Geriatric Nursing Test Questions
Course Introduction
Geriatric Nursing focuses on the specialized care of older adults, highlighting the physiological, psychological, and social aspects of aging. This course equips students with the knowledge and skills necessary to assess, plan, and deliver comprehensive nursing care to elderly patients in various settings. Emphasis is placed on age-related health changes, common geriatric syndromes, chronic disease management, medication considerations, and strategies for promoting independence and quality of life. Students will also explore ethical and legal issues, effective communication techniques, and interdisciplinary collaboration essential for providing holistic and respectful care to the aging population.
Recommended Textbook
Toward Healthy Aging Human Needs and Nursing Response 7th Edition by Priscilla Ebersole
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262 Verified Questions
262 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Gerontological Nursing and an Aging Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Scope and Standards of Gerontological Nursing Practice:
A) identifies minimum nurse staffing levels for both acute and long-term care facilities.
B) describes minimum gerontological nursing education required for nursing staff in long-term care facilities.
C) mandates the presence of a full-time advanced practice nurse (APN),either a gerontological clinical nurse specialist or a geriatric nurse practitioner,for all patient care areas with greater than 50% of the population older than age 65.
D) identifies levels of clinical gerontological care and gerontological nursing performance.
Answer: D
Q2) The following services are commonly offered by state Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs),except:
A) senior centers.
B) nutrition centers.
C) long-term care ombudsman.
D) primary health care.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Theories of Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) A married couple are residents of a life care community.They retired to the community after the husband had heart surgery.The wife has always been physically and socially active and joined an aerobic class,knitting groups,and a book club shortly after moving to the community.She walks on a daily basis and swims twice a week.Her husband spends his days reading and watching television.He was never a social person and enjoys being by himself.Which of the sociological theories of aging best describes the couple?
A) Role theory
B) Disengagement theory
C) Continuity theory
D) Personality theory
Answer: C
Q2) Select the true statement regarding the nonstochastic group of theories.
A) Aging events occur randomly.
B) Biological aging is genetically programmed.
C) Aging is a result of an accumulation of errors in RNA and DNA metabolism.
D) The free radical theory is an example of this type of theory.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Health and Wellness
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Sample Questions
Q1) You engage in a casual conversation with your overweight 72-year-old neighbor.He was recently discharged from a stay at the hospital during which he had a treadmill test to evaluate the extent of his cardiac disease.After he relays information to you about the test,you ask him about any dietary changes he has made.Which statement best demonstrates wellness behavior on his part?
A) "My doctor didn't tell me I have to change anything.Isn't that good news?"
B) "My nurse said something about fat and cholesterol,but I'm sure that's not my problem.My father ate bacon and eggs every day of his life and he lived to a ripe old age."
C) "It's so hard to give up the foods I love,but my wife and I have bought the American Heart Association's cookbook and we're going to try our best."
D) "I heard there's a new fat substitute.I wonder if that would taste any good on my wife's cinnamon rolls."
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Physiological Changes with Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 79-year-old female client lives in an assisted living facility.She consults the nurse practitioner because of complaints of vaginal itching and burning and vaginal discharge.The nurse practitioner diagnoses a yeast infection and prescribes nystatin (Mycostatin)suppositories.The client states,"This is the third infection I have had in the past 2 years.Do all older women get these infections?" The nurse practitioner bases her answer on the knowledge that:
A) older women are more susceptible to vaginal infections because of age-related vaginal changes.
B) older women are more susceptible to vaginal infections because of decreased ability to perform proper perineal hygiene.
C) older women are more susceptible to vaginal infections because of the multitude of medications taken for chronic medical conditions.
D) older women are more susceptible to vaginal infections because of decreased fluid intake.
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Chapter 5: Laboratory Values and Diagnostics
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is true concerning laboratory values in older adults?
A) There are age-adjusted ranges for older adults for all of the common laboratory findings,similar to those for infants and children.
B) There are no age-adjusted ranges for older adults due to the large variations within the age group and the increasing number of factors that influence the results.
C) There are age-adjusted ranges only for the over-85 age-group; there are no expected changes in the 65- to 84-year-old age-group.
D) There are age-adjusted ranges only for the hematological tests,which are due mostly to changes in the bone marrow.
Q2) While looking at your patient's laboratory values,you note the following values.Which contains an alteration (increase or decrease)that you might expect with aging?
A) Potassium 4.5 mEq/L
B) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)10 mg/dL
C) Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
D) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)20 mm/hr
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Chapter 6: Health Assessment in Gerontological Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 88-year-old woman with a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is being cared for by her daughter,who is eager to honor her mother's wishes to be cared for at home and not be placed in a nursing home.The visiting nurse makes her initial home visit and administers the Family APGAR in order to assess the:
A) caregiver's perception of emotional and social support with a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
B) patient.
C) environmental changes needed to enhance function.
D) degree of physical assistance that the patient and caregiver need.
Q2) The FANCAPES assessment tool:
A) appraises the older adult's ability to meet his or her needs and the amount of assistance needed.
B) evaluates the older adult's ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs).
C) assesses the older adult's cognitive abilities.
D) assesses the level of dementia present.
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Chapter 7: Managing Basic Physiological Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older adult has Alzheimer's disease.His wife says he gets up at night and wanders around the house.What suggestion given by the nurse would be most appropriate?
A) "Ask your physician to prescribe strong sedatives."
B) "Increase his daily activity by taking him on frequent walks."
C) "Try using a restraint jacket at night."
D) "He needs his rest,so make sure he takes a nap during the day."
Q2) Older adults with sleep apnea:
A) experience excessive deep sleep.
B) are often slim and underweight.
C) have an increased risk for sudden death and stroke.
D) experience excessive tension in the muscles of the throat and soft palate.
Q3) A 77-year-old woman reports that she has difficulty sleeping.The nurse asks her for a history of her sleep problems.What instruction should the nurse include in suggestions to improve her sleep?
A) Take several daytime naps if you cannot sleep at night.
B) Try a glass of wine at bedtime.
C) Include 10 minutes of moderately strenuous exercise before going to bed.
D) Use the bed only for sleep or sex.
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Chapter 8: Biological Maintenance Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your elderly patient's 50-year-old daughter asks about aging dentition,periodontal disease,and tooth loss.In answering her questions,you know that:
A) more than half of people older than age 65 are edentulous.
B) dental insurance is readily available at a low cost to senior citizens through government programs like Medicare.
C) periodontal disease is usually the result of chronic periodontitis from young and middle-age adulthood.
D) tooth loss is a natural part of the aging process.
Q2) A basal cell carcinoma is characterized by:
A) a persistent red lesion with a poorly defined base and an adherent yellow-white scale.
B) a slightly raised discolored patch that may be tan,blue,red,black,or white.
C) an open sore that bleeds,oozes,or crusts and remains for 3 weeks or more.
D) rough,scaly,sandpaper-like patches.
Q3) Normal age-related changes in the mouth include:
A) thickening of the enamel on the teeth.
B) recession of the gums.
C) increase in saliva production
D) leukoplakia.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Nutritional Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interventions to include when developing a care plan for a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease include:
A) eating three large meals daily and avoiding eating between meals.
B) elevating the head of the bed or placing a wedge.
C) napping for 30 to 60 minutes following meals.
D) eating a high-fat diet.
Q2) A 78-year-old female is admitted to the long-term care facility after a hospitalization for pneumonia.She has a history of a right cerebrovascular accident and dysphagia.When preparing the room for this patient,what equipment is most important in the care of this patient?
A) A room close to the nursing station
B) An adjustable height bed that goes low to the floor
C) A suction machine
D) Oxygen at bedside
Q3) The following are reliable methods to evaluate obesity except:
A) BMI (body mass index).
B) WHR (waist-hip ratio).
C) weight and height evaluation using a table of desirable weight.
D) weight greater than 150% of ideal body weight.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Chronic Disease in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) An elderly man has been admitted to the hospital for prostate surgery.He has a history of hypertension for which he is on medication.He also reports a recent fall at home.The nurse should perform which assessment?
A) Check blood pressure every 2 hours.
B) Check orthostatic blood pressures.
C) Check serum creatinine levels.
D) Check serum sodium levels.
Q2) The major difference between a transient ischemic attack (TIA)and a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)is that:
A) TIA symptoms begin to resolve within minutes and are completely resolved within 24 hours.
B) TIA symptoms always precede an ischemic CVA.
C) TIA symptoms begin to resolve within minutes but are not completely resolved for 48 to 72 hours.
D) TIA symptoms do not usually involve motor functions.
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12
Chapter 11: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 88-year-old male patient with gastric cancer with bone metastases is being discharged from the hospital where he was started on a regimen of opioid analgesics to control the metastatic pain.What should be included in the discharge teaching plan?
A) Encouraging oral fluids
B) Preventing falls
C) Increasing calories and protein in the diet
D) Preventing pressure ulcers
Q2) The safest narcotic choice for your elderly client experiencing severe acute pain is:
A) Demerol (meperidine).
B) Talwin (pentazocine).
C) morphine sulfate.
D) none; there are no safe narcotics for elderly clients.Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)should always be used instead.
Q3) Compared with acute pain,persistent pain:
A) leads to markedly altered vital signs.
B) is usually described as a burning pain.
C) is generally gone within 4 months.
D) can lead to lifestyle changes.
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Chapter 12: Geropharmacology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameter is least affected by the aging process?
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
Q2) You are developing a teaching plan for your newly diagnosed elderly diabetic client.When discussing his oral hypoglycemic medications,what strategy would be most effective?
A) Providing the package insert from the medication
B) Providing the client with the website address for the American Diabetes Association
C) Providing oral explanations and sending the client home with a written copy
D) Presenting the information in paragraph form as opposed to numbered line fashion
Q3) What is an important contributing factor to polypharmacy in older adults?
A) Inadequate communication among medical care providers
B) Implementation of Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit
C) Use of generic medications
D) Increasing popularity of dietary and herbal supplements
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14
Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is admitted to a medical nursing unit.On his admission interview,he tells the nurse that he takes ginkgo biloba daily.As a nurse,you understand that this herbal supplement can cause:
A) depression with paranoia.
B) gastrointestinal (GI)upset and headache.
C) impotence and sterility.
D) pneumonia and bronchitis.
Q2) The profile of a usual herbal supplement client resembles:
A) inner city,lower socioeconomic status,female.
B) white,highly educated with higher income level.
C) third generation,middle income,Hispanic American.
D) men and women from small rural communities.
Q3) Herbal supplements are manufactured in all but one of these forms:
A) tincture.
B) salves.
C) extracts.
D) intravenous.
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15
Chapter 14: Sensory Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are preparing a 78-year-old client with an alteration in olfaction for discharge home.Which topics should be included in the patient education plan to prepare for discharge? (Choose all that apply.)
A) Date and label all foods.
B) Remove trash from home weekly.
C) Place natural gas detectors near gas heater or stove.
D) Use perfumes and colognes in moderation.
Q2) An 86-year-old nursing home resident is being evaluated for a hearing disorder.What is the most common and easily corrected of all interferences in the hearing of older adults?
A) Otosclerosis
B) Tinnitus
C) Cerumen impaction
D) Ototoxic drug therapy
Q3) What is a common pathophysiological cause of decreased olfaction in older adults?
A) Increased number of sensory cells
B) Lower thresholds for common odors
C) Injury of the olfactory mucosa
D) Increased neurotransmitters
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Mobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 68-year-old female patient has a history of osteoporosis.She is on your surgical ward because of her recent wrist surgery.She is on the following medications: heparin 5000 units subcutaneously q12hr,Tums (calcium carbonate)1 tablet after meals and at bedtime,calcitonin 100 international units IM every morning,and Premarin (estrogen)0.3 mg PO,every morning.In writing your care plan,you identify risk for injury related to demineralization of bone.Which medication would be most likely to interfere with her bone integrity?
A) Heparin
B) Premarin
C) Calcitonin
D) Tums
Q2) In planning your discharge teaching for a client with osteoporosis,which precautions should you encourage her to take?
A) Avoid stressful situations.
B) Schedule monthly bone density studies with your physician.
C) Remove clutter from your home.
D) Consume a high-protein diet.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Environmental Safety and Security
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are educating your elderly female client about fire safety.You answer her questions knowing that:
A) elderly women are more likely to die in fires than elderly men.
B) fire mortality for elders is twice that of any other age group except children ages 1 to 4.
C) most people who die in fires are killed by the flames.
D) most fires occur outside the home.
Q2) You are a nurse on the Acute Care for the Elderly Unit,which has an activity program for patients on the unit.All patients are encouraged to get out of bed and walk to the activity program daily.This program is based on the understanding that:
A) fewer registered nurse staff are required to care for patients who are ambulatory.
B) physical activity improves mobility,balance,and muscle strength.
C) fewer falls occur in patients who are out of bed than among those who are on bedrest.
D) older adults who are ambulatory have less of a risk of developing hypothermia.
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Chapter 17: Economic,Residential,and Legal Issues
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Q1) When are managed care systems most effective?
A) When a client avoids using the system until needed in an emergency situation
B) When a client avoids using primary care practitioners and routinely accesses specialists
C) When a client uses high-tech treatments before trying less costly treatments
D) When a client uses preventive primary care services to maintain his or her health
Q2) The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)of 1987 included:
A) mandatory registered nurse (RN)to patient ratios in nursing homes.
B) mandatory RN continuing education.
C) elimination of the use of restraints and medications for discipline of residents.
D) mandatory daily patient assessments by physicians.
Q3) When an older adult is considering long-term care insurance (LTCI),what is an important consideration?
A) The older one is when applying,the lower the rates will be.
B) It is financially better to avoid purchasing LTCI through a group policy.
C) It is wise to scrutinize all exclusions before enrolling.
D) All policies cover care at home as well as in a long-term care facility.
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Chapter 18: Frailty,Vulnerability,and Elder Mistreatment
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are caring for an older adult who is a victim of elder abuse.He lives in low-income housing with his daughter,who is a working single mother of four children ages 3 to 13.After careful investigation,it is determined that caregiver stress is the cause of the abuse.The best intervention for the patient and his family would be:
A) to remove the patient from his daughter's home.
B) to foster a close working relationship between the patient's daughter and the social worker.
C) to arrange respite care or day care for the patient.
D) to place the patient in a long-term care facility.
Q2) You observe an older man in the community who lives alone and has not bathed or changed his clothing for several days.You make a confidential report to Adult Protective Services,and an investigator visits and completes a report.This is an example of:
A) physical abuse.
B) financial exploitation.
C) psychological abuse.
D) self-neglect.
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Chapter 19: Intimacy and Sexuality in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The following have been identified as benefits of therapeutic touch except:
A) provision of sensory stimulation.
B) relief of physical and psychosocial pain.
C) reduction of anxiety.
D) improved skin integrity.
Q2) A 72-year-old widow is a newly admitted resident of a long-term care facility.She initially spends a lot of time in her room and is reluctant to socialize.She meets an 81-year-old male resident of the facility,and they begin spending a lot of time together.They are seen holding hands and sitting together in the widow's room with the door closed.Her daughter attends a care planning meeting and expresses concern over her mother's friendship with the man,stating "The next thing you know they are going to be having sex,maybe they are.This must stop." The nurse bases her response to the daughter on knowing that:
A) Sexual activity in a long-term care facility is inappropriate and must be prevented.
B) Older adults may want to have new relationships and it is normal to express love and intimacy.
C) Sexual desire is absent in older adults.
D) Sexual activity can be dangerous for older adults with chronic illnesses.
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Chapter 20: Relationships,Roles,and Transitions
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 82-year-old widow with Alzheimer's disease is being cared for at home by her daughter.Twice a week,the widow goes to an adult day care program.This is an example of:
A) long-term care.
B) a PACE program.
C) transitional care.
D) respite care.
Q2) A 99-year-old resident of a long-term care facility came to the facility 12 years ago after the death of her husband of 56 years.She has no children or other relatives.She has a very close relationship with one of the nurse aides and refers to the aide as her daughter.The nurse aide is an example of:
A) delusional kin.
B) fictive kin.
C) kin-keeper.
D) primary kin.
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22
Chapter 21: Culture,Gender,and Aging
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Q1) Select the true statement regarding cohort effect:
A) Birth cohort is important in understanding how one experiences a world event.
B) Each individual within a cohort experiences events in a similar way.
C) An example of applying the knowledge of cohort effect would be treating an elderly client exactly how your own grandfather would expect to be treated.
D) All generations share a similar perspective on life events.
Q2) Ethnocentrism is defined as:
A) an understanding of another's cultural beliefs and practices.
B) a conflict that occurs when an individual interacts with another whose beliefs differ from his own.
C) application of limited knowledge about one person with specific characteristics to another person.
D) a belief that one's ethnic group is superior to that of another.
Q3) Which cultural group has the fastest growing elderly population in the United States?
A) Blacks
B) Asian/Pacific Island Americans
C) Native Americans
D) Hispanic Americans
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23
Chapter 22: Nursing and Aging in Rural and Frontier
Settings
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Sample Questions
Q1) The following are true about "swing beds" in rural hospitals except:
A) they are acute care hospital beds that are used to provide nursing home level care in rural hospitals.
B) the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1980 legislation allowed for the development of this program in rural hospitals with less than 50 beds.
C) they provide for continuity of care for individuals who are awaiting a nursing home bed or in areas where there are no nursing homes close by.
D) they permit a hospital to receive the same reimbursement rate for nursing home care as they do for acute care.
Q2) An older adult lives in a community of 4800 people.The nearest city is 90 minutes away.The prominent features of a rural area are:
A) easy access to urban facilities,industrialized,and densely populated.
B) low population size and density,physical remoteness,and in an ecologically natural area.
C) physical remoteness,moderate population,and some industry presence.
D) in an ecologically natural area,culturally diverse population,and access to full health services.
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Page 24
Chapter 23: Cognition and Caring for Persons with Cognitive Impairment
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Sample Questions
Q1) In evaluating the plan of care for an older adult with the nursing diagnosis Risk for Injury related to delirium,which evaluative statement would best suggest that the problem is resolving?
A) Client attempted to climb over the side rails.
B) Client manipulated intravenous pump,stating "I can't get this transformer to work."
C) Client correctly stated year and month but not date.
D) Client stated,"If we don't hurry,I'll miss the bus."
Q2) Interventions to manage wandering in clients in a long-term care facility include the following except:
A) environmental modifications such as camouflaging doorways and providing enclosed pathways.
B) close observation to identify the person's individual patterns.
C) engaging the person in social interactions.
D) using physical restraints to prevent wandering and maintain safety.
Q3) The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)is a tool used to:
A) diagnose Alzheimer's disease.
B) provide a baseline mental status measurement and track changes.
C) diagnose delirium in hospitalized older adults.
D) predict the progression of cognitive changes.
Page 25
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Chapter 24: Stress,Crises,and Health in Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 68-year-old man recently suffered a left-sided cerebrovascular accident (CVA)and is now in an acute rehabilitation setting.He is easily frustrated due to his physical deficits.During his morning bath,the nurse instructs the certified nursing assistant (CNA)to give the patient a washcloth and let him wash his face and as much of his upper body as possible.The primary reason for this is to:
A) allow the patient to establish some control and preserve self-esteem.
B) exercise the patient's left arm.
C) save time so the CNA can assist other patients.
D) allow the CNA to establish control over the situation.
Q2) What is a true statement regarding crises and stress?
A) Stress always precipitates a crisis.
B) Crises always create stress.
C) Personal perception of an event is less significant than the event's magnitude.
D) Stress is time limited.
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Chapter 25: Emotional Health in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your elderly client is being discharged to a nursing home.In the past she has lived independently and is now expressing displeasure at her inability to be discharged home.What intervention would best serve to help her avoid experiencing an adjustment disorder?
A) Carefully review any options and alternatives available to her.
B) Make the move quickly.
C) Convince her why this is really the best way.
D) Talk to the physician regarding prescribing her an antianxiety agent.
Q2) Your elderly client has just suffered a myocardial infarction.Upon discharge,he says to you,"I watched all those heart videos and stuff,but I still insist it was just indigestion." In formulating a response,you recognize that he is showing signs of:
A) denial.
B) projection.
C) altruism.
D) deficient knowledge.
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Chapter 26: Loss,Death,and Dying in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select the true statement regarding gender and loss of a spouse.
A) Men are less likely to grieve than women in response to loss of a spouse.
B) Men carry attachments to their spouses that are less deep than women's attachments.
C) Three out of four women will be widowed at some point because women tend to live longer than men and frequently marry older men.
D) The male response to grief has been thoroughly studied and documented in the literature.
Q2) A nurse was caring for a patient who died of a chronic illness.The family had been present with the patient constantly during the previous week,experiencing the dying process.The family was present when the patient stopped breathing,and had a very emotional reaction as if they were in a state of disbelief.The nurse interprets this behavior to be:
A) a normal response when experiencing the death of a loved one.
B) a maladaptive coping mechanism.
C) an irrational response.
D) an expression of anger toward the staff.
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Chapter 27: Self-Actualization,Spirituality,and Transcendence
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are caring for an elder who is experiencing severe chronic pain and suffering from a terminal illness despite your best nursing interventions to reduce the pain.Your patient has verbalized a desire to find "some sort of meaning to all of this." Which intervention would be most appropriate at this time?
A) Change the subject and introduce a distraction,such as television.
B) Reassure the elder that this is normal and that everyone experiences it.
C) Listen and facilitate expression of feelings about life and death.
D) Ask the doctor to order a psychiatric consult.
Q2) A 90-year-old resident of an assisted living facility states,"I want to donate my brain to science." This is an example of a:
A) living legacy.
B) last will and testament.
C) postmortem obligation.
D) postmortem legacy.
Q3) Which refers to the highest level of human functioning,according to Maslow?
A) Biological or physiological integrity
B) Safety and security
C) Self-esteem
D) Self-actualization
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