Geriatric Nutrition Final Exam
Course Introduction
Geriatric Nutrition is a course designed to explore the unique nutritional needs and challenges faced by aging populations. This course examines the physiological, psychological, and social factors influencing nutrition in older adults, including age-related changes in metabolism, nutrient absorption, and taste perception. Students will learn about common nutritional deficiencies, chronic disease management, dietary assessment techniques, and evidence-based interventions to optimize health and quality of life in geriatric populations. Emphasis is placed on individualized care, cultural considerations, and strategies to promote healthy aging through appropriate dietary choices and lifestyle modifications.
Recommended Textbook
Nutrition Through the Life Cycle 6th Edition by
Judith E. Brown
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19 Chapters
1527 Verified Questions
1527 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Nutrition Basics
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Dietary Guidelines for Americans must be updated every _____.
A) 6 months
B) year
C) 5 years
D) 10 years
E) 15 years
Answer: C
Q2) Hydrogenation
A)A unit of measure of the amount of energy supplied in food
B)Chemical substance that prevents or repairs damage to cells caused by oxidation
C)The chemical changes that take place in the body
D)The building blocks of proteins
E)Chemical substances that activate enzymes
F)Chemical substances used by the body for growth and health
G)High blood pressure
H)A fat-like substance found in all animal cell membranes
I)The process of making a vegetable oil solid by adding hydrogen
J)A type of unsaturated fat present in hydrogenated oils
Answer: I
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Chapter 2: Preconception Nutrition
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among the hormonal contraceptives being developed for men are those containing _____ as a means of _____.
A) estradiol;inhibiting release of sperm into the semen
B) luteinizing hormone;reducing sperm production
C) testosterone;reducing sperm production
D) luteinizing hormone;inhibiting release of sperm into the semen
E) testosterone;inhibiting ejaculation
Answer: C
Q2) In men who drink 5-25 alcoholic drinks per week,_____.
A) total sperm count increases
B) testosterone levels decrease
C) sperm concentration increases
D) the percent of sperm with normal shape decreases
E) there is no effect on fertility
Answer: D
Q3) Fertility has been known to return immediately upon cessation of contraceptive use.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Preconception Nutrition Conditions and Interventions
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ovulation and menstruation resume in most women with eating disorders with a return to normal eating behaviors and weight gain.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Treatment of celiac disease focuses on removing _____ from the diet.
A) sugar
B) gluten
C) fiber
D) excess vitamins
E) fats
Answer: B
Q3) Which term applies to people with diabetes?
A) protein resistant
B) insulin immune
C) low glycemic
D) diet controlled
E) carbohydrate intolerant
Answer: E
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Nutrition During Pregnancy
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Decreased conversion of glucose to glycogen and fat,lowered maternal utilization of glucose,and increased liver production of glucose help _____.
A) ensure the mother does not gain excessive weight during the second half of pregnancy
B) ensure a constant supply of fat for maternal energy needs
C) ensure a constant supply of glucose for fetal growth and development
D) ensure that women do not expend too much energy on metabolism and have plenty of energy to support fetal growth
E) promote healthy weight gain for pregnant women
Q2) Which placental hormone maintains early pregnancy by stimulating the corpus luteum to produce estrogen and progesterone?
A) human placental lactogen
B) human chorionic somatotropin
C) follicle-stimulating hormone
D) human chorionic gonadotropin
E) leptin
Q3) Low levels of plasma volume expansion are associated with reduced fetal growth.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Nutrition During Pregnancy Conditions and Interventions
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gestational diabetes appears to be caused by a woman's intake of sugar.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Elevation of ketone levels can occur if calorie intakes are decreased to less than
A) 1500 calories daily
B) 1800 calories daily
C) 2000 calories daily
D) 20% below calorie needs
E) 25% below calorie needs
Q3) Diets characterized by a high intake of _____ have been linked to a decreased risk of preeclampsia.
A) protein-containing foods
B) plant foods
C) salty foods
D) sweet or sugary foods
E) processed foods
Q4) How can women with HIV/AIDS during pregnancy decrease the risk of developing a foodborne infection?
Q5) Describe two factors with increased chances of multifetal pregnancies.
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Chapter 6: Nutrition During Lactation
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Milk fat comes from _____.
A) triglycerides from the mother's blood only
B) new fatty acids produced in the breast only
C) triglycerides produced by the placenta only
D) triglycerides produced by the placenta and new fatty acids produced in the breast
E) triglycerides from the mother's blood and new fatty acids produced in the breast
Q2) The level of _____ in human milk can be altered by the mother's diet.
A) manganese
B) molybdenum
C) nickel
D) selenium
E) fluoride
Q3) Prolactin is a hormone that _____.
A) stimulates the breast tissue to release oxytocin
B) causes milk to be secreted from the mammary gland ducts
C) decreases estrogen production
D) stimulates milk production
E) stimulates development of breast tissue
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8
Chapter 7: Nutrition During Lactation Conditions and Interventions
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which contraceptive method does the World Health Organization advise women to avoid in the first six weeks postpartum?
A) condoms
B) progestin-only oral contraceptives
C) abstinence from sex
D) progestin-only implants
E) combined oral contraceptives
Q2) The vast majority of women experience significant problems with breastfeeding.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Alcohol has been found to be a "galactologue" that facilitates milk letdown.
A)True
B)False
Q4) "Anyone can be a milk bank donor." Is this statement true? Describe the purpose of a milk bank and how they select women to provide milk.
Q5) Alcohol is transferred through breast milk.
A)True
B)False
Q6) List at least four major program components of the Rush Mothers' Milk Club.
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Chapter 8: Infant Nutrition
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most common chronic disease of childhood is _____.
A) diabetes
B) dental caries
C) respiratory infection
D) ear infection
E) influenza
Q2) SGA
A)When an infant's cheek is touched,the infant turns head towards cheek and opens mouth
B)Condition in which thyroid hormone is not produced in sufficient quantities
C)Fetal undergrowth from any cause
D)The sudden onset of irritability,fussiness,or crying in an infant
E)Measurements above the 90th percentile for infant size
F)An automatic (unlearned)response triggered by a specific stimulus
G)Movement of the stomach contents backwards into the esophagus
H)Death that occurs within the first year of life
I)Measurements below the 10th percentile for infant size
J)A reflexive movement of the tongue moving forward and backward
Q3) Describe the developmental and long-term risks associated with iron deficiency in infants.
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Chapter 9: Infant Nutrition Conditions and Interventions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The energy content of preterm and term breast milk is _____ calories per ounce.
A) 5
B) 10
C) 20
D) 25
E) 30
Q2) A 12-month-old preterm infant born 2 months prematurely should follow feeding recommendations for _____-month-old infants.
A) 2
B) 3
C) 6
D) 10
E) 12
Q3) An infant who is unable to swallow and is having gastrointestinal problems should not be given enteral feedings.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some of the factors that can affect growth rate during pregnancy?
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Chapter 10: Toddler and Preschooler Nutrition
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88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children have an innate ability to adjust their caloric intake to meet energy needs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The EER for a two-year-old girl who weighs 35.2 pounds (16 kg)is _____ kilocalories.
A) 1,263
B) 1,344
C) 1,478
D) 1,525
E) 1,652
Q3) Three temperamental clusters have been defined including the "easy" child,the "difficult" child,and the _____ child.
A) "slow-to-warm-up"
B) "picky"
C) "intermediate"
D) "fussy"
E) "bad"
Q4) What are the American Heart Association's current dietary recommendations for children?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Toddler and Preschooler Nutrition Conditions and
Interventions
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Complete avoidance of a food that causes an allergic reaction is not required.For example,if a child is allergic to eggs,it is not necessary to avoid a food that has eggs in it as long as it has been cooked.
A)True
B)False
Q2) For children at risk for anaphylaxis,parents and caregivers should be given instruction in emergency lifesaving procedures and use of an injected form of _____.
A) norepinephrine
B) epinephrine
C) dopamine
D) chlorphenamine
E) pseudoephedrine
Q3) What food and nutrient intake recommendations apply for toddlers with BPD?
A) no more than 3 meals daily
B) easy-to-eat foods
C) enteral nutrition
D) challenging foods to eat
E) meals immediately before and after bedtime
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Chapter 12: Child and Preadolescent Nutrition
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A child's statute,or standing height,should be measured without _____.
A) scales
B) shoes
C) socks
D) clothes
E) scales.
Q2) The recommended total fiber intake for a 13-year-old boy is _____ g/day.
A) 27
B) 29
C) 31
D) 33
E) 35
Q3) Children following vegetarian and vegan diets have a higher risk of becoming obese and may have a lower risk for some nutrient deficiencies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Preadolescence is generally defined as 9-11 years of age for girls and 10-12 years of age for boys.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Child and Preadolescent Nutrition Conditions and
Interventions
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the ketogenic diet and why it is used.
Q2) Discuss why protein is important and when higher protein intake may be recommended.
Q3) According to the CDC,the prevalence of ASD has been steadily decreasing.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A major nutrition-related consequence of CF is _____.
A) malabsorption of various nutrients due to the lack of pancreatic enzymes
B) gluten sensitivity
C) lactose intolerance
D) decreased sensitivity to thirst
E) low blood glucose
Q5) Vitamin _____ may be prescribed above the DRI for some children with spina bifida who have frequent bladder infections.
A) A
B) D
C) K
D) C
E) E
Page 15
Q6) What is type 1 diabetes and how it is managed?
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Page 16
Chapter 14: Adolescent Nutrition
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79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research by Frisch suggests that _____ percent body fat is required to the development and maintenance of regular ovulatory cycles.
A) 15
B) 18
C) 20
D) 22
E) 25
Q2) DHA is found in _____.
A) pork
B) pasta
C) corn oil
D) flaxseed
E) yogurt
Q3) The availability of calcium from soy beverages appears high.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Under half of U.S.adolescents attend a physical education class at least once a week.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Adolescent Nutrition Conditions and Interventions
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the characteristics of successful eating-disorder prevention programs.
Q2) Youth with BMI values above the 95th percentile are considered _____.
A) underweight
B) normal weight
C) overweight
D) obese
E) morbidly obese
Q3) Plant-based sources of protein may be less bioavailable.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Achievement of weight loss goals should be rewarded with food.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What factor contributes most to dieting behaviors,disordered eating behaviors,and clinical eating disorders?
A) peer pressure
B) family pressure
C) body dissatisfaction
D) high self-esteem
E) genetics
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Chapter 16: Adult Nutrition
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What phase of adulthood roughly corresponds to "around the fifties?"
A) maturing adulthood
B) midlife
C) sandwich generation
D) later adulthood
E) old age onset
Q2) The additional energy required for the digestion,absorption,and metabolism of what people eat results from _____.
A) the thermic effect of food (TEF)
B) an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR)
C) estimated energy requirements (EER)
D) activity thermogenesis
E) resting energy expenditure
Q3) Discuss the four components of the Eating Competence Model.
Q4) Multiple organizations have outlined guidelines identifying an urgent need to address obesity.List the eating behaviors that are encouraged to accomplish this.
Q5) Discuss the two important cautions when applying food patterns consistent with the total diet approach.
Q6) Discuss the highlights of the "Sisters Together: Move More,Eat Better" program.
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Chapter 17: Adult Nutrition Conditions and Interventions
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a female ate 100 extra calories per day in excess of her needs,approximately how many days would it take to gain one pound,if energy expenditure remained constant?
A) 7 days
B) 14 days
C) 1 month (30 days)
D) 1 month + 1 week (35 days)
E) 1 month + 2 weeks (42 days)
Q2) For the average individual,lipid-lowering medications are prescribed when LDL is ______.
A) > 40 mg/dL
B) > 70 mg/dL
C) > 150 mg/dL
D) > 190 mg/dL
E) > 280 mg/dL
Q3) Viscous fiber escorts water in the gut,forming a liquid gel that increases absorption of cholesterol-rich bile acids and carries them throughout the body.
A)True
B)False
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20
Chapter 18: Nutrition and Older Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) The recommended daily dietary fiber intake range for adults 70 years old and above is _____.
A) age plus 5 grams
B) 18 grams for men and 15 grams for women
C) 28 grams for men and 22 grams for women
D) 76 grams for men and 57 grams for women
E) 18 grams fiber/1000 calories
Q2) It is difficult to meet vitamin and mineral needs via foods at calorie levels below
A) 1600
B) 1800
C) 12000
D) 2200
E) 2400
Q3) Weight and body mass index (BMI)peak between ________ years.
A) 30-39
B) 40-49
C) 50-59
D) 60-69
E) 70-79
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Chapter 19: Nutrition and Older Adults Conditions and Interventions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among the effects of dehydration is a(n)_____.
A) increase in the resting heart rate
B) lack of thirst
C) susceptibility to arthritis
D) frequency of urination
E) decrease in the resting heart rate
Q2) Guidelines for treating dehydration in older adults include providing roughly _____ of the overall fluid deficit each day in the form of water or a 5 percent glucose solution.
A) 10-15%
B) 15-25%
C) 25-33%
D) 35-50%
E) 50-75%
Q3) A major contributor to hypertension is _____ intake.
A) vitamin E
B) protein
C) fiber
D) salt
E) sugar
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