime
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16
Chapter 15: Overview of Growth and Development Framework
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Q1) A nurse who is conducting a parenting class is asked how to select a good day care center for an 18-month-old child. Which of the following responses should be made by the nurse?
A) "Day care centers that schedule age-appropriate educational videos increase verbal ability."
B) "Human interaction increases a toddler's verbal skills, so select a day care center that values adult-to-toddler interaction."
C) "Learning to understand the meaning of words is increased when toddlers are exposed to educational DVDs, so select a day care center that has an extensive library of age-appropriate, educational DVDs."
D) "There really is no difference in the quality of day care centers based on whether or not videos or DVDs are used for educational purposes."
Q2) Kohlberg's theory of moral development is based on:
A) Erikson's theory of psychosocial development
B) Piaget's theory of cognitive development
C) Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development
D) Gilligan's theory of moral development
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Page 17
Chapter 16: The Prenatal Period
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Sample Questions
Q1) During which week would pregnancy begin to pose health concerns for the fetus?
A) 36 weeks
B) 38 weeks
C) 40 weeks
D) 42 weeks
Q2) During a routine clinic visit, a pregnant woman expresses concern about reflux she is experiencing. Which statement should be made by the nurse when addressing the woman's concern?
A) "Frequent heartburn may be a sign of fetal distress and an ultrasound should be performed immediately."
B) "Frequent heartburn is caused by high levels of hormones during pregnancy."
C) "Frequent heartburn is a result of gastrointestinal system changes that occur during pregnancy."
D) "Frequent heartburn during pregnancy requires immediate consultation with a gastroenterologist."
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18
Chapter 17: Infant
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is working with a family of an infant to improve their health-perception and health management pattern. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for the nurse to implement?
A) Assess the home for safety hazards.
B) Teach parents appropriate coping mechanisms.
C) Demonstrate effective parenting skills.
D) Encourage appropriate stimulation of the infant.
Q2) A delivery room nurse senses disappointment when a mother is told she just delivered a baby girl. Which of the following would be the most therapeutic response by the nurse?
A) "Yes, you just delivered a healthy, beautiful baby girl."
B) "This is your first baby. You can always try again for a boy."
C) "Don't worry, many parents often feel the same way you do."
D) "You are tired. I think you should get some rest."
Q3) By what age is an infant's retina fully developed?
A) Birth
B) 2 months
C) 4 months
D) 6 months
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Toddler
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Q1) At a well-child visit, the parents of a toddler ask the nurse how they should teach their toddler the importance of dental hygiene. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to the parents?
A) Remind the toddler to brush his teeth every day.
B) Have the dentist tell the toddler about the importance of dental hygiene.
C) Schedule a time to brush their own teeth with their toddler.
D) Have the toddler watch an educational cartoon video on the teeth brushing.
Q2) Which of the following behaviors exemplifies a toddler working through his developmental task?
A) Clinging to his mother
B) Refusing to take a bath
C) Playing quietly with one toy
D) Having no interest in a new toy
Q3) A deviation of the line of vision from the midline resulting from extraocular muscle weakness or imbalance is known as:
A) amblyopia.
B) farsightedness.
C) nearsightedness.
D) strabismus.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Preschool Child
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Q1) A mother thinks her 2-year-old child drank Drano. What should the nurse tell the mother to do next?
A) Call the pediatrician on call.
B) Give ipecac syrup.
C) Call the Poison Control Center.
D) Wait to see if the child will vomit.
Q2) A nurse is discussing with parents how to prevent burns in a preschooler. Which of the following recommendations is the nurse most likely to give the parents?
A) Do not read to the child while sitting on the sofa in front of the fireplace.
B) Do not cook on a gas grill until the child is a teenager.
C) Do not leave cigarettes and matches on the kitchen counter.
D) Do not cook with the child in the kitchen.
Q3) A nurse administers the Draw-a-Person and Draw-a-Family tests with a preschool student. Which of the following purposes will these tests serve? (select all that apply)
A) Assess verbal development.
B) Assess intelligence development.
C) Assess social development.
D) Assess emotional development.
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Chapter 20: School-Age Child
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Q1) A nurse is planning activities to help children learn about good nutritional practices. Which of the following strategies should the nurse implement?
A) Coordinate a "Try This" food day offering a variety of nutritious snacks.
B) Find a book about nutrition to read the students.
C) Plan a game using the concept of MyPlate.
D) Search on-line for a video about nutrition to the students.
Q2) Which of the following statements made by a parent is most helpful when discussing rules of the household?
A) "You did not feed the dog like you promised, so you cannot have ice cream for dessert."
B) "I was upset when you did not feed the dog like you promised. We all need to help take care of him because he depends on us. Let's talk about what happened."
C) "Why did you forget to feed the dog? Would you like me to forget to feed you?"
D) "What you did was bad. We all need to care for the dog."
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Chapter 21: Adolescent
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Q1) Which of the following actions should parents take to help their teenager meet his developmental task?
A) Set strict rules to prevent the teenager from getting into any trouble.
B) Maintain an ongoing dialogue about important issues and upcoming challenges.
C) Maintain a friendship with the teenager, so he views parents as peers.
D) Be very lenient with the teenager so that he can figure out who he is as a person.
Q2) Which of the following is the third leading cause of death in adolescents between 10 and 24 years of age?
A) Accidents
B) Suicide
C) Cancer
D) Sport injuries
Q3) Which stage of male genital development is characterized by initial enlargement of the penis, mainly in length along with further growth of the testes and scrotum?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
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23
Chapter 22: Young Adult
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Q1) An occupational health nurse is conducting a blood pressure screening. Which of the following clients is at greatest risk of mortality from cardiac disease? (select all that apply)
A) Black man with a blood pressure of 130/80
B) Mexican American man with a blood pressure of 110/60
C) White woman with a bold pressure of 120/80
D) Black woman with a blood pressure of 128/78
Q2) Which of the following adults has transitioned to Erikson's intimacy versus isolation and loneliness stage of development?
A) A 21-year-old man who has a part-time job, spends most of his leisure time with his buddies, and has numerous short-term intimate relationships
B) A 25-year-old woman who is very concerned with how she is perceived by her coworkers and friends
C) A 30-year-old man who just graduated with a PhD and is looking for his first full-time job
D) A 26-year-old woman who has a long-term relationship with a female companion
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24
Chapter 23: Middle-Age Adult
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Q1) Which of the following middle-age adults has successfully transitioned to Erikson's generativity-versus-stagnation stage of development?
A) A 60-year-old woman who retired last year and volunteers at a homeless shelter 2 days a week
B) A 63-year-old man who regrets his career choice and feels he cannot change careers
C) A 45-year-old woman who resents having to care for her aging mother-in-law
D) A 50-year-old man who has not saved for retirement but spends his discretionary income on vacations he takes by himself
Q2) Which of the following individuals is at risk for developing osteoporosis? (select all that apply)
A) A 55-year-old man who is on a low dose of oral prednisone every day because of rheumatoid arthritis
B) A 40-year-old woman who works as a secretary
C) A 60-year-old woman who walks three miles a day
D) A 50-year-old man who works as a mason
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Chapter 24: Older Adult
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Q1) A nurse has accepted a position as director of health services in a retirement community. Which of the following statements about retirees is important for the nurse to consider as she plans programs? (select all that apply)
A) Depressed and inactive.
B) Left their job to spend more time with family.
C) Left their job because of ill health.
D) Happy and well-adjusted to retirement.
Q2) The community health nurse has obtained a grant to offer a "Safe Driving" series for older adults. Which of the following information should the nurse stress during the series?
A) Traffic fatalities involving older adults occur mainly at dusk.
B) The cause of two-vehicle accidents is frequently an older driver striking another car.
C) The average blood alcohol level in older adults involved in accidents is higher than the blood alcohol level of younger drivers involved in accidents.
D) Relearning the art of defensive driving can help reduce the likelihood that an older driver will be involved in a motor vehicle accident.
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Chapter
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Q1) Which of the following projects would most likely be administered by International Micronutrient Malnutrition Prevention and Control (IMMPaCT) Program?
A) Researching best methods to preserve the freshness of foods
B) Surveying various populations about consumption patterns
C) Comparing the effectiveness of vitamin pills versus fresh fruit and vegetables
D) Analyzing the relationship between BMI and cardiovascular disease
Q2) A nurse is providing care to HIV positive clients living in sub-Saharan communities in Africa. When discussing prevention of the transmission of HIV, which of the following statements should be made by the nurse?
A) "Alternative practices to traditional sexual cleansing should be considered after the death of a spouse."
B) "Traditional sexual cleansing should be performed with a cleanser who is known to not have HIV."
C) "Virgin cleansing is a safer option than traditional sexual cleansing."
D) "Traditional sexual cleansing can lead to further transmission of HIV."
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