Geriatric Nursing Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Geriatric Nursing focuses on the care of older adults, addressing the unique physical, psychological, social, and cultural needs associated with aging. The course covers topics such as age-related physiological changes, common geriatric syndromes, chronic disease management, medication safety, mental health issues, and end-of-life care. Emphasis is placed on comprehensive assessment skills, interdisciplinary teamwork, and the development of individualized care plans to promote health, independence, and quality of life in elderly populations. Students also explore ethical and legal considerations in geriatric nursing, family dynamics, and effective communication strategies with older adults and their caregivers.
Recommended Textbook
Toward Healthy Aging Human Needs and Nursing Response 7th Edition by Priscilla Ebersole
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27 Chapters
262 Verified Questions
262 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Gerontological Nursing and an Aging Society
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9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Based on current demographic data,which statement identifies a predictive trend regarding the health care needs of society?
A) There will be an increasing need for health programs for older males.
B) More nursing services will be required to serve the needs of the population older than age 85.
C) Fewer nurses will be needed to care for the elderly.
D) North Dakota is likely to experience the greatest need for gerontological nurses.
Answer: B
Q2) A gerontological nurse visits a local grade school to talk with the children about her career.A fourth grade boy asks,"Why do you work there? Old people are all stupid!" His comments probably indicate that he:
A) has had limited contact with the well elderly.
B) lacks intelligence.
C) probably was abused by an elderly family member.
D) had a negative experience with grandparents.
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 2: Theories of Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) A community health nurse provides an annual flu prevention workshop at a local senior center.The activities include a lecture on preventing infections,which includes hand washing and limiting exposure to individuals who are ill,as well as an influenza immunization clinic.The nurse is basing her activities on what theory of aging?
A) Wear and tear
B) Cross-link
C) Immunity
D) Free radical
Answer: C
Q2) During her nursing admission assessment,your patient tells you that she is taking several herbs and supplements because she heard that they can slow down the aging process.She asks you if this is true.When answering her,which theory of aging should you consider?
A) Cross-link theory
B) Error theory
C) Free radical theory
D) Nutrition theory Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Health and Wellness
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Sample Questions
Q1) What best describes nutritional alterations with aging?
A) Caloric needs and nutritional needs decrease.
B) Caloric needs increase,but nutritional needs decrease.
C) Caloric and nutritional needs increase.
D) Caloric needs decrease,but nutritional needs remain constant.
Answer: D
Q2) Environmental press is defined as:
A) learned helplessness as a result of lack of social support in the environment.
B) modifications made to the environment to make it "elder friendly."
C) obstacles in the environment that make it unsafe for older adults.
D) demands that environments make on the older person to adapt,respond,or change.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Physiological Changes with Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement best describes normal changes of aging?
A) All age-related changes are the result of disease.
B) When comparing functional abilities of an elderly client,it is important to not allow social or cultural influences to cloud your assessment.
C) It is always very easy to tell the difference between normal aging and the results of one's lifelong poor habits.
D) Individual variations are enormous at every age and in every part of the body.
Q2) You are teaching a health promotion class at a senior center.The topic is promoting healthy skin while aging.The following topics should be included in the program except:
A) the importance of using sunscreen.
B) the importance of adequate hydration.
C) the importance of using moisturizing lotions.
D) the importance of using antibacterial soaps when bathing.
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Chapter 5: Laboratory Values and Diagnostics
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 69-year-old patient in the geriatric clinic has his annual physical examination,and a complete blood count and serum electrolytes are drawn.His laboratory results show an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN).What is the next action of the nurse?
A) Assume that the laboratory result was a false-positive because the patient did not exhibit any symptoms of renal failure.
B) Look at his medication list because an elevated BUN may be the result of specific medications.
C) Instruct him on collecting a 24-hour urine specimen for protein analysis.
D) Tell him that an elevated BUN is normal in older adults.
Q2) While looking at your patient's laboratory values,you note the following values.Which contains an alteration (increase or decrease)that you might expect with aging?
A) Potassium 4.5 mEq/L
B) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)10 mg/dL
C) Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
D) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)20 mm/hr
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Chapter 6: Health Assessment in Gerontological Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 78-year-old man is being evaluated in the geriatric clinic.His daughter reports that he has been very forgetful lately,and she is concerned that he might be "senile." The advanced practice nurse administers the clock drawing test and the patient draws a distorted circular shape and places the numbers all on one side of the shape.Based on his performance,the nurse concludes that the patient:
A) probably has Alzheimer's disease.
B) needs further evaluation.
C) probably has delirium.
D) needs a functional status assessment.
Q2) An 88-year-old woman with a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is being cared for by her daughter,who is eager to honor her mother's wishes to be cared for at home and not be placed in a nursing home.The visiting nurse makes her initial home visit and administers the Family APGAR in order to assess the:
A) caregiver's perception of emotional and social support with a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
B) patient.
C) environmental changes needed to enhance function.
D) degree of physical assistance that the patient and caregiver need.
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Chapter 7: Managing Basic Physiological Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) In evaluating interventions for your client's problem of constipation,what best indicates progress toward resolution of the problem?
A) Small,liquid bowel movements once to twice per day
B) Moderate discomfort with every-other-day evacuation
C) Fluid intake of 1 L/day with a low-residue diet
D) Normal bowel movements 1 to 3 days apart
Q2) It is 3:00 AM.You are the night shift charge nurse on the east wing of a hospital.You are busy verifying that yesterday's orders were correctly transcribed when an elderly female patient who has ambulated to the desk calls your name.She seems upset when she says,"I can't sleep.I haven't gotten more than two consecutive hours' sleep since I was admitted the other day." Your response is:
A) "That's very unusual,older people tend to sleep a lot more."
B) "I will call the doctor and have him order some sleeping pills for you."
C) "Just be glad you aren't the patient in the next room.She was just diagnosed with cancer.Now that's something to lose sleep over!"
D) "Let's get some warm milk and talk about it."
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Chapter 8: Biological Maintenance Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 88-year-old patient has type 2 diabetes mellitus.During a routine visit to the diabetes clinic,the nurse reviews the principles of diabetic foot care.What should be included in the teaching?
A) Rub feet vigorously after washing to ensure that they are thoroughly dried.
B) Apply skin softening emollients to all areas of the feet,including between the toes.
C) Inspect feet daily for cuts,blisters,cracks,and reddened areas.
D) Soak feet daily for 10 to 15 minutes in tepid water.
Q2) An older woman tells the nurse her husband seldom brushes his teeth as he did in the past.One reason for this might be:
A) decreased manual dexterity.
B) loss of some of his natural teeth.
C) decrease in taste acuity.
D) lack of dental insurance.
Q3) An important consideration about the skin of an elderly person is that:
A) generous amounts of soap should be used as cleanser.
B) sweat glands increase in activity.
C) the patient's thermoregulating capabilities are decreased.
D) the epidermis becomes thicker and harder.
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Chapter 9: Nutritional Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Factors that make older adults more susceptible to dehydration than younger adults include the following except:
A) decreased percentage of body fat.
B) decreased percentage of body water.
C) decreased concentrating ability of kidneys.
D) decreased thirst sensation.
Q2) A 76-year-old patient has severe osteoarthritis of the right knee.She is experiencing significant pain and some decreased mobility.She consults an orthopedist who recommends weight reduction and refers her to a nutritionist.The rationale for the orthopedist's action is that:
A) obesity puts significant pressure on the major joints.
B) obesity is an absolute contraindication to joint replacement.
C) obesity predisposes an individual to develop osteoporosis.
D) obesity predisposes an individual to be intolerant to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
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11
Chapter 10: Chronic Disease in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are assisting your elderly client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)in self-care activities.Which direction provided by you will best help her achieve the goal of being able to perform self-care activities?
A) Bathe and eat slowly,allowing rest periods.
B) Attempt to walk short distances without oxygen.
C) Perform all activities of daily living at one time,and then rest.
D) Bathe right after eating,and then rest.
Q2) As the nurse plans to instruct a chronically ill older adult about the changes needed to maintain his health,what statement is most appropriate to consider in establishing goals for behavior change?
A) Management of the client's chronic disease rests on the client and caregiver; goals should be set in collaboration.
B) The client will be able to make needed changes in his life if the nurse provides accurate written instructions.
C) Psychological functioning is usually impaired only to a small extent in a client with chronic illness.
D) The client's values,culture,and beliefs have little to do with the types of changes he will be able to make.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 72-year-old patient is started on an analgesic regimen with opioids to treat persistent pain.What assessment is most important for the nurse to perform for all older patients on opioid analgesic regimens?
A) Integumentary
B) Genitourinary
C) Gastrointestinal
D) Cardiac
Q2) An older adult is seen in the emergency department after falling on an icy surface.She is complaining of a painful right hip.She also has a history of osteoarthritis and states that she takes acetaminophen 650 mg four times per day and Motrin 800 mg four times per day for control of persistent arthritic pain.She is discharged from the emergency department after x-rays reveal that she only has soft tissue bruising.In her discharge teaching,the nurse should include all except:
A) monitoring for signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding.
B) monitoring for signs and symptoms of renal impairment.
C) reviewing other prescription medications that the patient is presently taking.
D) monitoring for signs and symptoms of confusion.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Geropharmacology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tardive dyskinesia is defined as an irreversible movement disorder characterized by:
A) a compulsion to be in motion.
B) facial movements and involuntary twisting of the limbs,trunk,neck,and face.
C) an inability to move.
D) a bilateral tremor and rigidity.
Q2) An 81-year-old patient is being discharged from the hospital to home.She is on seven different medications,which are to be taken at four different times during the day.What would be most useful in helping this patient manage her medications?
A) Providing package inserts from all of the medications for the patient to read
B) Providing a pillbox with compartments for each day and each of the doses
C) Providing a written list of the medications
D) Asking the patient's daughter to administer the patient's medications
Q3) Which pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameter is least affected by the aging process?
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
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14
Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 78-year-old patient is scheduled for a right knee replacement.He has a history of osteoarthritis.His medication list at home includes Tylenol 650 mg four times a day for arthritic pain.He reports that he also takes gingko 80 mg twice a day,a multivitamin tablet daily,and glucosamine chondroitin 500 mg three times per day.He states that he takes the gingko so that he will not develop dementia like his father,and the glucosamine for the arthritic pain.What should be included in preoperative teaching for the patient?
A) He needs to refrain from taking glucosamine chondroitin for 1 to 2 weeks before surgery because of the potential for increased sedation with anesthetics.
B) He needs to refrain from taking gingko for 2 weeks before surgery due to the potential for increased bleeding.
C) He needs to refrain from taking Tylenol for 24 to 48 hours before surgery due to the potential for increased bleeding.
D) He needs to refrain from taking gingko for 1 week before surgery due to the potential for an allergic reaction during surgery.
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Chapter 14: Sensory Function
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10 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) An appropriate psychosocial nursing diagnosis for your elderly client experiencing a hearing loss might include all except:
A) anxiety.
B) chronic low self-esteem.
C) social isolation.
D) risk for falls.
Q2) You are preparing a 78-year-old client with an alteration in olfaction for discharge home.Which topics should be included in the patient education plan to prepare for discharge? (Choose all that apply.)
A) Date and label all foods.
B) Remove trash from home weekly.
C) Place natural gas detectors near gas heater or stove.
D) Use perfumes and colognes in moderation.
Q3) You are assessing your elderly client for tinnitus.Which statement correctly describes this symptom?
A) It is characterized by hissing,buzzing,or ringing in the ears.
B) It is never related to metabolic conditions.
C) It always accompanies hearing loss.
D) It is characterized by silence.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Mobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is at greatest risk for developing osteoporosis?
A) A 50-year-old white male
B) A 37-year-old aerobics instructor
C) A 72-year-old large black woman
D) A 69-year-old thin white woman
Q2) Parkinson's disease is characterized by which alteration in gait?
A) Wide-based gait with frequent side-stepping
B) Stooped posture and a short,rapid shuffling
C) Spastic,shuffling gait
D) Waddling gait
Q3) An elderly patient is being discharged from the hospital after an acute exacerbation of gout.The nurse reviews instructions for allopurinol (Zyloprim)with him.The nurse knows that this medication:
A) blocks the excretion of uric acid.
B) neutralizes uric acid.
C) lowers the formation of uric acid.
D) increases the excretion of uric acid.
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Chapter 16: Environmental Safety and Security
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 98-year-old female client of your home care agency resides independently in the community.You make a routine visit and you find that despite its being 90 degrees F outside,the windows are closed and the client is wearing a sweater.You understand that her behavior may be related to:
A) cognitive changes that diminish the individual's awareness of temperature changes.
B) neurosensory changes related to aging that diminish the individual's awareness of temperature changes.
C) delirium related to an acute illness.
D) self-neglect.
Q2) You are educating your elderly female client about fire safety.You answer her questions knowing that:
A) elderly women are more likely to die in fires than elderly men.
B) fire mortality for elders is twice that of any other age group except children ages 1 to 4.
C) most people who die in fires are killed by the flames.
D) most fires occur outside the home.
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18
Chapter 17: Economic,Residential,and Legal Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The original intent of Social Security was to:
A) provide a hospital insurance plan.
B) minimize the dependency of older members on younger members of society.
C) provide the blind,elderly,or disabled with adequate financial support.
D) penalize women financially for numerous zero wage years while raising children.
Q2) One significant difference in the two levels of care in a nursing home-subacute (skilled)care and chronic care-is that subacute care:
A) provides 24-hour personal assistance to the resident.
B) focuses on rehabilitation or management of complex medical needs.
C) is provided in for-profit facilities only.
D) is not covered by Medicare.
Q3) The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)of 1987 included:
A) mandatory registered nurse (RN)to patient ratios in nursing homes.
B) mandatory RN continuing education.
C) elimination of the use of restraints and medications for discipline of residents.
D) mandatory daily patient assessments by physicians.
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Chapter 18: Frailty,Vulnerability,and Elder Mistreatment
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse suspects that her next door neighbor,an elderly woman,is a victim of elder abuse by her daughter.The best action of the nurse is to:
A) not get involved because the neighbor is not one of the nurse's patients.
B) plan to visit the neighbor frequently and then confront the family with her suspicions. C) complete a confidential report with the adult protective services in the area.
D) ask the neighbor if she is being abused.
Q2) An 81-year-old widowed white woman is admitted to the hospital for community-acquired pneumonia.She lives alone and has a history of hypertension,coronary artery disease,glaucoma,and a cataract in her right eye.Her daughter lives 2500 miles away.What factor makes her the most physically vulnerable?
A) Hypertension
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Widowhood and a daughter living far away
D) Pneumonia
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Chapter 19: Intimacy and Sexuality in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The following have been identified as benefits of therapeutic touch except:
A) provision of sensory stimulation.
B) relief of physical and psychosocial pain.
C) reduction of anxiety.
D) improved skin integrity.
Q2) What is true regarding aging and sexuality?
A) Sexuality is important as long as one is not institutionalized.
B) One's sexuality can give meaning to life and bolster security,belonging,and esteem.
C) The sexual emphasis in later life is on procreation.
D) One cannot possess sexual health if widowed.
Q3) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)is frequently underreported in older adults because:
A) it is often not recognized due to its low incidence in older adults.
B) many of the classic symptoms are also common to other conditions common in older adults.
C) presenting symptoms are markedly different than in younger adults.
D) AIDS progresses much slower in older adults so symptoms are not recognized easily.
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Chapter 20: Relationships,Roles,and Transitions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A married couple lives in a retirement community.The husband is 76 and the wife is 73.When she attends her Tai Chi class,she shares the following with the nurse: "I expected to enjoy retirement with my husband.These were supposed to be our golden years.I am so stressed out.All I do is spend my time taking care of him; he has so many things wrong with him." The nurse bases her response on the understanding that:
A) The woman's comments are atypical of older married adults and reflect severe depression.
B) The woman's comments are typical and reflect the many stressors faced by older married couples.
C) The woman's comments are typical and reflect the financial strain faced by older married couples.
D) The woman's comments are atypical and reflect a conflict situation between her and her children.
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Chapter 21: Culture,Gender,and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is true about health care disparities among older adults?
A) Older adults of color have equal risk factors for vulnerability as all older adults.
B) Older adults of color have equal risk factors for vulnerability as young adults of the same ethnic group.
C) Older females of color have increased risk factors for vulnerability than do older males of the same ethnic group.
D) Health care disparities are only seen in older adults of color who receive care in public hospitals and clinics.
Q2) Which cultural group has the fastest growing elderly population in the United States?
A) Blacks
B) Asian/Pacific Island Americans
C) Native Americans
D) Hispanic Americans
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Chapter 22: Nursing and Aging in Rural and Frontier
Settings
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your older adult client lives in a designated rural area.She owns her own home,where she has lived for most of her life,is recently widowed,and at age 84 has difficulty getting to a grocery store for food.With this information,your best description of her is that:
A) she is atypical of a rural-dwelling older adult due to the common availability of food delivery in rural areas.
B) she is atypical of a rural-dwelling older adult because she is widowed; most rural-dwelling older adults are married.
C) she is typical of an older rural woman,except she owns her own home.
D) she is atypical of an older rural woman because she has lived in the same home for most of her life.
Q2) What is true regarding the health status of rural-dwelling older adults? They are:
A) a population at risk for disease and disability.
B) less likely to have mental illness.
C) able to access health care due to federal farm pension programs.
D) automatically eligible for government assistance for home care programs regardless of specific needs.
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Chapter 23: Cognition and Caring for Persons with Cognitive Impairment
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are caring for a client with delirium.Which assessment finding would be expected in this client throughout your shift?
A) Fluctuation in symptoms
B) Normal attention span
C) Unlimited duration
D) Unchanged sleep-wake cycle
Q2) Interventions to manage wandering in clients in a long-term care facility include the following except:
A) environmental modifications such as camouflaging doorways and providing enclosed pathways.
B) close observation to identify the person's individual patterns.
C) engaging the person in social interactions.
D) using physical restraints to prevent wandering and maintain safety.
Q3) The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)is a tool used to:
A) diagnose Alzheimer's disease.
B) provide a baseline mental status measurement and track changes.
C) diagnose delirium in hospitalized older adults.
D) predict the progression of cognitive changes.
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Chapter 24: Stress,Crises,and Health in Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a true statement about coping strategies in older adults?
A) Older adults are often less able to cope with stress due to decreased adaptive capacity.
B) Older adults are less able to cope with stress due to cognitive declines.
C) Coping strategies used in earlier life are ineffective in later life.
D) Older adults use coping strategies directed at avoiding the problem.
Q2) A 68-year-old man recently suffered a left-sided cerebrovascular accident (CVA)and is now in an acute rehabilitation setting.He is easily frustrated due to his physical deficits.During his morning bath,the nurse instructs the certified nursing assistant (CNA)to give the patient a washcloth and let him wash his face and as much of his upper body as possible.The primary reason for this is to:
A) allow the patient to establish some control and preserve self-esteem.
B) exercise the patient's left arm.
C) save time so the CNA can assist other patients.
D) allow the CNA to establish control over the situation.
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Chapter 25: Emotional Health in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 88-year-old woman is seen in the geriatric clinic for a routine physical examination.She reports being more tired,eating less,and having less desire to participate in activities,all of which she attributes to aging.The gerontological clinical nurse specialist suspects that she is depressed and asks her to complete the Geriatric Depression Scale.The woman becomes visibly upset and states,"What,you think I am crazy? Shame on you." Her response is:
A) typical of older adults due to a stigma associated with depression.
B) atypical and requires investigation by a psychiatrist.
C) related to an inability to complete the Geriatric Depression Scale.
D) evidence of cognitive deficits.
Q2) Your older adult client has admitted himself for treatment of alcohol dependency.In implementing care,you draw upon your knowledge about alcohol and aging that:
A) substance abuse often arises in old age as a coping mechanism to deal with loss,anxiety,or depression.
B) treatment programs for older adults have low rates of success.
C) health care providers readily detect drinking problems with older adults.
D) women older than age 65 have the highest rate of alcoholism of any population.
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Chapter 26: Loss,Death,and Dying in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select the true statement regarding gender and loss of a spouse.
A) Men are less likely to grieve than women in response to loss of a spouse.
B) Men carry attachments to their spouses that are less deep than women's attachments.
C) Three out of four women will be widowed at some point because women tend to live longer than men and frequently marry older men.
D) The male response to grief has been thoroughly studied and documented in the literature.
Q2) An 87-year-old patient who is dying of metastatic ovarian cancer tells the nurse that she is concerned about being discharged home and living alone.She is independent in activities of daily living at present and is eager to maintain this independence for as long as possible.She expresses concern about dying alone and losing control.The nurse determines that the patient's concerns are:
A) signs of depression.
B) unrealistic fears because the client shows no signs at present.
C) common fears of the dying person.
D) appropriate to institute a referral to hospice.
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are the nurse manager of the geriatric unit in a large teaching hospital.You partner with the nurse manager of the pediatric unit to arrange an intergenerational holiday party.Your rationale for doing this includes the following except:
A) intergenerational activities can help older adults establish new relationships.
B) intergenerational activities are required by state and local regulatory agencies.
C) intergenerational activities can increase self-esteem of the younger people.
D) intergenerational activities are beneficial for older adults because they can decrease isolation and foster a sense of meaning and purpose.
Q2) What is the role of the nurse in assisting older adults with travel interests?
A) Making their arrangements
B) Addressing potential problems and assisting in planning ahead for contingencies
C) Offering to provide pet-sitting services
D) Reassuring the client that altitude and climate are minor considerations in travel
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