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Gerontological Nursing focuses on the care of older adults, addressing their unique physiological, psychological, and social needs. The course explores the normal aging process, common health issues in geriatric populations, and evidence-based practices for promoting healthy aging. Topics include chronic disease management, functional assessment, cognitive changes, polypharmacy, and end-of-life care. Emphasis is placed on holistic approaches, interprofessional collaboration, cultural sensitivity, and ethical considerations to support elderly individuals in maintaining optimal health, independence, and quality of life.
Recommended Textbook Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span 9th Edition by Carole Lium Edelman
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Q1) Which of the following groups of people are likely to show an increase in numbers between the years 2010 to 2030?
A)Persons age 65 and older
B)Persons of White European descent
C)Infants due to rising birth rates
D)Population growth and character are unpredictable
Answer: A
Q2) A nurse is planning to deliver an educational program to individuals with diabetes.Which of the following should be the initial action taken by the nurse to ensure the success of the program?
A)Assess the motivation level of the individuals
B)Assess the knowledge level of the individuals
C)Establish teacher-learner goals with the individuals
D)Establish multiple teaching sessions with the individuals
Answer: C
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Q1) A health care professional is offering an educational session about providing culturally congruent care.Which of the following information would be included the presentation?
A)Hispanic Americans value keeping balance and harmony with the earth.
B)The oldest male is the decision maker in African American families.
C)Native Americans are present oriented, taking one day at a time.
D)The hot and cold concept of disease is part of the Arabic-American culture.
Answer: C
Q2) A health care professional is providing education to the parents of an Asian American child who has recently been diagnosed with Type I diabetes.Which of the following actions should be taken by the health care professional?
A)Provide instructions to the child's father.
B)Encourage the parents to bring other siblings into the clinic for screening.
C)Schedule multiple educational sessions for the child and family.
D)Watch for nonverbal gestures by the adults to indicate understanding.
Answer: A
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Q1) Which health care provider represents a primary care provider?
A)Psychiatric advanced practice nurse
B)Clinical nurse specialist
C)Pediatric nurse practitioner
D)Acute care nurse practitioner
Answer: C
Q2) Considering the provider and care recipient perspective, which of the following is the most autonomous form of insurance?
A)Fee-for-service plan
B)Health maintenance organization (HMO)
C)Preferred provider organization (PPO)
D)Independent practice association (IPA)
Answer: A
Q3) Which could result in a change in a nurse practitioner's practice?
A)Holding a master's degree or higher
B)Moving to another state when she gets married
C)Caring for Medicare care recipients
D)Changing to another office within the same practice
Answer: B
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Q1) A nurse is working on values clarification with a person who has chosen to smoke during her pregnancy.Which of the following statements would be the most appropriate for the nurse to assist in this process? (Select all that apply.)
A)"Why do you smoke cigarettes?
B)"What do you value most in life?"
C)"Who has influenced your decision to smoke?"
D)"Is your decision to smoke consistent with your values?"
Q2) A person has just been admitted to the hospital.In talking with the person, the nurse is able to elicit from her that the reason for her hospitalization is that her husband beat her up.Which characteristic of the therapeutic relationship is being demonstrated?
A)Empathy
B)Trust
C)Rapport
D)Purposeful communication
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Q1) Which of the following theorists has been associated with the ethics of care?
A)Carole Gilligan
B)Immanuel Kant
C)Jeremy Bentham
D)John Stuart Mill
Q2) A nurse is using feminist ethics when planning a program for women to promote screening and early detection of breast cancer.Which of the following considerations would be made by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)
A)Importance of virtue in formulating ethical conduct
B)Concern for the rights and equality of all individuals
C)Importance of responsibility when caring for others
D)Understanding the dynamics and root cause of the imbalance of power
Q3) Which ethical theory is rooted in character-based ethics?
A)Duty-based ethics
B)Utilitarian-based ethics
C)Virtue-based ethics
D)The ethics of care
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Q1) Which of the following nurses is providing culturally competent care to the care recipient?
A)A nurse who refuses to care for a care recipient after an abortion when abortion violates the nurse's ethics.
B)A nurse who honors a Native American care recipient's request to allow an ICU visit from the tribe's medicine man.
C)A nurse who only assigns aides from the same culture to care for care recipients.
D)All of the above.
Q2) Which individual is at risk for a dysfunction in elimination pattern? (Select all that apply)
A)46-year-old mother of two
B)32-year-old male who eats primarily burgers, sandwiches, and pizza
C)15-year-old girl
D)72-year-old white woman
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a family who has 2-year-old twins.Which of the following health-promotion advice would be included in the nurse's plan of care for this couple?
A)Wear bicycle helmets for safety.
B)Use caution around the family swimming pool.
C)Cross the street at using the crosswalks.
D)Advocate for the day care to provide adequate socialization.
Q2) A nurse is determining which family assessment tool would be best to implement with a family when planning home visits for health promotion.Which of the following criteria should the nurse use to evaluate these tools?
A)The number of questions asked on the assessment tool
B)The linkages of the assessment to Healthy People 2020
C)The amount of involvement that the family has in completing the tool
D)The capability of the tool to assess goals and outcomes
Q3) Which of the following would be described as a family structural component?
A)Income earner of the house
B)Socialization for the family
C)Immunization of infants
D)Launching of children
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse has implemented a smoking cessation program for teenagers and is now evaluating the rate of teenage smoking in the community.Which of the following functions is being demonstrated by the nurse?
A)Codependent function
B)Independent function
C)Interdependent function
D)Dependent function
Q2) A nurse is interviewing members of a substance abuse unit at a local Veterans Administration (VA) hospital.Which of the following parts of a community is the nurse assessing?
A)Structure of a community
B)Subsystem of a community
C)Supra system of a community
D)Interaction of a community
Q3) Which of the following best describes the primary goal of community nurses?
A)Create charts/graphs of data collected.
B)Create plans for community health-promotion programs.
C)Create evaluation tools for health-promotion programs.
D)Create a culture of health promotion/health protection with the community.
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Q1) A nurse is planning to offer a depression screening at a local community center.Which of the following should be considered prior to implementation of the program?
A)Limited referral sources in the community
B)Limited support groups in the community
C)Insufficient evidence that depression screening tools are cost-effective
D)Insufficient evidence mental health screening is appropriate
Q2) The Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) has been said to have excellent test specificity.What does this statement mean?
A)Rarely identifies children who have developmental delays.
B)Rarely identifies children who do not actually have developmental delays.
C)Has a large number of false positive results.
D)Has a large number of false negative results.
Q3) Which of the following analyses is used to determine the optimal use of resources to reach a predetermined constant end-point or the desired health outcome?
A)Cost-benefit ratio analysis
B)Cost-effectiveness analysis
C)Cost-efficiency analysis
D)Cost-disease analysis
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Q1) A nurse is providing health education about the importance of dental health to Latino residents in a community.Which of the following considerations should be made to promote health literacy within this program?
A)Use simple, every day words.
B)Refer the client to an interpreter.
C)Avoid using words in person's language as this appears condescending.
D)Consider methods to facilitate empowerment.
Q2) A teenager, who lives at home with her parents and school-aged brother, has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa.Which of the following would be the most appropriate teaching goal for this family?
A)Increased energy level
B)Improved coping
C)Enhanced self-esteem
D)Facilitated family conversation
Q3) The primary objective of social marketing is to
A)plan behavior.
B)analyze behavior.
C)limit behavior.
D)change behavior.
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Q1) A community health nurse is educating a community group about the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.Which of the following information would be included in this presentation?
A)Limit consumption of dairy products.
B)Purchase organic fruits and vegetables.
C)Choose nutritionally dense food and beverages.
D)Consume fish on a weekly basis.
Q2) A community health nurse is using the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) as a guide while developing an education presentation about nutrition for a community group.How will the use of the DRIs be helpful in developing this presentation?
A)It considers the unique differences among children, pregnant women, and elderly people.
B)It contains well-researched data that are reviewed on an annual basis.
C)It is prescriptive in the amount of nutrients that are needed on a daily basis.
D)It serves as an overall guideline for the population.
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Q1) A woman is going for a 2-h hike in the Grand Canyon and she asks the nurse how much fluid she should take along with her.Which of the following recommendations would be the most appropriate response?
A)Bring at least 24 ounces of water.
B)Bring at least 72 ounces of water.
C)Bring at least 24 ounces of sports drink.
D)Bring at least 72 ounces of sports drink.
Q2) Which of the following statements is accurate concerning yoga as a form of exercise?
A)It is too mild a form of exercise to be beneficial.
B)It is suitable for warm up periods prior to exercise.
C)Too frequent practice will compromise joint flexibility.
D)All of the above.
Q3) Which of the following statements is correct regarding exercise for persons with low back pain?
A)Exercise that strengthens paraspinal muscles has been shown to be effective
B)Unweighted or suspended exercise should be avoided.
C)Limit physical therapy referrals to the more severe cases of back pain.
D)All of the above statements are correct.
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is collecting health assessment data about a person's coping mechanisms in relation to stressors.Who would provide the best source of this information?
A)Person's primary care physician
B)Person's spouse/significant other
C)The person
D)Expert objective analysis skills of the nurse
Q2) Which of the following statements concerning hobbies is true?
A)Attention to hobbies diverts energy which should be used to deal with stressors.
B)Hobbies can help manage stress and are encouraged.
C)Hobbies promote perfectionism which, in turn, typically adds to stress.
D)Hobbies should be limited to monthly activity until stressor(s) resolves.
Q3) A nurse is assisting a client in values clarification.Which of the following actions should the nurse assist the client to complete first?
A)Develop a religious affiliation to assist with the process.
B)Identify what is meaningful in one's life.
C)Act in a way that is consistent with one's beliefs.
D)Follow values held by one's mentors as a first step.
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is caring for a Hispanic individual.Which question should the nurse ask the person during the assessment process?
A)"How many herbal medicines do you take?"
B)"You cannot use any herbal products in the hospital.Did you bring any?"
C)"Interactions between herbal products and medications can be very dangerous.Which ones do you use?
D)"Tell me how you treat your asthma at home.What treatments work especially well for you?"
Q2) A person asks the nurse to explain the difference between acupuncture and acupressure.Which statement would be the appropriate response by the nurse?
A)Acupressure uses massage and oil aromatherapy to stimulate meridian points.
B)Acupuncture but not acupressure has been shown to relieve nausea and vomiting.
C)Acupressure stimulates meridian points via pressing and stretching movements.
D)Acupressure is achieved by applying more pressure to the fine needles inserted as part of acupuncture.
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Vygotsky's theory, the distance between the actual and potential level of development is called ____.
A)Region of compromised development
B)Scaffolding
C)Zone of proximal development
D)Developmental delay
Q2) A nurse is teaching parents of a toddler about nutrition.Which of the following statements should be made by the nurse?
A)"Raisins are a good finger food because they provide fiber."
B)"Grapes are a good snack choice because they help toddlers meet their daily fruit requirements."
C)"Hot dogs are not a safe food choice because they may cause choking."
D)"A small piece of chewing gum will help strengthen jaw muscle; just be sure he or she does not swallow it."
Q3) Which of the following statements is correct related to the concept of growth?
A)Growth occurs mainly during early childhood.
B)Older adults do not experience growth-related changes.
C)Growth refers only to the increase in the size of specific organs and systems.
D)Growth occurs throughout the life cycle.
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Sample Questions
Q1) The client who is taking prescribed _____ would require preconception management to minimize the potential for drug-related birth defects.
A)antiemetics
B)antiepileptics
C)iron
D)non-narcotic analgesics
Q2) Which properties must the sperm possess for conception to occur? (Select all that apply.)
A)High motility
B)Uniform size
C)Ability to secrete enzymes that dissolve the membrane surrounding the egg
D)Life span of at least 3 h
Q3) A nurse is assessing the nutritional-metabolic patterns of a pregnant woman.Which of the following findings would be of concern to the nurse?
A)The woman drinks about 1 gallon of water a day.
B)The woman works out at the gym daily.
C)The woman does not like vegetables.
D)The woman usually eats three meals a day in addition to two snacks a day.
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Q1) A new father is installing a car seat for an infant in the car.Which of the following information should be given to the father by the nurse?
A)The infant should be in a rear-facing car seat in the front seat.
B)The infant should be in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat.
C)The infant should be in a front-facing car seat in the front seat.
D)The infant should be in a front-facing car seat in the back seat.
Q2) Which of the following statements concerning infant nutrition is correct?
A)During hot and especially dry weather, infants should have supplemental water.
B)50% of an infant's intake should come from protein to insure adequate growth.
C)Breast milk and formulas contain 50% of their calories from fat.
D)Skim milk started during infancy will help prevent later childhood obesity.
Q3) A nurse is developing an educational program about SIDS for a new mothers' support group in the community.Which of the following information would be included in this presentation?
A)Parents are encouraged to place their infants in the supine sleeping position.
B)SIDS is the leading cause of death among infants aged 6 months to 1 year old.
C)SIDS is associated with infants who have had difficulty sleeping at night.
D)Parents are encouraged to limit the amount of "tummy time" of their infant.
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Q1) A mother is concerned because her 22-month-old has been skipping meals lately.Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to the mother?
A)Put the child in time out whenever he skips a meal.
B)Offer small amounts of favorite foods (cookies, chips) at meals to stimulate appetite.
C)Limit the child's consumption of juices and cookies.
D)Talk to the child about how important it is to eat three meals a day.
Q2) Approximately how much sleep do toddlers require each day?
A)10 h
B)11 h
C)12 h
D)13 h
Q3) The mother of a 2-year-old toddler recently lost her job.In addition, her husband asked for a separation.Which of the following actions should the nurse take based on this information?
A)Give the mother information about local support groups.
B)Provide the mother the name of a prominent local attorney.
C)Do not offer any advice unless the mother asks.
D)Help the mother find a job.
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 5-year-old is consuming a daily caloric intake of 1400 calories.Approximately what portion of the diet should be comprised of carbohydrates?
A)300 calories
B)700 calories
C)900 calories
D)1200 calories
Q2) A school nurse is planning to assess the visual acuity of the preschool students at the school.Which of the following tests would be used?
A)Snellen Screening test
B)Denver Eye Screening test
C)Ishihara's test
D)Cover test
Q3) Which of the following foods will a 5-year-old child need help eating?
A)Pudding
B)Macaroni and cheese
C)Chicken
D)Jelly sandwich
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, at what age should blood pressure screening begin?
A)3
B)6
C)9
D)12
Q2) Which of the following statements made by a parent is most helpful when discussing rules of the household?
A)"You did not feed the dog like you promised, so you cannot have ice cream for dessert."
B)"I was upset when you did not feed the dog like you promised.We all need to help take care of him because he depends on us.Let's talk about what happened."
C)"Why did you forget to feed the dog? Would you like me to forget to feed you?"
D)"What you did was bad.We all need to care for the dog."
Q3) Which of the following statements is correct?
A)Tonsils in a school-age child are smaller than in an adult.
B)The nervous system generally matures between ages 11 to 13.
C)Fractures heal more slowly in a 10-year-old child than in an adult.
D)Overweight children have muscle pain more often than average-weight children.
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is correct concerning tobacco use in adolescents?
A)Smoking is most prevalent in Caucasian teenagers as compared to Blacks and Hispanics.
B)Advertising has not been shown as effective in promoting smoking in teens.Rather peer pressure is effective.
C)Electronic cigarettes involve flavored liquids with very low levels of actual smoke.
D)All of the above statements are correct.
Q2) Which of the following statements is NOT correct concerning adolescent sexual issues?
A)Sexting is becoming an increasingly common practice among teenagers.
B)Experimenting with same sex intimacy may put teens at risk for suicide.
C)Fantasizing about sexual activities has been shown to lead to promiscuity.
D)Anticipatory guidance appropriately includes information about contraception and STDs.
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Q1) An occupational health nurse is conducting a blood pressure screening.Which of the following clients is at greatest risk of mortality from cardiac disease? (Select all that apply.)
A)Black man with a blood pressure of 130/80
B)Mexican American man with a blood pressure of 110/60
C)White woman with a bold pressure of 120/80
D)Black woman with a blood pressure of 128/78
Q2) Which of the following statements is correct concerning young adults in the workforce?
A)Women generally experience less workplace stress than do men.
B)The trend has been toward shorter hours and shorter work weeks.
C)With better job prospects, young adults will be ahead in wages for years to come.
D)Work is of primary importance to young adults and helps form their self-image.
Q3) Which of the following circumstances accounts for one of the leading cause of death in young adults?
A)Tobacco use
B)Binge drinking and driving
C)Illegal drug use
D)HIV infection
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Q1) A nurse is conducting a community education program.Which of the following should be stressed the leading cause of death in middle-age adults?
A)Automobile accidents
B)Malignant disease
C)Homicide
D)Suicide
Q2) The occupational health nurse is asked to develop a plan to reduce work-related injuries.Which of the following recommendations would the nurse implement as the most effective way to reduce work-related injuries?
A)Make the work environment smoke-free.
B)Reduce environmental noise levels.
C)Conduct regular walk-through assessments at the work site.
D)Increase paid personal days from one to three.
Q3) Which of the following medications is generally recommended to help preserve cardiovascular health in middle-age women?
A)Aspirin
B)Folic acid
C)Estrogen
D)Estrogen receptor modulator
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Q1) Which of the following statements made by a client best identifies someone who would likely to be receptive to health-promotion interventions?
A)"I have a new grandchild and want to be part of her life."
B)"My mother lived until she was 90, so a long life is in my genes."
C)"Some chronic illness is just a part of aging."
D)"I hope I'll live a lot longer, but one never knows."
Q2) A couple in their sixties has assumed responsibility for raising their two grandchildren ages 9 and 12 because the children's parents died in a car accident.Which of the following is nursing interventions is a priority to help the grandparents cope with the responsibility of raising their grandchildren?
A)Connecting them with the "Grandparents Raising Grandchildren" support group
B)Encouraging them by reminding them how they successfully raised their own children
C)Volunteering to provide respite time for them as needed
D)Assuring them that their stress level will lessen, as they gain confidence
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Q1) A nurse is using the four-step public health approach to address violence in the community.Using the four-step public health approach designed by WHO, which of the following actions would the nurse take first?
A)Analyze a variety of data sources to determine the extent and cause of the problem.
B)Examine risk factors that have contributed to the violence.
C)Develop an evidence-based program to address the problem.
D)Train community members to discuss the problem within their neighborhoods.
Q2) Which of the following information about anthrax is correct?
A)Anthrax is a viral infection.
B)Anthrax can cause skin lesions or pneumonia.
C)Anthrax is spread by person-to-person contact.
D)Anthrax is treated by IV penicillin for 10 days.
Q3) Which of the following age groups is experiencing the greatest increase in suicide rates?
A)15 to 24
B)25 to 39
C)40 to 59
D)60 to 70
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